Symptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder

Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. It can have a devastating impact on one’s emotion, physical, occupation and social life. While it occasionally can be seen in the clinical setting as a primary diagnosis, it most often presents as a comorbidity to a medical or psychiatric issue;

The client’s primary care physician is Dr. Damian Covington. The client does not currently have a psychiatrist.

The patient moved from Troy, New York a few months ago after getting married. She is living in Barrington and working in Northwood. They moved because her husband's job. The patient would like to talk about depression. She tells me that she has had anxiety her whole life. She was never evaluated by a physician for this, as her parents reportedly did not believe in any medication. She says that she struggled with her anxiety throughout her teen years and went to counseling in college, but never saw a physician at that time. She is no longer in counseling. In addition to feeling anxious, she feels depressed. She says

Medical: Wellness Coach asked Mr. Hallet how was his day and he said he was doing well. He also express that he been taking his medication but the sleep pills is causing to have irregular patterns of sleep. Mr. Hallet has been falling to sleep everywhere even while traveling on public transportation. He also stated that the sleep pills are causing him to even fall asleep during the work hours. Wellness Coach and Family Counselor Clair Arzon discuss with Mr. Hallet that maybe creating sleep pattern will then decrease the irregular sleeping. He express that he has tried everything. Family Counselor Ms. Arzon inform Mr. Hallet to try not taking the sleeping pills for a few days to see how his sleep habits will be. If he gets sleepy then to take walks or drink water to help keep Mr. Hallet up during the day and when bedtime come try turning the TV off therefore you can relax.

The client is a 56 year old African American female with a 9th grade education level. During the assessment the client initially presented as anxious; however, as the assessment progressed the client became calm. During a hospitalization stay at MCV in 2010 the client was given the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder. The client received the diagnosis of Depression after threats of suicide. The client was prescribed Trazadone and Sertraline.

Medication non-adherence, also called medication noncompliance, is a concern in virtually every medical condition. Overall, approximately 24% of patients do not adhere to their medication regimen. This non-adherence rate skyrockets when the condition is chronic, and is even higher when the illness is a severe mental illness (American Pharmacists Association, 2013). Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness that has one of the highest non-adherence rates, up to 65% (American Pharmacists Association, 2013). The reasons for this non-adherence are multi-faceted. Some reasons are common to all non-adherence, and others are specifically related to the nature of bipolar disorder itself. Medication compliance is of utmost importance in the

R.A. is a 12-year-old female who was admitted to Presbyterian Kaseman Mental Health facility on February 26, 2016. She was initially brought into the emergency department by her mother for cutting (self-mutilation). Patient had sent long text messages to mother with thoughts of wanting to die, the world would be better without her, feeling lost, and has memories that she had declined to talk about. She described feeling overwhelmed, not able to focus, depressed, anxious and that her thoughts were continuously racing prior to be admitted. Patient lives with her mother and pregnant sister and has a history of self-mutilation and marijuana use. The patient’s Axis I diagnosis on admission was major depressive disorder (MDD),

It would be appreciated if you could arrange an appointment with Sam, 24-year-old PhD student who reports sleep onset insomnia, sleep fragmentation and poor quality sleep. Sam has undergone a couple of sleep studies that have not identified any specific disorder aside from a raised arousal index that that led to another sleep study and commencing him in Lyrica and melatonin. Sam has found these medications somewhat beneficial, but continues to report some sleep disruption and daytime fatigue. Your assessment would be appreciated.

Ms. Simons is a 47 year old female who presented to the ED experiencing symptoms of psychosis and suicidal ideation without a plan. At the time of the assessment Ms. Simons reports experiencing depressive symptoms that has worsen over the course of the past week. She reports her best friend died around this time in 2014 and she was the one that found her body. Ms. Simons reports the anniversary of the death of her best friend as the primary stressors contributing to her distress. She express depressive symptoms as: feelings of hopelessness, sadness, tearfulness, isolation, insomnia (2-3 hours of sleep) over course of the past few weeks, and irritability. Ms. Simons states, "I had a knife in my hand today and had a plan to stab myself in the

Many people around the world experience sleep disorders at some point in their lives. Insomnia is one of the common sleep disorders that defined as an inability to fall or stay asleep a result there are five million patients per year in the US alone. Because having sleep problems can have serious consequences such as affecting the mood, weight, and memory, it is important to know how to treat it accurately. The non drug strategies are the best way to control insomnia (1). Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of non drug strategies that have many steps to treat insomnia, but the most common steps are a sleep restriction therapy, sleep hygiene education, and relaxation.

When asked to conduct an exploration paper regarding a specific disorder including treatment, complicated issues, opinions, and reactions, my disorder of choice is Idiopathic Hypersomnia (IH). IH by definition according to MedlinePlus is “a sleep disorder in which a person is excessively sleepy (hypersomnia) during the day and has great difficulty being awakened from sleep. Idiopathic means there is not a clear cause.” The interesting thing about IH is that it is closely related to a similar sleep disorder called narcolepsy, but lacks the research and information of other sleep disorders (hence the term idiopathic). This sleep disorder came to existence around 1966 when William Dement suggested that those with excessive

Comparing CBT-I to FDA approved prescription medicine or non-prescription medicine, that participants used to treat insomnia.

Insomnia is one of the sleep-wake disorders and affects millions on a daily basis. Individuals affected by insomnia can have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, and/or having non-restorative sleep. According to the American Psychiatric Association, insomnia symptoms are reported by one-third of all adults and 10-15% of those adults experience daytime impairments related to insomnia while 6-10% of them actually meet the criteria for insomnia disorder (2013, p. 364-365). The occurrence of insomnia is more prevalent in women, older adults, shift workers, those of lower socioeconomic status, and “those with poor physical and mental” (Morin, 2010). It can result from several causes, some of which include life stressors such as divorce and job loss, other psychological or medical disorders, environmental changes, and age. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), medication, or a combination of the two is used in treating insomnia.

National Prescribing services have set guidelines to manage insomnia based on its causes. “See Appendix E” It refers to various treatment options available. (4)

ST came to the clinic with a complaint of insomnia. In the treatment plan for insomnia, the aim is not only to help the individual achieve a restful sleep but, to find out the cause of insomnia. Since anxiety and depression are two of the most common causes of chronic insomnia (Robinson, Smith & Segal, 2016). Firstly, I will evaluate ST for anxiety and depression. For anxiety, I could use the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). This is a 7-question screening tool that identifies whether a complete assessment for anxiety is indicated (CIHS, N.D). For depression I will use Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) which is the most common screening tool used to identify possible diagnosis of depression and the severity in at-risk population