Symptoms And Treatment Of Auto Immune Disorders

For the pass this assignment will describe the investigations that are carried out to enable the diagnosis of these physiological disorders. For the merit this assignment will assess possible difficulties involved in the diagnosis from their signs and symptoms.

All the symptoms that were described were based on the kidney functions, so more and further

No scalp lesions. Dry eyes with conjunctival injection. Mild exophthalmos. Dry nasal mucosa. Marked cracking and bleeding of her lips with erosions of the mucosa. She has a large ulceration of the mucosa at the bite margin on the left. She has some scattered ulcerations on her hard and soft palette. She has difficulty opening her mouth because of pain. Tonsils not enlarged. No visible exudate. SKIN: She has some mild ecchymosis on her skin and some erythema, she has some patches but no obvious skin breakdown. She had some fissuring in the buttocks crease. PULMONARY: Clear to precussion and auscultation, bilaterally. CARDIOVASCULAR: No murmurs or gallops noted. ABDOMEN: Soft, non-tender, protuberant, no organomegaly, and positive bowel sounds. NORALOGIC EXAME: Cranial nerves ii – xii are grossly intact, diffuse hyporeflexia. MUSCULAR SKELETAL: Erosive destructive changes in elbows, wrist, and hands consistent with rheumatoid arthritis. Has had bilateral total knee replacements with stovepipe legs and perimalledal pitting edema 1+. I feel no pulse distally in either leg. PHYCIATRIC: Patient is a little anxious about these new symptoms and there significance. We discussed her situation and I offered her psychiatric services, she refused for now.

send both the bags of blood to the lab per protocol. I hung a new bag of 0.9%

The goal of this experiment is to determine the blood types of the samples given and to learn what interactions occurred to each blood type. Determining an individual’s blood type and how it reacts with Anti A, Anti-B, and Anti Rh serums played a crucial part in this experiment. The researcher concluded that agglutination (clumping) occurred in some of the blood samples. For example, Mr. Smith’s blood reacted with Anti-A and Anti-Rh serums (antibodies) allowing the researcher to determine the blood type is A. Mr. Jones’s blood reacted with Anti-B serum but it did not react to Anti-A or Anti Rh allowing the researcher to believe that the blood type is B. Mr. Green’s blood reacted with all serums and caused a reaction to occur resulting the blood type to be AB positive. Mr. Green’s blood also had a positive marker for Rh factor. However, Ms. Brown’s blood had no reaction at all and the researcher determined if no reaction occurred then the sample had no antigens but proved to have some antibodies, resulting in blood type to be O. The purpose of this experiment is to determine whose blood has type A, B, AB, or O.

low platelet count and low white blood cell count. In reference to Mr. J.’s symptoms and CBC results additional diagnostic labs were ordered.

There was a statistically significant decrease in levels of serum blood interleukin IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, in the study groups. Dynamic change presents with symptoms of patients during the study. When comparing symptoms, change significant difference found between the groups (p <0,05) for symptoms such as a decrease in the severity of cough and expectoration improved, most significant improvement was observed in the group receiving N-Acetylcystein

Few people are aware of Raynaud's disease even though it is a fairly common condition. Raynaulds Disease is also referred to as Raynauld’s phenonmenon. Raynaud's is a condition in which cold temperatures or stress cause blood vessel spasms that block blood flow to fingers, toes, nose, and ears. This causes these body parts to suddenly turn ice cold and to become a purple or blue color. Later when the blood flow becomes normal the area turns a reddish color and later returns to normal. There are two types of Raynaud's Disease, primary Raynaud's disease and secondary Raynaud's disease. Primary Raynaud's is when a person has no other cause or condition. Secondary Raynaud's is when there is another condition that

Laboratory: CK 41, aldose 5.7, CCP 5, rheumatoid factor 10.8, ANA negative, ANCA is less than 1:20, P-ANCA less than 1:20, hypersensitivity pneumonitis panel is negative, anti-Jo-1 is less than 0.2, scleroderma antibody is less than 0.2, IDE total 5. CBC within normal limits.

To understand autoimmune diseases, the general characteristic of autoimmunity must be addressed. Autoimmunity is defined, in short, as “ misdirected immune response”. A healthy person is equipped with the mechanisms necessary to defend the body from pathogens within the immune system. When autoimmunity is present in an individual, something within the immune system is

Capillaroscopy and some prescribed laboratory methods are helpful but only balance clinical diagnosis in uncertain cases, mainly when the connective tissue disorders should be present.

Denies arm, neck, or leg pain, cramping, weakness, joint swelling. Denies weakness, numbness and tingling in the extremities

Autoimmunity is an immune response directed against an antigen within the body of the host. The definition does not distinguish whether the response is innate or acquired and, if acquired, whether it is induced by a foreign or autochthonous antigen. It usually involves both T-cell and B-cell responses. It only requires that the immune response be directed to a

Raynaud’s phenomenon is an episodic vasospasm of the peripheral digital arteries and veins that is triggered by extreme heat or cold, emotional stress, or chemical stress such as exposure to polyvinylchloride1-3. It is characterized by a signature three-color progression of the fingers or toes starting with pallor and moving to cyanosis and ending with erythema as the digits are reperfused. Primary Raynaud’s phenomenon is having these attacks as an isolated symptom without any underlying conditions. Secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon commonly occurs in individuals with connective tissue disease, most often systemic sclerosis1,2. Treatment with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors such as tadalafil, sildenafil, and udenafil are effective at reducing

• A physical exam. During the exam, you may be asked to put your hands in cold water to check for a reaction to cold