Symptoms And Treatment Of Neonatal

Proper collection of blood cultures are necessary and the most direct method of determining whether or not a patient is septic. The purpose of obtaining blood cultures is to identify and isolate the bacteria that are causing an illness and then determine the best course of treatment based on the sensitivity of the bacteria to particular antibiotics. One of the most frustrating problems plaguing hospitals is the increased rate at which blood culture results are being returned as contaminated specimens. These results can lead to a significant increase in cost to the hospital and patient as well as an increased length in hospital

Septic shock is the leading cause of death for patients in intensive care units and is the final stage in a continuum of infectious and inflammatory processes. This continuum begins with bacteremia, which is the presence of bacteria in the blood. Normally the body’s immune system can fight off a localized infection caused by a small amount of bacteria in the blood and the person will remain asymptomatic. However, a hospitalized patient could be immunocompromised, have a

Discuss how the drug dobutamine affects cardiac output. Identify the nursing implications with the administration of this drug.

The number of documented cases has been rising every year. “This may be due to the aging population, the increased longevity of people with chronic disease, the spread of antibiotic-resistant organisms, an upsurge in invasive procedures and broader use of immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic agents” (National Institute of General Medical Sciences, 2014). The mortality rate for sepsis ranges from about thirty percent for patients with sepsis to fifty percent in patients who develop septic shock. Mortality rate varies as to how many organs have been affected. Twenty percent mortality for one organ failure, forty percent for two organs failing, sixty-five to seventy percent for three failed organs, and seventy-five to eighty-five percent when four or more organs have failed. The cost related to sepsis is about seventeen billion dollars per year (about twenty-two thousand dollars per patient), which is six times greater than the cost of patients without sepsis.

Sepsis is defined by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) as “the presence (probable or documented) of infection together with systemic manifestations of infection” (Dellinger et al.,

There is a disease continuum with increasing severity if not treated or not responsive to treatment o Sepsis

Under the Core measures, Sepsis is one of the problem-focused trigger for systemic infection and if untreated which can lead to death. In United States, it is the 11th leading cause of death and consumes the large amount of costs about $20.3 billion in 2011 (Jones et al.,2016). According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 1.5 million people diagnosed with sepsis, and at least 250,000 patients die from that yearly (CDC, 2017). The evidence-based research revealed with results of certain pre existing conditions, pathophysiological studies, preventive measures and sepsis bundle for treating and preventing sepsis to save the life of the patients.

The purpose of this initiative is to decrease and/or eliminate central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Aurora Bay Care Medical Center. Hospital acquired infections, including CLABSI, is a major cause of mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and extra costs for NICU patients (Stevens & Schulman, 2012). The goal of this initiative is to decrease CLABSI by 75% by reducing the number of days lines are in and standardizing the insertion process and line maintenance.

The evolution of this project cultivated from the need of improvement for patients suffering from sepsis at MacNeal Hospital. Sepsis is a potentially fatal host response to infection that occurs as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (Schub & Schub, 2013). I felt it was very important to re-evaluate what I can do as a nurse to improve the expected outcomes of sepsis patients and decrease their length of hospitalization. If a patient is admitted with severe sepsis, it places the patient at a higher level of risk than if he/she was admitted with an acute myocardial infarction or acute stroke (Robson & Daniels, 2013). I became interested in sepsis as my project when I became informed that MacNeal had started a Patients With Sepsis Orders Daily Reports, I decided I could enhance and develop an educational tool to help the case managers, emergency room nurses, and staff nurses with early recognition of sepsis and decreasing the length of stay. Angus and Van der Poll (2013) stated that the United States reported 2% of patients that were admitted to the hospital suffered from severe sepsis.

et al., 2008). Sepsis is a frequent cause of admission to intensive care units (ICUs) and it

A methodical search was undertaken of the databases – PubMed, CINAHL and ScienceDirect to ascertain the most appropriate evidence. Search terms used were “Sepsis Prevention”, “Sepsis Management” “Sepsis Early Recognition” and “Sepsis Detection” and merged using Boolean Logic (Glasper and Rees,

Sepsis is a phenomenon in which an infective agent results in a physiological response in excess of the pathogenic insult. Efforts to define and investigate sepsis have been somewhat fruitful in elucidating the nuances of this phenomenon. Yet, gaps exist in identifying and investigating sepsis. Recent efforts have streamlined the definition and identification criteria of sepsis and septic shock. The treatment of sepsis is based on the elements of identification, hemodynamic interventions (fluid and vasopressor resuscitation), and antimicrobial therapy/source control. A two-tiered approach employing the qSOFA (Quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment) and SOFA (Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment) tools now provide a succinct criteria for sepsis and septic shock. Various approaches may be taken to assess fluid responsiveness, provide fluid resuscitation, and determine the need for vasopressor support. Early, aggressive antimicrobial therapy is essential to the treatment of sepsis. Obtaining source control and considering early surgical

Sepsis is defined as the body’s inflammatory response to an infection and can quickly lead to multiple organ failure and death. Early, goal-directed therapy using the sepsis resuscitation bundle introduced in the “Surviving Sepsis Campaign” is the treatment used throughout the world for sepsis treatment (Winterbottom 2012, pp 247). There are approximately one million cases of sepsis in the United States annually and deaths total more than prostate cancer, breast cancer, and HIV/AIDS combined. Also, more than one-fourth of patients that develop sepsis will develop it on a medical-surgical unit and severe sepsis is the most common cause of

Infants within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are one of the most vulnerable patient population in the hospital. The quality and safety of these patients are at top priority because of their immune systems have not fully developed yet causing them to be at the highest risk for infections. According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2001), quality is defined as “the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge” (Masters, 2005). The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) defines safety as, “the minimization of risk of harm to patients and

Sepsis is a debilitating, potentially life threatening condition that has become a big burden on the health system worldwide. Early recognition and aggressive timely treatment have proven to be life saving interventions. South Miami Hospital (SMH) aims to provide safe care to our community by implementing and utilizing evidence –based guidelines and protocols. According to research, early identification of patients presenting with signs and symptoms of sepsis is crucial to patients’ survival. In order to achieve this goal SMH Emergency Department (ED) implemented a triage sepsis-screening tool, an intervention that as evidenced by research helps to recognize patients at risk for developing sepsis or presenting with this devastating disease.