Symptoms And Treatment Of Angina

Angina accounts for around 1% of the population on average. It is usually caused by coronary artery disease and anginal pain is precipitated when there is an inadequate supply of

The heart disease is one of the killer diseases among the American women. The heart disease is a heart group disease and the heart's blood vessel system. The most common type of heart disease is the Coronary heart disease. The Coronary disease affects the human blood vessels in the heart causing a heart attack or the angina (Gregson, 2009). Angina is a type of condition whereby an individual experiences chest pains in case the heart fails to get enough blood. An individual usually experiences sharp pressing chest pains but sometimes the back, shoulders and arms are also affected. Some of the

Mr. Howard, a 57-year-old man, had a 3-month history of progressive typical anginal chest pain. He reported that the symptoms first occurred with heavy exertion and involved what he described as“heaviness” in his chest. The symptoms were promptly relieved with rest. Over the past weeks, he had been experiencing increasingly frequent episodes of chest pain and diaphoresis. The episodes had become more prolonged, and he had experienced one episode of pain occurring at rest after a heavy meal. Mr. Howard was moderately obese and had a 20-year history of hypertension, which was being treated. Other risk factors in Mr. Howard’s history include hypercholesterolemia (350 mg/dL), which he was attempting to treat with dietary modifications, and a 30-year two-pack-a-day smoking history which continued up to the present time. Mr. Howard previously had surgery for a bilateral inguinal hernia repair, cholecystectomy, and arthroscopic surgery on his left knew. He also gave a history of problems with gastric reflux and was currently taking cimetidine (Tagamet).

Clearly differentiate the pathophysiology of angina and myocardial infarction, including signs and symptoms. (5 marks)

As mentioned, the patient’s name is Joshua John Laurane. He is an African American male of 69 years with a past medical history of diabetes (Type II), hypertension, congestive heart failure, and high cholesterol. He first presented with these underlying

Stable angina, also known as angina pectoris, is more commonly known as chest pain. As simple as it sounds, there are many underlying causes and complications that follow along with this condition. These chest pains are most often accompanied by strenuous activities or prolonged emotional stress. Angina is closely related to coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease leaves the arteries narrowed and restricted, which limits the flow of blood tremendously. Poor blood flow to the heart means poor oxygenation. The muscles in the heart are then oxygen deprived, which is the pain that the patient feels. The pain most often occurs when the cardiac muscles actually need more oxygen at a higher demand than usual, and when the workload on the heart has been increased. There are many conditions that increase the need for more oxygen, such as hyperthyroidism and hypertension. More often than none, rest and/or nitrates usually relieve the pain. If the pain is continuous while resting, the diagnosis can be changed to unstable angina.

Patient WS is a 52 years old male his complained of crushing chest pain, shortness of breathe with exertion and diaphoretic. His has history of present illness of angina. The patient has a history of hypertension, high cholesterol, and cholecystectomy. He is a full-time carpenter, no known allergies, smokes one pack per day, and no active exercise. The patient takes one heavy meal per day and mostly skips breakfast and eats fast foods for lunch.

Stable – Usually happens with physical exertion, but will get better when the person relaxes or rest. The reason for this is that the persons’ coronary arteries are severely narrowed because of plague. When a person is sedate, then the demand for blood is low so that they do not feel any symptoms. When they exert themselves with exercise or do strenuous work then the heart works harder and needs more blood and oxygen, but it cannot get it due to the narrow arteries.

Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pains, and is associated with coronary heart disease. This occurs due to a blockage or the over time narrowing of of arteries that transport blood to the heart. With angina pectoris, the causes, diagnosis and treatment steps can mean the difference between life or death for an individual. The term angina

Angina is a chronic condition characterised by pain or constructing discomfort which usually occurs in the front of the chest and then radiates to the neck, shoulders, jaws or arms. It is typically aggravated by exertion or emotional stress and only lasts for a few minutes (NICE, 2011). Along with chest pain, there are also atypical symptoms which can occur, such as breathlessness, nausea, feeling unusually tired, and dizziness (Sarembock et al., 2007). Stable angina results from the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries, causing progressive narrowing of the arterial lumen and symptoms occur when the restricted blood flow does not provide adequate amounts of oxygen to the myocardium when there is increased oxygen demand

Angina pectoris is a condition that is seen very often in the healthcare setting. According to Hemingway, McCallum, Shipley, Manderbacka, and Martikainen, Keskimäki (2006) commonly, the age of those affected by this condition

Angina is a pain in the chest and surrounding areas of the body that happens when the heart does not get enough oxygen. Your blood carriers oxygen, which your heart muscle need to survive. When your heart muscle is not getting oxygen due to heart arteries narrowing from fatty buildup or fatty breakup, which can lead to block of blood flow.7 There are two types of angina: stable and unstable angina. Stable angina is the chest pain that occurs usually in the morning that lasts for only a few minutes with the same pattern, length of time, and symptoms.6 Unstable angina is the new start chest pain that occurs at any time of day and has a worsen pattern.2

It is a recurring chest pain that occurs when a part of the heart does not receive enough blood. This occurs usually during strenuous exertion or excitement when the heart requires higher blood flow. Ischemic heart disease develops when cholesterol starts to increase on the artery walls which supply blood to the heart which usually lead to plaque deposits. These deposits narrow the arteries and eventually leads to reduced blood flow and that leads to reduced amounts of oxygen supplied to the heart muscles. (Healthgrades, n.d.) Acute inflammatory response leads to further tissue

This is a patient with a past history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, CAD and congestive heart failure who presented initially complaining of chest discomfort in the upper left side of her chest which was thought could be consistent with angina. The patient's initial workup showed the blood pressure was elevated at 193/77. The EKG had nonspecific changes. The chest x-ray had no acute disease. The troponin was negative.

The patient is most likely experiencing an unstable anginal event. Chest pain is a very frequent complaint with several kinds of etiologies. Understand that anginal chest pain is described as deep and pressure-like in sensation, not reproducible with palpation, radiates to either or both arms, and elicited with activity or stress. Sometimes you can also see associated nausea, sweats, and vomiting. The difference with stable vs. unstable angina is how this specific chest pain responds to nitroglycerin. In the former, the chest pain resolves with rest and nitroglycerin as in the latter it does not. Non-anginal chest pain has characteristics contrasting characteristics, depending on the etiology. For the most part, anginal chest pain will NOT have qualities of stabbing/sharp pain, elicited with position or deep breaths, and reproducible with palpation. The patient’s chest pain was elicited with mild activity (climbing stairs) and then became progressive. By comparison, stable angina consists of chest pain elicited with activity but it is not progressive and self-limited with rest or nitrates. Furthermore, the patient is having mild ECG changes which is not going to be consistent with stable angina. Remember the mnemonic MONA has HEP B and C when immediately treating any type of acute coronary syndrome event, be it unstable angina, NSTEMI, or STEMI: Morphine, Oxygen, Nitrates, Aspirin, Heparin (or similar short-acting anticoagulant such as