TWO RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 2.1 Synthesis of 1,3-butadienes Dienes can be synthesised from aldehydes and ketones using the Wittig reaction. The Wittig reaction facilitates the synthesis of new carbon-carbon double bonds at specific locations in aldehydes and ketones (Bernard & Ford, 1983). The overall reaction mechanism is shown in Figure 1. Protocols for synthesising 1,3-butadienes from aldehydes and ketones have been established in the literature. The synthesis protocol proposed by Greatrex et
Stanley Chan The Pennsylvania State University Chemistry 213.1 Synthetic #2 FFR Steam Distillation of Cinnamaldehyde Introduction Arguably, the industry that most utilizes advancements in organic chemistry is the pharmaceutical sector. It is critical to continuously develop new drugs to provide cures and symptom removers for the numerous diseases, ailments, and illnesses still yet to be remedied. Throughout the course of human history, natural products, evolved by biology, have been
surfactants and polymers are therefore employed as coating on the surface to provide high stability via electro static repulsions and steric effects. Several types of polymer and organic layer capped iron oxide nanoparticles have been prepared with cinnamaldehyde, citric acid, starch and oleic acid [7–11]. Stable hydrophilic citric acid coated iron oxide nanoparticles have promising potential in biomedical applications as noted by a safe clinical in- vivo demonstration of citrate-coated iron oxide nanoparticles
1.2 is the structures of adipic acid: Figure 1.2: Molecular structure of adipic acid Commercial adipic acid is one of the purest chemicals produced on a large scale (99.8%) because of the extreme sensitivity of polyamide synthesis to impurities. Typical impurities include other acids such as monobasic acids and lower dibasic acids, nitrogenous materials, trace metals such as iron, heavy metals, and arsenic and hydrocarbon oil. Since the material is odorless and irritant properties