Synthesis of 1-Bromobutane

prevent solution evaporation which is to cool the flask and doesn 't allow the solution to evaporate. The

17) Pour a small amount of the hot solvent into the flask containing the solid.

Heavy precipitate emerged immediately and solution turned white in color; solution then became opaque and turned light, bright blue in color.

| After hydrochloric acid is added the mg reacts violently with bubbles and heat. Left over is a clear residue.

The objective of this laboratory experiment is to study both SN1 and SN2 reactions. The first part of the lab focuses on synthesizing 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol by using an SN2 mechanism. The obtained product will then be analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and refractive index. The second part of the lab concentrates on how different factors influence the rate of SN1 reactions. The factors that will be examined are the leaving group, Br – versus Cl-; the structure of the alkyl group, 3◦ versus 2◦; and the polarity of the solvent, 40 percent 2-propanol versus 60 percent 2-propanol.

The wet, crude product was placed into the 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask. Small amounts of CaCl2 were added to dry the solution. The flask was sealed and the mixture was swirled and left to settle. Once

Turned back to dark blue liquid, within a few minutes turned to solid and fuchsia

After this, a syringe and needle was used to add 33% hydrobromic acid (0.60 mL, 0.27 g, 3.3 mmol) dropwise to the reaction tube. Furthermore, swirled the reaction tube when 33% hydrobromic acid (0.60 mL, 0.27 g,

After the mixture finished refluxing, the flask was then cooled on ice. A sulfuric acid solution was then prepared by pouring 4.5 mL of concentrated H2SO4 over 50 grams of ice and then diluted to 75 mL by adding enough tap water to reach 75 mL. The sulfuric acid solution was then cooled on ice.

Describe the material floating at the top of the test-tube after the alcohol was added.

Then while in the ice bath for about 29 minutes the clear solution turned a liquid white color. After the substance was dried using a vacuum procedure a white powdered substance remained. The substance was allowed to dry for a day; until

LAB 4: ADDITION REACTIONS OF ALKENES: BROMINATION OF (E)-STILBENE (Preparative) Introduction The first purpose of this lab was to predict the stereoisomeric composition of alkenes brominated through electrophilic addition by creating a reaction mechanism for (E)-Stilbene. The second purpose of this lab was to brominate (E)-Stilbene to Stilbene Dibromide through the aforementioned method. The third purpose of this lab was to ascertain a rough estimate of the ratio

Once cooled, I placed the flask in an ice bath, which formed an orange solid.

* This was troublesome, since the cool water was used to reduce the heat of the reaction.

In a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask, 1.4 g (0.1 mol) of salicylic acid and 3 mL (3.1 g, 0.03 mol) of acetic anhydride were placed, using the acetic anhydride to wash any salicylic acid from the walls of the flask. Afterwards, 5 drops of phosphoric acid were added, which activated the reaction and subsequent mechanism described in Figure 1.A, and the flask containing the mixture was placed on a hot plate for 5 minutes. Quickly after 5 minutes, the flask was removed and 2 mL of water were added, this addition was done in