Symptoms And Treatment Of Mitral Valve Stenosis

The flow of blood through the heart is controlled by four valves. If any are not working correctly, blood cannot flow or be pumped effectively to the heart. The four valves are: the tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, mitral, and aortic semilunar. There are many abnormalities or defects that can affect their operation and in this paper, I will discuss the most common one which is a “mitral valve prolapse.” A valvular prolapse is an abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that causes the valve to not close completely. It is also known as “click murmur syndrome” and “Barlow’s syndrome” and is more prevalent in women than men. It has a strong hereditary

The heart is divided into four chambers, upper left, upper right atrias, lower left and lower right ventricles. The right atrium and ventricle are called the right hearts and the left as the left hearts.  The heart is enclosed in a protective sac, the pericardium, which contains a small amount of fluid. There are

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was first characterized by Barlow and Bosman in the 1960s.(Barlow and Bosman) It was first called Barlow’s Syndrome before being called mitral valve prolapse by Criley (Barlow and Bosman),(Criley et al.). Barlow’s syndrome was diagnosed by electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and chest X-ray.3 The mitral valve apparatus includes tow leaflets, chordae tendineae, anulus, left atrium, papillary muscles and left ventricular wall (Devereux et al.). Mitral valve prolapse involves the leaflets, chordae, annulus and left ventricular wall.(Devereux et al.) The anterior leaflet is relatively long and semi-circular, while the posterior leaflet is shorter in normal patients.(Irvine et al.) Most commonly the posterior leaflet is affected.(Devereux et al.) During systole the leaflet balloons in to the left ventricle.(Devereux et al.) Physically, in a patient with mitral valve prolapse, the leaflet is displaced beyond the mitral anulus.(Levine et al.)

The mitral valve is located on the left side of the heart between the left atrium and left ventricle. The purpose of the mitral valve is to form a seal between these two chambers of the heart to prevent the back flow of blood. When blood enters the left side of the heart, it is oxygenated and enters through the pulmonary veins. The blood then travels through the left atrium; the bicuspid (mitral) valve then opens to let the blood flow down to the left ventricle. The left ventricle contracts, causing the mitral valve to close (preventing the backflow of blood).When the left ventricle contracts it is pumping the blood out to the remainder of the body. (Jenkins, 2007)

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) is also knows as Barlow’s Syndrome or Click Murmur Syndrome and it affects about 2-6% of the United States population. While Mitral Valve Prolapse is one of the most common heart valve abnormality that can develop in any person at any age. It is usually not life-threatening and the patient might not even have symptoms. A patient might feel symptoms such as Fatigue, chest pain, or palpitations, which will cause a doctor to run tests such as an echocardiogram; causing a detection and confirmation of the Mitral valve prolapse. The MVP abnormality is caused when one or both of the mitral valve flaps are enlarged or have extra tissue. Causing the valve leaflets to not close correctly and allow leakage of blood back into

* 31% of all male deaths under the age of 75 (48,000) are caused by cancer.

Although Mitral Valve Prolapse has existed for many years, there are a few facts a person should know while being diagnosed with this disease. Mitral Valve Prolapse is the most common valve abnormality in the U.S (Gillinov 517). About two to three percent of the population has Mitral Valve Prolapse (Gillinov 517). Of that percentage, very few need surgery due to a severe leak (Gillinov 326). If surgical treatment is necessary, a person receiving a non-surgical valve can most likely receive a 20 percent greater chance to live at least 1 year after treatment, compared to patients receiving medication alone (Gillinov 517). This means many people who were born or diagnosed with a valve problem can most likely be diagnosed with Mitral Valve Prolapse over any other heart valve disease. When a father or a mother has Mitral Valve Prolapse, this creates a very high chance when they have a child, the child will be born having

Mitral Valve Prolapse is a common cardiac disorder, affecting two to three percent of the general population annually (Delling & Vasan, 2014). Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is characterized by changes in the mitral leaflet tissue with displacement of the one or both leaflets into the left atrium of the heart. Because the leaflets do not close tightly to seal the valve, they are commonly referred to as being “floppy”. The mitral valve allows blood to flow from the left ventricle into the left atrium of the heart, and when the leaflets become floppy it can cause backflow of the blood, also known as regurgitation (Delling & Vasan, 2014). This backflow of blood, or regurgitation, causes a murmur or turbulent blood flow, which can be heard on auscultation.

Rheumatic heart disease- is as a result of a bacterial infection as a child, resulting in pain in the chest and joints, also affecting heart valve functionality.

Heart disease is the number on killer in the United States. Nearly 787,000 people in the U.S. died from heart disease, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases in 2011. That’s about one of every three deaths in America. About 2,150 Americans die each day from these diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases include those conditions that influence the functionality and structure design of the heart. The American Heart Association has identified cardiovascular disease as one of the leaders in deaths of people in the U.S. An estimate of nearly 801,000 of Americans die every year due to cardiovascular diseases, meaning that there is an average death of one person out of every three caused by heart disease. Research conducted in the year 2017 by the American Heart Association reported that each day, 2,200 Americans die of cardiovascular disease. This means that there

The main source of death for both men and ladies in the US, coronary illness kills around 1 million Americans every year. The most widely recognized type of coronary illness is coronary supply route sickness (CAD), which can prompt to a heart assault.

According to the “(CDC) Center of Disease Control heart disease is the number one leading cause of death in america. If you have heart disease then you have a higher chance of cardiac arrest or a heart attack.”

According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world, responsible for 30% of all deaths globally (WHO) 1 -3 deaths in the U .S. (CDC).

The four valves of the heart are the tricuspid valve, the pulmonic valve, the mitral valve, and the aortic valve. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is responsible for allowing blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle, preventing backflow of blood into the atrium. The pulmonic valve is located between the pulmonary arteries and the right ventricle and is responsible for allowing blood flow from the heart to the lungs. The mitral valve is found between the left atrium and the left ventricle, which allow blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle preventing backflow of blood back into the left atrium. The aortic valve is found between the aorta and the left ventricle and allows blood to flow to the aorta and throughout the body.