Symptoms And Treatment Of Clinical Depression

According to the DBSA in the US alone depression affects 6.7% of adults. This is approximately 14.8 million people who are diagnosed yearly. Depression puts you at a risk four times higher than that of a non depressed person for a heart attack. The majority of depressed peoples are women. In the medical world there are many techniques to combat depression. There are many forms of prescription antidepressants including; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Thanks to Ed Likovich, Kasey Russell, Richard Schwartz, Jacqueline Olds and Tom Hayes there is another form of prescribed antidepressant that we now know as Sunsprite.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been prescribed by physicians for many years now. One reason SSRIs are so popular is because of the many mental disorders they can be used for such as anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), phobias, and many more (Weitzel & Jiwanlal, 2001). The four major types of SSRIs that are most commonly used by people with mental disorders are fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), and citalopram hydrobromide (Celexa); SSRIs work on the brain by acting on the reuptake pathway of serotonin (Stone, 2010). There are some advantages for taking SSRIs. One advantage is that SSRIs have fewer side effects than most of the other antidepressant medications such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclics (Weitzel & Jiwanlal, 2001). Another advantage is that SSRIs have less of a risk of toxicity in overdose (Lane, Baldwin, & Preskorn, 1995). SSRIs are better tolerated than tricyclic antidepressant medication because they cause less sedation and problematic anticholinergic effects. There are also reports indicating that SSRIs have fewer negative effects on the cardiovascular system than tricyclic antidepressants (Edwards, 1992).

In Issue 13 of Taking Sides, the controversial question Have Antidepressant Drugs Proven to be Effective is analyzed. Psychiatrist Peter D. Kramer argues in this issue that antidepressant drugs "can transform depressed patients into happy people with almost no side effects" (p.212). On the contrary, professors of psychology Seymour Fisher and Roger P. Greenburg "claim that the studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of antidepressants are seriously flawed" (p.212). Kramer's agreement with the statement above is due mostly to the testing he did with his patient Tess and antidepressant drugs. However Fisher and Greenberg disagree with the statement mainly because of the bias drug studies that

Mitrea (2007) defines antidepressants as an agent or a drug that is most commonly used to prevent or treat depression. However, in today’s society it could be said that antidepressants are being over prescribed and are being used to treat a vast range of other conditions, as well as clinical depression. When the first antidepressant was developed, manufacturers were reluctant to put it on the market due to the extremely low number of people suffering from depression. Now, antidepressant drugs have a very dominant place in the drug market, with studies showing that they are now one of the most widely prescribed categories of drugs (Mark 2010). There could be a number of reasons for this increase in

Impaired serotonin function has clearly demonstrated to be linked to clinical depression, because low levels of serotonin may negatively affect mechanisms involved in maintaining recovery from depression. However, there is evidence the serotonin pathways may not directly influence mood but may be important mechanisms in depression due to an indirect consequence of shifts in autonomic emotional responses, i.e., the impaired function may simply cause emotional responses to become unstable contributing to depression. Therefore, Prozac, which acts as an inhibitor of the mechanism that reduces serotonin, can help to reduce this emotional imbalance. However, serotonin alone is often not sufficient in treating depression, as there are many mechanisms involved that are associated with depression.

Aims: This review focuses on adults diagnosed with mild to severe depression and whether antidepressants compared to placebo lead to reduced symptoms of depression. The aim of this review is to inform practice as a mental health nurse and to draw conclusions about which are more effective in treating depression.

three groups.Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) medicines block the monoamine oxidase enzyme (MAO) from destroying monoamine neurotransmitters, which allows them to accumulate, alleviating depression. Serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medications block the serotonin reuptake pump, allowing the serotonin neurotransmitter to remain and accumulate in the receptor for longer. Speaking of serotonin specifically, depression has been related to a deficiency of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) neurotransmitter as evidenced by the concentrations of the

17.5 million Americans are diagnosed with clinical depression every year. It 's not "just the blues" or some "made-up disease" that many people can just get rid of. It affects your moods, thoughts, body, and behavior. Researchers believe depression is caused by the two naturally occurring chemical imbalance of serotonin and norepinephrine. These chemicals are located in the brain and body. Serotonin and norepinephrine are thought to be associated with mood. There are four types of depression. Those are mild depression, major depression, situational depression, and seasonal affective depression also known as the "winter blues." It is thought that by the year 2020 depression will be the second largest killer after heart disease, and studies show that it is a contributing factor to coronary disease. People who have depression experience some of these signs: sadness all day and feeling that way every day; Loss of interests or enjoyment in your favorite activities; Feeling emptiness or hopelessness; Fatigue; Sleeping to much; Change in appetite. Many doctors today are prescribing thousands of prescriptions in the battle to fight depression. I believe they need to look at other alternatives to fighting depression first before they so easily reach for that pen and prescription pad. Some of the drugs used to treat depression are Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, and Cymbalta. Many of these drugs have serious side effects and have been linked to suicide, violence, psychosis, abnormal

Concerning the treatment of depression, the figures are of such proportions that details can never be over-looked or neglected. Consider the following. Depressive disorders are amongst the most frequent psychiatric diseases in the Western World, with prevalence numbers between 9% and 18%. According to a 1997 survey (Jindal & Thase, 2003) of the most common reasons for patient visits to family physicians in the United States, depression and anxiety ranked 11th and 17th respectively. The seriousness of this disorder, besides prevalence but in terms of affect, cannot be overstated. Beck (1967) identified five cardinal symptoms of

There are many antidepressant drugs available for the treatment of depression but how can clinicians know which drugs will benefit each patient? Recent studies have shown that patients with depression show various brain wave patterns via quantitative EEG. For example, Ulrich et al (13) found that patients with increased posterior alpha waves responded better to amitriptyline than those without, showing that each patient may have “different pathophysiological and antidepressant response” (Bruder, 2007). Further findings show that alpha and theta wave measures before treating patients with antidepressants will predict whether the patient will respond to the treatment. qEEG studies also show that after receiving treatment, for example, imipramine, some patients showed increase in theta activity three hours later. These were that patients who responded to the treatment while nonresponders did not show this activity.

Christine is a 47-year old married Caucasian female. She currently takes Lexapro, 50mg, and has been taking it for 8 years. She reports a diagnosis of major depressive disorder. She has twice attempted suicide, both times she was under the influence of alcohol and took pills (two handfuls of ibuprofen). She reports to you that she often thinks about “not wanting to be here [alive].” What questions would you ask her? What are things you would consider about her case? What would you report to her prescriber? As her counselor, what would you want to work on?

More severe cases would have been medicated. Therefore the result cannot be used to generalise for people who suffer from severe depression and can only be used to explain the effectiveness on mild to moderate depression. This doesn’t limit the usefulness of the paper as it still shows how antidepressant affect people however only those who suffer from mild to moderate symptoms not covering the full spectrum of different ranges of symptoms a patient could

Clinical Depression is another term that is used for MDD. The signs and symptoms present in clinical depression include sadness, tearfulness, emptiness or hopelessness. A person may experience outburst due to anger or agitation. These individuals will become mad over small matters. There are changes and disturbances in sleeping and eating patterns, lack and loss of interest over previously pleasurable activities, and some may even experience physical problems such as back pain and headaches. The most serious symptom that may be present is the thoughts, planning and attempts of suicide. It is extremely important that any one feeling this way is receiving help immediately. Depression can be caused by a number of things, although an exact cause

The first step to treating many of these new cases of depression is the prescription and use of antidepressant medication, however this has cause a mass flooding of our society with unnecessary prescription drugs. Due to the ease of treatment, primarily with prescription drugs, and the large range of severity in depression is often over diagnosed, adding to the problem.

Hook: The recognition of depression as a common mental illness should lead to studies regarding what form of treatment is best for a patient, but antidepressants seem to be the unimpressive go-to.