Symptoms And Treatment Of A Stable Angina

Ivabradine has captured the attention of scientists and has opened up new possibilities for the treatment of stable angina and chronic heart failure. Ivabradine is being developed as an anti-angina drug in patients with stable coronary artery disease and was found to reduce heart rate by selectively inhibiting the pacemaker (If) current in the sinoatrial node (Jedlickova et al., 2015). Recent studies have noted how the reduction of heart rate caused by ivabradine has broader implications on heart health, and also how ivabradine can potentially improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) by mechanisms other than heart rate reduction. Studies have also looked at using ivabradine in more than just treating stable chronic angina, but also in other types of CVD and even chest pains. O 'Connor et al., (2016) examined the effects of ivabradine following myocardial infarction in mice and Jedlickova et al., (2015) through studying ivabradine used as an angina treatment in humans, looked at the effects of ivabradine on endothelial function. These studies have highlighted how ivabradine may not only be beneficial as a treatment via heart rate reduction, but also through pleiotropic mechanisms (Heusch and Kleinbongard, 2016). Ivabradine is an important area of research because it can be useful in more than one context.

Current Treatment and Consideration of Evidence Base: Upon admission, patient was most-likely suspected of having ACS (acute coronary syndrome) because of CHD (coronary heart disease) (NICE, 2014c). Troponin T High Sensitivity Test was carried out to distinguish whether chest pains were because of NSTEMI or unstable angina (NICE, 2014b). This led to diagnosis of unstable angina. His current treatment with regards to drug interactions is okay, except that enoxaparin has a clinically significant interaction with aspirin (2015, p. 1199). This can be discounted for due to his condition.

Nurses play a very important role in managing a patient from the moment of his admission up to making a discharge plan. Each part of the nursing process is vital to the wellbeing of the person he is taking care of. Clinical reasoning is always essential in each part of the nursing process from assessment, setting up goals and intervention. Effective nursing management is done when a nurse looks for the early and right cues at the right patient and implementing it at the right time. This essay will delve deeper into the case of Rob Geis, a patient who was suffering from angina, given his history and the signs and symptoms he experienced up to the time when his condition worsened to Myocardial Infarction. This essay will also look into

Two of the most commonly recognised heart conditions associated with acute central chest pain are heart attack and angina. Angina

Chest pain (angina) is an indicator of a heart attack (myocardial infarction). A heart attack can cause sudden death.

The nicotine cause heart diseases; it can destruct the structure and function of your heart and blood vessels. This destruction can lead to Atherosclerosis disease, is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the patient arteries. Atherosclerosis is the dominant predictor of cardiovascular disease as heart failure, arrhythmia and heart valve problems. By time, the plaque limits blood flow and oxygen to the heart, brain and other vital organs, which then cause damage and weakened blood vessels and also can lead to a myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure or arrhythmias, other diseases to the brain as carotid artery disease and can cause kidney diseases. In some cases, if the plague builds

Risk factors include smoking as it increases coronary heart disease and accompanies the increase of LDL and decrease in HDL. Contributes to damage of the blood vessel endothelial lining, inflammation and thrombosis.

Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pains, and is associated with coronary heart disease. This occurs due to a blockage or the over time narrowing of of arteries that transport blood to the heart. With angina pectoris, the causes, diagnosis and treatment steps can mean the difference between life or death for an individual. The term angina

oxygen-rich blood. This may end up causing chest pain/angina; it may simulate the feeling of an elephant standing on the patient’s chest. Chest pain can range from a dull ache, a crushing or burning feeling, or a sharp stabbing pain; this pain may radiate down the neck or shoulder. CAD is thought to begin as early as childhood, some contributing risk factors may include: smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes or insulin resistance, sedentary lifestyle, and genetic disposition.

In summary, myocardial infarction is where there is a complete blockage of blood supply to the heart. In contrast, angina is chest pain or discomfort that usually occurs with activity or stress resulting from poor blood flow through the blood vessels in the

Angina pectoris is a term used to describe the syndrome of chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia (Griffin et al., 2008). Normal non-ischemic myocardial tissues differ from the cardiac tissue of an individual with myocardial ischemia because the normal tissue has adequate blood supply whereas the tissue in angina has inadequate blood supply from blocked coronary arteries. Unstable angina is diagnosed when ischemia is neither severe nor prolongs for more than 20 minutes and regularly occurs at rest (Sami & Willerson, 2010). Patients who have unstable angina are at a high risk for a new infarction and its sequelae such as cardiac death until the endothelial injury is repaired. The purpose of this paper is to present a case analysis of

Angina pectoris is a condition that is seen very often in the healthcare setting. According to Hemingway, McCallum, Shipley, Manderbacka, and Martikainen, Keskimäki (2006) commonly, the age of those affected by this condition

Coronary Heart Disease affects the circulatory system specifically the heart. Arteries called the coronary arteries surround the heart and provide nutrients and oxygen so the heart can operate. Sometimes cholesterol or fatty deposits build up on the walls of the artery blocking and reducing the amount of blood that can flow through the artery. These obstructions block nutrients and oxygen from getting to the heart’s muscles, which can then weaken the heart’s ability to pump blood or even cause it to completely fail.

Angina is a pain in the chest and surrounding areas of the body that happens when the heart does not get enough oxygen. Your blood carriers oxygen, which your heart muscle need to survive. When your heart muscle is not getting oxygen due to heart arteries narrowing from fatty buildup or fatty breakup, which can lead to block of blood flow.7 There are two types of angina: stable and unstable angina. Stable angina is the chest pain that occurs usually in the morning that lasts for only a few minutes with the same pattern, length of time, and symptoms.6 Unstable angina is the new start chest pain that occurs at any time of day and has a worsen pattern.2

Unstable angina is a result of reversible myocardial ischemia causing irreversible damage condition in which oxygen and blood flow to the heart is reduced or blocked (Overbaugh, 2009). PJ’s symptoms came as a surprise and shows of chest pain that radiate to the jaw and the left arm and pain is not relieved. He is diaphoretic and pale. This is an indicative of unstable angina (Overbaugh, 2009).