Taking a Look at Dextromethorphan

The purpose of this lab is to investigate the composition of a compound suspected to be Panacetin, a type of pain-killer. Panacetin is typically made up of sucrose, aspirin, and acetaminophen, but the third component in this experiment is unknown. The unknown component is suspected to be a chemical relative of acetaminophen, either acetanilide or phenacetin. Using techniques such as extraction, evaporation, and filtration, the three components will be isolated based on their solubilities and acid-base properties. Then, the percent composition of Panacetin can be deduced based on the masses of the three dried components. The

2. Describe any evidence that a chemical reaction occurred when you added 6 M HCl to the solution of sodium acetylsalicylate (the conjugate base of aspirin) and explain why they took

Pre-Lab: Analgesic drugs are known for reducing pain, while antiseptic drugs reduce symptoms such as fevers and swelling. However, some of these drugs can reduce both illnesses. To obtain a pure compound in these drugs, the scientist needs to separate the desired compound by taking advantage of the different physical and chemical properties. Such as; different boiling points, melting points and their solubility properties. To do this a chemist can also asses the differences between acidic and basic substances when they are added to water soluble mixtures. Within this current experiment I will asses the

Separation and Purification of the Components of an Analgesic Tablet. Cora Bruno, Lab Section E. Aspirin, Caffeine and Acetaminophen were separated from four analgesic tablets of Excedrin using extraction techniques. 5% wt/vol NaHCO3, 4M HCL, ethyl acetate and deionized water were used to separate the three active components. MgSO4 was used to dry each extraction. Aspirin was isolated using a hot water bath and weighed to determine the percent theoretical recovery and the actual percent recovery of aspirin. After separation, Aspirin (ASA), Caffeine (CAF), and Acetaminophen (ACE) were purified and identified using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Standards and purified ASA, CAF, and ACE were spotted on the silica gel (stationary phase) of the

The vial was removed from the heat and cooled to room temperature. The spin vane was rinsed with 2-3 drops of warm water over the conical vial. The vial was cooled to room temperature then placed in an ice bath for 15 minutes. The liquid was decanted from the mixture and the resulting crystals were dried on filter paper. The crystals were then placed on a watch glass for further drying. The crystals were weighed and a small sample was placed into a capillary tube for melting point determination.

Theophylline is one example of xanthine that is usually used to treat bronchial asthma through relaxing the airways. However, this drug may cause severe adverse effects because of its level in the blood. Thus, it is important to teach patient about the use of theophylline. Teach a patient that theophylline can help him to breath easier, decrease wheeze and short of breath if taken exactly as prescribed. The nurse should also tell the patient take the drug of an empty stomach with a full 8-ounc glass of water. If patient has a severe GI problem such as GI upset, nausea, vomiting, heartburn when taking the drug on an empty stomach, the patient may take the drug with food. The patient should swallow all the enteric-coated or time-release capsules. Educating the patient about other common effect of the drug includes restlessness, nervousness, and difficulty in sleeping because of the need of the body to adjust to the usage of this drug. The patient should not take any other stimulant in order to reduce the effect of theophylline on CNS. The nurse should tell the patient that a headache will go away as the patient get used to the drug. However, the patient should notify his physician if the headache is getting worse. The patient should also report any vomiting, severe abdominal pain, tachycardia, confusion, unusual tiredness, muscle twitching, rash, or hives to the physician. There are many drug and food interaction, thus the patient should consult with the doctor about his diet while using theophylline. Additionally, the patient should consult his smoking habit and the use of any over-the-counter medication with the physician. Lastly, the patient should always tell any health care provider in his care about the use of theophylline and to keep the medication in a safe place (Karch, 2013, p.

(2000), where high (50 μg/mL) and low (5 μg/mL) concentrations of remifentanil were added to 10 mg/mL propofol. The point at which remifentanil or propofol stability was deemed unsuitable was when 90% of its original concentration remained (Stewart et al. 2000). It was found that the high remifentanil concentration remained stable for longer, and that the mixture had greater stability when stored in the syringes. A recent study conducted by the authors observed the effect of mixing a range of remifentanil concentrations (10 – 50 μg/mL) in a stable 10 mg/mL of propofol in glass over 24 hours, as well as the effect of reconstituting remifentanil in a 0.9% saline solution in order to decrease pH. The results of this investigation found that a remifentanil concentration of 2 μg/mL in 10 mg/mL of propofol was the most stable, and that reconstituting remifentanil with 0.9% saline solution did have a significant positive effect on the degradation of

Table 1 presents the biodistribution profile (image ROI derived ID/g of tissue) of 68Ga- dicarboxylate dextran in normal rats. The highest uptakes were observed in the heart (blood inside), liver, kidneys and the lungs. Like 68Ga-dextran, a significant uptakes were observed at the bone and cartilage. Compared to the biodistribution of 68Ga-dextran, there is a significant decrease in uptake in the lungs and increased uptake in the kidneys. The high uptake of 68Ga-dextran in the lungs had been attributed to the probable existence of the 68Ga-Dextran precipitate formed in alkaline condition. However, the 68Ga-dicarboxylate dextran was prepared in the mild condition and has high solubility in water. That's why the lungs uptake has sharply decreased.

This report on dextromethorphan abuse presents a case study, and reviews the pharmacology and anesthetic outcomes of this highly abused drug. The main point emphasized by the authors is that the administration of vasoactive drugs should be attempted with attentiveness in dextromethorphan abusers due to the possibility for drug interactions. Preoperative management in chronic and acute dextromethorphan abusers undertaking surgery is presently unidentified. However, since chronic abusers may suffer from withdrawal symptoms, it maybe advantageous for them to be treated for detoxification and substance abuse first so they can practice abstinence from the dextromethorphan before operation is considered.

If you are having a bad cold with constantly cough and sneeze, what would you do? The first thing you probably will do is find a pharmacy and buy some non-prescription drugs, like Nyquil and Robitussin. All most everyone think that is the best way to cure annoying cold but do you know there is big risk behind these drugs? Yes, many people addicted to these drugs, especially some teenagers. Now it’s time get to know the common but special ingredients in most cough and cold medicine ---DXM or dextromethorphan.

There are millions of people across the country that are addicted to prescription drugs. The numbers are steadily rising. The fact is that a number of people are addicted to Dexedrine. This is a highly addictive drug that us commonly prescribed for narcoleptic patients that suffer with a sleep problem and ADHD patients with an hyperactive disorder. The fact is that Dexedrine is a highly addictive drug that is commonly abused by millions daily. Athletes take it to boost energy. Students take it to stay up and study all night. Certainly, it is important for them to seek treatment as soon as possible at a Dexedrine addiction treatment center.

There are several programs put in place to assist medical professionals with understanding the repercussions of over prescribing medications. I myself work in EMS and there was recently a huge push to require EMS workers to contact medical control, the doctor that over sees the EMS service, before giving narcotics to manage pain. I see where this can be helpful, but in the field, there is not a lot of time to stop working to call the doctor and present our findings just to get permission to use medications. With a lot of hard work and pushback by EMS services, there was recently a bill passed exempting us from that law. There is still a lot of training opportunities for medical professionals out there though. A simple Google search will

The sedative strategy for critically ill patients has emphasized light sedation with daily awakening and assessment for neurologic, cognitive, and respiratory functions, since SCCM guidelines were presented in 2002 and concerns on adverse effects associated with oversedation emerged [6-8]. However, traditional sedatives have some limitations as safe drugs for this strategy due to their unfavorable pharmacokinetic [9] or detrimental adverse effects that include lorazepam-associated propylene glycol intoxication [10] and propofol infusion syndrome [11]. Thus, there are growing interests on DEX as a possible alternative.

The word cancer strikes fear into the hearts of many people and their loved ones. Millions of people are diagnosed every year and they put their full trust into their doctors to make the best decisions and offer the most effective treatment. However people tend to be more frightened of the treatment itself because traditional cancer therapies produce scary symptoms such as vomiting, pain, and hair loss. The treatments leave patients feeling extremely weak and fatigued. Most patients believe that these drug treatments are the best and only option to cure them. There is a better safer alternative treatment that the FDA might be hiding from the public. This alternative treatment is called amygdalin although it is also known under the term the

There are many different methods of dispersing and accumulating data from subject self-reports, but for the purpose of this research proposal we have elected to adopt a method used in relatively recent study published by the Journal of Drug Issues entitled: “Substance Use, Drug Treatment, and Crime: An Examination of Intra-Individual Variation in a Drug Court Population”.