This is a possible diagnosis for our patient. The mean age of diagnosis for IBD is 12.5 and our patient fit into that age group. The patient is also of Jewish heritage, which has an increase prevalence of IBD. Furthermore, the patient presents with abdominal pain, low weight, and occult blood in stool that can be found with CD and UC. Our patient does not have a family history of IBD even though 25% of children with IBD do, but that does not rule out the diagnosis. Furthermore, our patient does not have many of the extra-GI features of IBD, which include arthralgias and rashes, making this diagnosis less likely. Finally, an endoscopy was done and no cobblestoning features or pseudopolyps were seen. Thus, IBD is a possible …show more content…
Symptoms of vomiting, abdominal pain, headaches, weakness, and diarrhea can occur within one hour and last less than 24 hours. Diagnosis is through stool culture and treatment is supportive therapy. The most well-known Salmonella infection is Salmonella typhi, which is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Typhoid fever is divided into 4 stages. In the first stage, symptoms of malaise, headache and cough develop. In the second stage, high fever, bradycardia, rose spots, crackles in the lung, hepatosplenomegaly, distended abdomen and loose stools are observed. In the third stage, intestinal hemorrhage, encephalitis, cyclic fevers are prevalent. In the last stage, the fever starts to subside. Diagnosis is made through stool culture and the patient is treated through oral rehydration therapy. Antibiotics like ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin can also be given. Camplylobacter is another bacterial cause of gastroenteritis. It is commonly associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry dish. Patients get diarrhea (loose to bloody), fever and malaise. It is diagnosed through stool culture. Disease is self-limiting, but antibiotics like ciprofloxacin can be given. Yersinia can be acquired through uncooked meat, contaminated water and milk leading to watery and bloody diarrhea and fever. It is typically self-limiting and does not require antibiotics. Of note, patients with Yersinia enterocolitica can experience
More than one million people have been diagnosed with IBD in the United States, accounting for 100,000 hospitalizations per year. Approximately 10 to 25 percent of affected patients have a first-degree relative with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Risk factors include heredity, age, environmental and family history. Although signs and symptoms of rectal bleeding, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramping, anemia (low blood count) or fever can range from mild to severe, it usually develops very gradual. A person may even have periods of remission without having any symptoms for a length of time. Neither Crohn’s disease nor UC are contagious or preventable and etiology is unclear, it’s thought to be an autoimmune disorder that causes the body to react abnormally in the intestinal tract. Although Crohn’s disease and UC have similar symptoms, they vary on how the affect the gastrointestinal tract. A required colonoscopy procedure to obtain tissue samples, from the colon, will confirm or rule out any disease process. Once diagnosed, colon cancer increases with both diseases. Special surveillance of colon screening would be
Inflammatory bowel diseases or IBDs affect “as many as 1.4 million Americans”. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis inflame certain areas of the intestines that result into chronic and long-term complications in peoples’ lives. Even though these diseases are not known to be lethal to humans, they are unbearable to its victim. Both ailments can cause patients to “experience abdominal symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody stools, and vomits” 8. Both diseases result in painful
Infection of S. typhi leads to the development of typhoid, or enteric fever. This disease is characterized by the sudden onset of a sustained and systemic fever, severe headache, nausea, and loss of appetite. Other symptoms include constipation or diarrhea, enlargement of the spleen, possible development of meningitis, and/or general malaise. Untreated typhoid fever cases result in mortality rates ranging from 12-30% while treated cases allow for 99% survival.
Severe exacerbations of Crohn’s Disease (CD) requiring acute surgery are rare, and even rarer still are those that occur during pregnancy. The typical age of onset for CD is 15-30 years old, therefore affecting women during their child-bearing years. One review, noted a majority of pregnant patient with IBD were diagnosed prior to pregnancy, however, 4.1% of women with CD were diagnosed during pregnancy. No data suggests that CD is more severe during pregnancy, however, when operative intervention is required; there are unique surgical and anesthesiological considerations.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) refers to a variety of conditions in which a chronic immune response and inflammation occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases are triggered by an abnormal response by the body’s immune system. In a normal functioning immune system, the cells protect the body from infection. However, in those who are suffering from IBD, the immune system mistakes bacteria, food, and other materials in the intestine as foreign substances and attack the cells in the intestines. As an immune response, the body sends white blood cells to the lining of the intestines, ultimately causing a chronic inflammation and the patient then experiences a variety of symptoms.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) refers to a group of disabling intestinal disorders characterized by the inflammation and ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract. This visually identifiable disease is a structural disorder that is commonly confused with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, a functional disorder of the gut. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of IBD. While CD generally appears as inflammation of the epithelial lining and deep lesions at the ileum and colon, UC refers to the inflammation of the mucosal lining in the colon and rectum with lesions at the surface. Incidence of IBD is increasing worldwide and most notably within developed countries. Canada is ranked first in the world for new IBD cases,
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria usually found in warm blooded organisms such as human and animal intestines. Although there are large groups of E.coli, most strains are harmless. Other strains of the bacteria may cause diarrhea, respiratory illnesses and food poisoning. Some strains such as O157:H7 can cause kidney failure or severe anemia. Exposure to E.coli can be in the form of food, water, undercooked meat and even raw vegetables. Symptoms may include: nausea and vomiting, severe stomach cramps and stomach tenderness, diarrhea containing blood.
The development of IBD is very rare in infancy. Inflammatory bowel disease includes, Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD manifests during childhood or adolescence in up to 25 percent of patients, however, a small percentage of children may present with IBD in infancy. A published data from epidemiological studies and IBD registries in North America and Europe showed that less than one percent of children with IBD present during the first twelve months of life. Even though the numbers are small, Crohn’s disease is more prevalent than ulcerative colitis in these and other studies. It is also common among infants initially diagnosed as ulcerative colitis or indeterminate colitis to have their diagnosis changed to CD during subsequent follow up. IBD with onset in this age group is likely a heterogeneous group of disorders, and has variability in the clinical presentation and prognosis (Kappelman & Grand,
However, specialists with a specific interest in IBD is the best person to make such decision on a case-by-case basis, with sufficient patient education about the long-term pros and cons, particularly as new evidence continues to emerge.1 In such situations, regular monitoring using a non-invasive test such as faecal calprotectin for sub-clinical disease recurrence is
The most common cause of Gastroenteritis in the United States is triggered by the Norovirus with approximately 21 million cases per year, which contributes to nearly 800 deaths and 71,000-hospitalization annually.1 The virus not only afflict United States Citizens but, persons all over the world. Worldwide Norovirus accounts for 9 to 24% of all sporadic gastroenteritis.2 Norovirus is a very contagious virus that affects people of all ages, sexes, genders, and ethnicities, with the most adverse health effects for the elderly and the young. The most severe health affects occur in children under 5 years of age and adults over the age of 65, because they are considered immunocompromised.3 Recurrences often occurs because the virus is extremely diverse and lacks long-term immunity. Therefore, there are many ways in which a person can contract the virus, which includes drinking contaminated water or touching contaminated surfaces. In the case definition of norovirus, the afflicted persons experience issues with their intestines and stomach, or experience acute gastroenteritis; this is followed by severe vomiting and diarrhea.1
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be defined as the chronic condition (it is persistent/ long-standing disease) resulting from inappropriate mucosal immune activation. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can start at any age. However, it is frequently seen among teenagers And also among young adults in their early twenties, both genders can be affected by this disease. There are two conditions that traditionally comprise inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease. Comparison between Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease are clinically useful, because distinguishing between the two conditions allow specialists to choose the right management way. Comparison between Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease are
The term Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a general name given to a few disorders that all fall under the category of inflamed intestines (they become red and swollen.) This is usually due to a reaction the body causes against its own intestinal tissue. The two most common types of Inflammatory Bowel Disease are Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD). Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract; however, it more commonly affects the small intestine or colon.
Salmonella Typhimurium is a food-poisoning contaminating both humans and animals. Salmonella can contaminate meat, eggs, milk, and other dairy products. Cooking meat can kill the bacteria so you do not get infected. Humans can get infected by Salmonella by eating undercooked meat or animal products. There are over 2,000 types of salmonella. Salmonella has many symptoms such as diarrhea, blood stool, or headache. Pain areas include pain in the abdomen and your muscles. Ways to get rid of this disease is to get treatment. Go to a local pharmacy and ask for antibiotics. Salmonella can also pass from person to person in various ways. These ways include having a family member with this bacteria. It is important to wash every object in your home
The symptoms of Crohn’s Disease can range from mild to very severe depending on the area of the gastrointestinal tract involved. When a patient’s disease is active, as opposed to being in remission, the most common signs and symptoms of GI inflammation related to Crohn’s Disease are: persistent diarrhea; rectal bleeding; abdominal cramps and pain, which can vary in intensity and may lead to vomiting; an urgent need to move the bowels; the sensation of incomplete evacuation; constipation, which can lead to bowel obstruction; blood in the stool; and mouth sores. Other general symptoms of IBD that can also be associated with Ulcerative Colitis as well as many other diseases, are: fever; loss of appetite; weight loss; night sweats; signs of malnutrition from the digestive tract not being able to properly absorb needed nutrients; anemia; and feeling tired. In addition, while not very common in children under the age of 10, the lack of
According to a recent study, 126 PRO instruments have been identified which measure a broad range of gastrointestinal symptoms and conditions.14 Prior evaluation and comparison of these instruments demonstrated the two instuments with the highest scores for IBS symptom assessment were the Visceral Sensitivity Index and the IBS-QOL questionnaires. 14