Synthesis of P-Bromoaniline

Discussion: In the synthesis of 1-bromobutane alcohol is a poor leaving group; this problem is fixed by converting the OH group into H2O, which is a better leaving group. Depending on the structure of the alcohol it may undergo SN1 or SN2. Primary alky halides undergo SN2 reactions. 1- bromobutane is a primary alkyl halide, and may be synthesized by the acid-mediated reaction of a 1-butonaol with a bromide ion as a nucleophile. The proposed mechanism involves the initial formation of HBr in situ, the protonation of the alcohol by HBr, and the nucleophilic displacement by Br- to give the 1-bromobutane. In the reaction once the salts are dissolved and the mixture is gently heated with a reflux a noticeable reaction occurs with the development of two layers. When the distillation was clear the head temperature was around 115oC because the increased boiling point is caused by co-distillation of sulfuric acid and hydrobromic acid with water. When transferring allof the crude 1-bromobutane without the drying agent,

Moisten filter paper with a few drops of solvent and turn on water vacuum to fullest extent

The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol and sodium bromide. In order for this reaction to reach completion there are four major operations that need to be performed. The four major operations include refluxing, simple distillation, separation, and drying.

0.1 gram of my product from the second trial was weighed in a tray and was then added to a fourth test tube containing 2.0 mL of Iron (III) chloride, which was measured using a 10 mL graduated cylinder, to test for

The objective of this laboratory experiment is to study both SN1 and SN2 reactions. The first part of the lab focuses on synthesizing 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol by using an SN2 mechanism. The obtained product will then be analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and refractive index. The second part of the lab concentrates on how different factors influence the rate of SN1 reactions. The factors that will be examined are the leaving group, Br – versus Cl-; the structure of the alkyl group, 3◦ versus 2◦; and the polarity of the solvent, 40 percent 2-propanol versus 60 percent 2-propanol.

In this experiment, an alkyne—diphenylacetylene—was prepared by a double dehydrobromination. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and high heat were used to accomplish this. The precipitate of this reaction was collected by vacuum filtration. It was then washed with water and recrystallized using ethanol. The product was then isolated again before the weight was taken for further analysis of percent yield. The melting point was also taken to identify that it was the desired product.

Finally disconnect the tubing and remove the filter paper collecting the solid that has formed on it then allow it to dry

XII. Take the 250 ml beaker to your lab bench. Set up a gravity filtration with a plastic funnel, folded wet filter paper, and an Erlenmeyer flask. Pour the content in the 250 ml beaker slowly through the filter paper. Wash the filter paper with deionized water. Dispose of the filtrate in the proper labeled waste container.

Compare your crude vs. pure product yield. List three reasons why they may be different/same.

Activated charcoal works well for decolorizing a solution because it is composed of carbon, and

An ice bath was prepared in a large beaker and a small cotton ball was obtained. 0.5 g of acetanilide, 0.9 g of NaBr, 3mL of ethanol and 2.5 mL acetic acid was measured and gathered into 50mL beakers. In a fume hood, the measured amounts of acetanilide, NaBr, ethanol and acetic acid were mixed in a 25mL Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar. The flask was plugged with the cotton ball and placed in an ice bath on top of a stir plate. The stir feature was turned on a medium speed. 7mL of bleach was obtained and was slowly added to the stirring flask in the ice bath. Once all the bleach was added, stirring continued for another 2 minutes and then the flask was removed from the ice bath and left to warm up to room temperature. 0.8mL of saturated sodium thiosulfate solution and 0.5mL of NaOH solution were collected in small beakers. The two solutions were added to the flask at room temperature. The flask was gently stirred. Vacuum filtration was used to remove the crude product. The product was weighed and a melting point was taken. The crude product was placed into a clean 25mL Erlenmeyer flask. A large beaker with 50/50 ethanol/water

2000mg/day. If doses >2000mg/day are required, give in 3 divided doses (not to exceed 2500mg/day)

The objective of this experiment is to successfully perform a dehydration of 1-butanol and 2-butanol, also dehydrobromination of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane to form the alkene products 1-butene, trans-2-butene, and cis-2-butene. The dehydration reactions react under and acid-catalysis which follows an E1 mechanism. It was found that dehydration of 1-butanol yielded 3.84% cis-2-butene, 81.83% trans-2-butene, and 14.33% 1-butene, while 2-butanol is unknown due to mechanical issues with the GC machine. For the dehydrobromination, with the addition of a

In this experiment, benzopinacol is to be synthesized through photochemical reaction from benzophenone and benzopinacolone via acid-catalyzed rearrangement of benzopinacol.

Impurities can be removed by adding charcoal to the solution and hot gravity filtration. Adding charcoal provides a charged surface that is able to absorb impurities. The impurities that were absorbed by the charcoal were trapped in the filter paper during hot gravity filtration. Hot gravity filtration is the process by which the solution is filtered while on top of a heat source, such as a steam bath. This will remove any insoluble impurities (like charcoal used to remove the methyl orange) from the solution while maintaining the high temperature and high solubility coefficient of the solution. This prevents the solid from crystallizing from the solution while within the filtering apparatus.