Symptoms And Treatment Of Infectious Gastroenteritis

Salmonella Typhimurium is a food-poisoning contaminating both humans and animals. Salmonella can contaminate meat, eggs, milk, and other dairy products. Cooking meat can kill the bacteria so you do not get infected. Humans can get infected by Salmonella by eating undercooked meat or animal products. There are over 2,000 types of salmonella. Salmonella has many symptoms such as diarrhea, blood stool, or headache. Pain areas include pain in the abdomen and your muscles. Ways to get rid of this disease is to get treatment. Go to a local pharmacy and ask for antibiotics. Salmonella can also pass from person to person in various ways. These ways include having a family member with this bacteria. It is important to wash every object in your home

Foodborne illness, or food poisoning, happens everyday in the U.S. and it is estimated that 48 million people are affected by it every year. Of these 48 million, 128,000 end up in the hospital and 3000 of them die from foodborne pathogens (Tucker, 2014). Foodborne illnesses can be caused by biological, chemical, or physical contaminants. The biological contaminants consist of bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Chemical contaminants are pesticides, cleaning supplies, and toxic chemicals. Physical contaminations are dirt, glass, wood, splinters, stones, hair, jewelry, and metal shavings (Tucker, 2014). Salmonella, a bacterium, has been the most common reported cause of food poisoning. Salmonella is most commonly exposed to humans through animal feces and it is usually from animals that give us beef, poultry, and dairy products. People who do not wash their hands after being around animals can also transmit salmonella into our food. The symptoms of Salmonella are abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever (Tucker, 2014). The symptoms will usually resolve on their own in healthy people but may become life threatening in those with compromised immune systems. In order to prevent Salmonellosis, raw eggs should be avoided, as well as undercooked meat, shellfish, and unpasteurized milk and juice (Tucker, 2014). It is also important to always practice hand hygiene before handling any uncooked food products. Escherichia Coli, otherwise known as E. coli, is

More than one million people have been diagnosed with IBD in the United States, accounting for 100,000 hospitalizations per year. Approximately 10 to 25 percent of affected patients have a first-degree relative with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Risk factors include heredity, age, environmental and family history. Although signs and symptoms of rectal bleeding, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramping, anemia (low blood count) or fever can range from mild to severe, it usually develops very gradual. A person may even have periods of remission without having any symptoms for a length of time. Neither Crohn’s disease nor UC are contagious or preventable and etiology is unclear, it’s thought to be an autoimmune disorder that causes the body to react abnormally in the intestinal tract. Although Crohn’s disease and UC have similar symptoms, they vary on how the affect the gastrointestinal tract. A required colonoscopy procedure to obtain tissue samples, from the colon, will confirm or rule out any disease process. Once diagnosed, colon cancer increases with both diseases. Special surveillance of colon screening would be

The symptoms of Crohn’s Disease can range from mild to very severe depending on the area of the gastrointestinal tract involved. When a patient’s disease is active, as opposed to being in remission, the most common signs and symptoms of GI inflammation related to Crohn’s Disease are: persistent diarrhea; rectal bleeding; abdominal cramps and pain, which can vary in intensity and may lead to vomiting; an urgent need to move the bowels; the sensation of incomplete evacuation; constipation, which can lead to bowel obstruction; blood in the stool; and mouth sores. Other general symptoms of IBD that can also be associated with Ulcerative Colitis as well as many other diseases, are: fever; loss of appetite; weight loss; night sweats; signs of malnutrition from the digestive tract not being able to properly absorb needed nutrients; anemia; and feeling tired. In addition, while not very common in children under the age of 10, the lack of

The development of IBD is very rare in infancy. Inflammatory bowel disease includes, Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD manifests during childhood or adolescence in up to 25 percent of patients, however, a small percentage of children may present with IBD in infancy. A published data from epidemiological studies and IBD registries in North America and Europe showed that less than one percent of children with IBD present during the first twelve months of life. Even though the numbers are small, Crohn’s disease is more prevalent than ulcerative colitis in these and other studies. It is also common among infants initially diagnosed as ulcerative colitis or indeterminate colitis to have their diagnosis changed to CD during subsequent follow up. IBD with onset in this age group is likely a heterogeneous group of disorders, and has variability in the clinical presentation and prognosis (Kappelman & Grand,

Norovirus and Salmonella are the two most common pathogens, resulting in the most hospitalizations and deaths. Norovirus is a pathogen that infects the stomach and intestines by causing inflammation. Symptoms of norovirus include; nausea/vomiting, diarrhea and stomach pain leading to dehydration causing one to urinate more frequently and feel dizzy while standing up. In order to avoid contracting the Norovirus, the CDC recommends thoroughly washing fruits, vegetables and cooking seafood to appropriate temperatures, which can survive up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit (https://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/preventing-infection.html). Salmonella affects the gastrointestinal tract when bacteria is swallowed, mainly coming from raw food products; eggs,

Severe exacerbations of Crohn’s Disease (CD) requiring acute surgery are rare, and even rarer still are those that occur during pregnancy. The typical age of onset for CD is 15-30 years old, therefore affecting women during their child-bearing years. One review, noted a majority of pregnant patient with IBD were diagnosed prior to pregnancy, however, 4.1% of women with CD were diagnosed during pregnancy. No data suggests that CD is more severe during pregnancy, however, when operative intervention is required; there are unique surgical and anesthesiological considerations.

The patient you are evaluating is a 28-year-old male experiencing lower abdominal discomfort and frequent diarrhea (more than 15 bowel movements per day). He reports he has previously experienced episodes of loose stools but it seems to be getting worse. He also reports having lost 15 pounds in the past month. Both of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's Disease have many but because The colonoscopy reveals inflammation in the rectum, sigmoid colon, ascending colon, and ileum. ulcerative colitis is the chronic inflammation of the large intestine or colon. Crohn's disease commonly affects the area where the small intestine (ileum) joins the colon. Also, the symptoms of Crohn's include diarrhea that occurs for more than 6 weeks, abdominal pain and

Salmonella enterica: is a member of the Enterobacteriacecae family, a rod shape Gram-negative bacterium. After passage through the gastric acid barrier, S. enterica binds tightly to specific receptors of the epithelial cells in small intestine. The receptor interaction activates a cellular response results in transfer of bacterial effector proteins into the epithelial cell, following by uptake of bacterial cell by endocytosis. Invasion of epithelial cells induce an inflammatory response that increases the fluid secretion of epithelial cells, causing diarrhea. [2]

Ulcerative colitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Crohn's disease are all inflammatory bowel disease; that is an umbrella term for a group of disorders in which the intestines become inflamed. An ulcerative colitis is when the colon and large intestines are affected. The symptoms come and go, but typically they are severe stomach cramping, diarrhea, and bloody stools. It is hard to decide if it is a serious medical condition because it can go into remission easily. It is treated with decreasing foods that are hard to digest, taking probiotics, steroids, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Crohn's disease is characterized by intense stomach pain, and occurs in the lower right area. It includes diarrhea, bleeding, anemia, and even fatigue. Gastroesophageal

Diagnostic studies such as, endoscopy, CT scan, abdominal ultrasound, lack intolerance, celiac disease and blood test to rule other symptom cause. Patient can be test for food allergy, bacteria and parasite. Surgery for obstruction and video assist endoscopy. Treatment is individualizes, fibers, antidiarrheal, antispasmodic (reduce muscle) anti-constipation (regulate bowel) sedative and antidepressant (relief anxiety and mood swing) can be used for both IBS and IBD. Similar treatment used in UC can be used in CD to make a differential diagnosis. Stool culture check for infection. Mesalamine products (5-aminosalicylic acid) is treatment of choice. Corticosteroids and immunosuppression to reduce inflammatory process. Severe disorder requires resting and placing the patient on TPN (malnutrition). Surgery if necessary in severe cases of total proctocolectomy, with end ileostomy, ileorectal anastomosis or ileal pouch anal anastomosis for obstruction, hemorrhage and perforation.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be defined as the chronic condition (it is persistent/ long-standing disease) resulting from inappropriate mucosal immune activation. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can start at any age. However, it is frequently seen among teenagers And also among young adults in their early twenties, both genders can be affected by this disease. There are two conditions that traditionally comprise inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease. Comparison between Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease are clinically useful, because distinguishing between the two conditions allow specialists to choose the right management way. Comparison between Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease are

According to a recent study, 126 PRO instruments have been identified which measure a broad range of gastrointestinal symptoms and conditions.14 Prior evaluation and comparison of these instruments demonstrated the two instuments with the highest scores for IBS symptom assessment were the Visceral Sensitivity Index and the IBS-QOL questionnaires. 14

The term Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a general name given to a few disorders that all fall under the category of inflamed intestines (they become red and swollen.) This is usually due to a reaction the body causes against its own intestinal tissue. The two most common types of Inflammatory Bowel Disease are Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD). Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract; however, it more commonly affects the small intestine or colon.

The Center of Disease Control stats that Yersinia Enterocolitica, also known as Y.enterocolitica is an infectious disease amongst humans that is deadly as well as a common disease that could spread throughout the world quickly through foods we consume and could also become deadly. The entirety of this research paper will include the casual agents, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment, along with more in depth details will be discussed about this infectious disease. J. Pathog, the author of the Journal of Pathogens says the discovery of this disease was sixty years ago and was not known as a pathogen until1960 when it became a serious disease.