System Failure with India Building Callapse and French Rail Crash

During this part of the report, I will be discussing what problems could occur during each phase (pre-construction, construction, post construction) and how you can go about preventing this from

A Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology document published in 2011, found that the effects of poor housing conditions are costing the NHS around £600 million per year. The document acknowledged some of the housing related hazards that are contributing to poor health, which included mould, damp and excess cold. Poor layout and structural defects were also identified as being a problem, as they can increase the risk of accidents (parliament.uk, 2011).

The collapse of Rana Plaza in 2013 represents the greatest structural disaster in history and illustrates the disregard of the foreign apparel companies Zara and Benneton hold for their laborers by disregarding health standards and ignoring complaints of visible structural cracks. 2,500 people were injured by the collapse of Rana Plaza, with a death toll of 1,130. “Three years have passed and still we don't see any justice. No one has been held to account for one of history's worst man-made disasters," union leader Abul Hossain said at a commemorative protest at the site of the disaster. "This work is unfinished. The memory of the Rana Plaza tragedy and victims serve as constant reminder and motivation to all of us that we must succeed in these efforts," (Zarroli 2) according to a statement from the group. In most cases, like the collapse of Rana Plaza, companies ultimately responsible for the abhorrent working conditions that often lead to human and environmental disasters, choose to offer minimal reparations or, most often, ignore the problem

April 19, 1995, 9:02 a.m: a bomb was set off beneath the Alfred P. Murrah Building. The bomb damaged the structural support beams and the Northern support columns. Half of the building collapsed. 168 people died (Cook 5). Eric McKisick, a district manager, recalls the incident, ¨I made an assumption that, hey, everybody is out, everybody is good, and I left at that point. It wasn't ´till much later that I saw the devastation and understood they didn't respond because they couldn't.” Not only were there a large number of casualties, 300 people were also injured, some of whom were physically impaired for the rest of their life. A child who was in the building at the time of the explosion states, “I have no recollection of that day, but I’m reminded everyday about it because of my breathing problems (Brandes, Heide, Schapiro).”

No steel-beam high-rise had ever before (or since) completely collapsed due to fires! However, such complete and nearly symmetrical collapses in tall steel-frame buildings have occurred many times before—all of them due to pre-positioned explosives in a procedure called “implosion” or controlled demolition. (22)

The construction of the Skyline Plaza in Fairfax County came to a halt early in the afternoon on March 2, 1973. It was originally speculated by the workers on site that the crane assisting in lifting materials to the higher sections of the building failed and fell into the side of the building causing the collapse. However, Author Dov Kaminetsky conducted research alongside the National Bereau of Standards(NBS), and published his book, Design and Construction: Lessons from Forensic Investigations.[2] Kaminetsky provides the conclusion of NBS 's investigation that the collapse was a result of shear construction error. The building began to collapse as construction workers proceeded to remove the concrete shoring between the middle sector of the building, specifically the 22nd and 23rd floor. The shoring process requires the placement of a concrete structure to support a building while under construction to prevent the collapse of the operation. The result of the collapse took the lives of 14 construction workers and 35 other individuals near the building. With proper critique to policies and evaluation of work orders, further disasters may be prevented in the future in the United States. So how did theinvestigationn of the

New York Times reports that this event killing nearly 1100 people, because the building was unstable in their giant cracks in the foundation and walls.

The majority of buildings in Afghanistan fall into the latter category. These buildings are especially dangerous because not only are they vulnerable to collapse, but the construction materials are heavy and cause severe injury or death when falling from modest

In all decision making and process, there are many steps to come to an assured conclusion. Evaluation in the public administration's sector is to realize both the efficient and the impact that issues like "the scratchitti" has on the public through the reaction of the citizens of one city; while still maintain accountability to the citizens, see how things are not working efficiently and how to shift the performances to better it. Hence, this evaluation ought to help analyze and choosing the best approach in ameliorating or fixing the situation; while spending as efficiently and precisely needed money as possible. Although evaluation does not automatically guaranty success, but it helps with the analyzing and elimination process. Through this

An investigation into the design flaw of two floating balconies above the atrium of the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri, is discussed in this report. The following investigation includes a closer look at disputes in design between the engineering consultants and the fabrication company, as well as an examination of load capacity. In the design, three walkways were intertwined between the second, third, and fourth floors above the hotel’s atrium (Leyendecker, E., Marshall, R., Pfrang, E., & Woodward, K., 1982). The second floor’s walkway was suspended from the fourth, which was suspended from the roof. The third floor’s walkway was hanging from the roof of the atrium, independent to the other two. When a collapse occurred on July 17, 1981, the fourth floor, which was suspended from the roof, collapsed and landed on top of the second floor. As a result, both floors crashed into the atrium at ground-level (Leyendecker, E., Marshall, R., Pfrang, E., & Woodward, K., 1982). The main causes of the collapse are questionable engineering ethics, negligence, and disputing agencies. These two factors resulted in a poor foundation with lack of consideration of large stress on the structure (Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse, 2006).

Hazard Analysis: A hazard analysis of the city of New York was determined depending on several risk factor values that included the duration, warning time, spatial extent, probability, and impact. The greater risk was determined by a higher risk factor. Some of the human-caused, natural, and technological hazards recorded included landslides, wild fires, earthquakes, canal failure, dams, landslides, drought, volcanic eruptions, the wind, tornadoes, lightning, severe storms, civil disturbances, cyber disruptions, radiological and hazardous material (Hoffman,

Throughout history we can see that housing has followed certain trends. These trends are most heavily influenced by the technology available to the public at that time. As can be seen throughout history, living conditions in general have improved, as there are more access to resources and building technologies. Although the world we live in has changed greatly, the basic type of shelter needed for everyday life and the resources needed to construct them has changed very little. This is why we can see a lot of parallels between the ways people live throughout history. However, the biggest change is in the way we construct buildings and especially housing. History has taught us that as time goes by, technology increases, making it easier for us to build structures. For example the Egyptians relied solely on Adobe (sun dried mud bricks) and slave labor for construction. Then came the development of hydraulic lime mortar, the Treadwell cranes (which is a wooden, human powered hoisting and lowering device) as well as the start of domes and arches, as structural components in architecture. Followed by the Middle Ages, which saw a huge emphasis on the construction of massive public buildings such as Cathedrals, Churches, Fortifications

The first dimension of housing is the material dimension. This dimension is about the physical structure of the house and includes things such as if it is big enough for the people living in it and whether it is disrepair. Many researchers have argued that having a decent, safe and healthy house is necessary to one’s well-being and stability, whereas inadequate housing leads to excessive mental

The first lesson that Halamka learned is do not hesitate to contact experts. This is the most important lesson that the CareGroup’s IT team have to learnt. They waited one day after the systems had collapsed to call in Cisco. And during the day they have tried to fix the network by themselves without knowing what is the main and basic cause of the problem was.

Every business and organization can experience a serious incident which can prevent it from continuing normal operations. This can happen any day at any time. The potential causes are many and varied: flood, explosion, computer malfunction, accident, grievous act... the list is endless.