Taking a Look at Genus Dehalococcoides

There are many differents ways to identify a bacterial unknown and many different situations where identification would be beneficial. One way to identify bacterial unknowns is to perform biochemical tests. In this experiment multiple biochemical tests were done, by performing these tests on the bacterial unknown received the two different bacteria were then identified. The citrate test is done to test the ability of organisms to use citrate as a carbon source. This test uses Simmons citrate agar, the agar contains sodium citrate as the only carbon source and has bromothymol blue as the pH indicator. The organisms that use citrate as a carbon source use the enzyme to transport the citrate into the cell. The cells converts ammonium dihydrogen

See Table 1 and Flow Chart 1 for results of Bacteria # 1 and Table 2 and Flow Chart 2 for results of Bacteria # 2.

To this day scholars offer a number of different interpretations of Euripides’ The Bacchae. This essay will argue the centrality of ‘sophia’ (wisdom) and its opposite ‘amathia’, similar to the interpretation offered by Arrowsmith and Dodds: that the central idea of The Bacchae is that wisdom – possession of humility, acceptance and self-knowledge, encompassed by the Greek word ‘sophia’ – is the greatest and most necessary quality humanity can possess in the face of godly power. In particular this essay will focus on how the central idea is communicated through the convergence of characters and dialogue in Euripides’ The Bacchae.

The first result of importance was the result of the Gram stain. The observations of the unknown bacteria from the slant culture after Gram staining showed that the unknown bacteria were Gram negative bacilli (Image 1). After determining the unknown bacteria was Gram negative, an oxidase test was conducted on a sample from the slant culture. The cotton swap with the sample of bacteria did not change color when the oxidase reagent was applied, thus providing a negative result. With a negative oxidase test, further tests were conducted to determine various characteristics of the unknown bacteria. A MR-VP broth was inoculated with a sample from a slant culture of unknown bacteria. After incubation, the methyl red reagent was added to the broth, and the broth turned red, providing a positive result (Image 2). An EMB agar streak plate was inoculated with a sample from a slant culture of the unknown bacteria, and after incubation, growth was found on the plate, providing a positive result (Image 3). A Citrate agar slant was inoculated, and after incubation, growth was found on the media, providing a positive result (Image 4). A Urea agar slant was inoculated, and after incubation, the agar had changed from a peach color to a bright pink color, providing a positive result (Image 5). Using the flowchart (Figure 1) developed from the Table of Expected Results, the lab partners started at the oxidase test. Given the negative result of the oxidase test, the flowchart is

In this experiment, we were given a sample of an unknown bacterium and asked to classify it based on its physical and metabolic properties. We hypothesized that the unknown organism was Alcaligenes faecalis, a motile Gram-negative bacillus that resides in water, soil, blood, urine, and feces (Herrera n.p.) It was first isolated in 1896 by Petruschky, who

Micrococcus luteus was first isolated and discovered in 1929 by Alexander Fleming. Is a gram positive bacteria that is commonly found on human skin, water, soil and dust. Since it is an obligate aerobe and thrives in the presence of oxygen, it is also found in the human respiratory tract. It takes the shape of cocci and is often clumped irregularly, in tetrads, or groups of four. It is also non-motile and does not form endospores. Although it has a specific optimal temperature range of about 37 to 45 degrees Celsius, it is halophilic. Micrococcus luteus is also catalase positive, meaning that it produces an enzyme that protects it from any harmful oxygen metabolism by-products (Bergey, 1923).

Unknown 12 was oxidase negative. Three drops of Kovac’s reagent was added to a colony growing on the edge of the plate. The enzyme oxidase, reacts with oxygen and the Kovac’s reagent to cause a purple edging affect in a positive result. There was no effect regarding unknown 12, therefore oxidase was not present making it a negative result. This bacterium grew in both room air and Brewar’s jar.

The objective of the investigation was to perform multiple experiments that would lead to the identification of an unknown bacteria. This bacteria was causing a urinary tract infection on a patient. A sample of the bacteria causing the infection was received and analyzed. The first step was to isolate the bacteria to insure that sample was free of contamination. A MAC plate, a PEA plate, along with a Nutrient agar plate where used to produce pure colonies by using the quadrant streak method on each plate. After a 24 hour incubation period the colonies where isolated. The bacteria collected was inoculated into slants, nutrient broth for cultivation. A sample from the MAC plate and the PEA plate were collected and gram

Deinococcus radiodurans is a member of the bacteria kingdom, belonging to the phylum Deinococcus-Thermus, and more specifically, the Deinococus genus. It is spherical in shape, and approximately 1.5 to 3.5 µm in diameter. It is usually found in tetrad formation: where four individual cells stick together. D. radiodurans isn 't known the cause any diseases, nor does it form endospores, and it stains gram positive. It is non-motile, and an obligate aerobic chemoorganoheterotroph. What makes D. radiodurans so unique, is its ability to withstand ionizing radiation, UV light, desiccation, and even oxidizing and reducing agents. When D. radiodurans was first discovered in 1956 by Arthur Anderson, it showed only a fraction of its amazing survivability. While Anderson was performing experiments to determine if canned food could be purified when exposed to high doses of gamma radiation: the meat still spoiled and from it D. radiodurans was isolated. Due to the fact that D. radiodurans can survive in such toxic situations, and that it is found in a wide variety of environments, scientists have long been toying with the idea of using D. radiodurans for bioremediation.

Morganella morganii is a gram-negative bacillus with no special arrangement. It is the third member of the tribe Proteeae. This bacterium was first discovered in the year 1906 by a British bacteriologist by the name of He. De R. Morgan. In the late year of 1939, the bacterium was named Proteus morganii, and again changed some years later due to findings that this bacterium did not obtain the ability to ferment all carbohydrates like the genus Proteus was capable of doing. Instead, researchers found the bacterium to have the capabilities of ferment only glucose and therefore its name had been changed one final time to Morganella (its own genus) morganii. While testing M. morganii, findings show that it has its own special characteristics that differ from the usual Proteea. M. morganii does not swarm on a nutrient agar plate like the typical Proteus would. It also does not produce the black precipitate found in Hydrogen Sulfide gas tests. M. morganii produces phenylalanine deaminase, which is the enzyme that wipes out the amino group, resulting in a phenyl pyruvic acid. It is a facultative anaerobe meaning that it is capable of producing energy in the form of ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present in its environment. If oxygen is not present in the environment, the bacteria is fully capable of producing energy in anaerobic environments as well. Morganella morganii can be found in the soil, water, and feces. The bacteria is a common resident to the

It is a gram-positive soil organism. Arthrobacter sp. will grow and divide in nutrient- rich soil. They are rod- shaped, tan to yellow in color, and smooth and glossy in colonies. Under normal conditions, they can grow rapidly and divide once every 2-3 hours (Poxleitner, M, et al). This bacterium is tolerant to multiple metals and it is extremely resistant to elevated concentrations of chromate It is also used in the number of carbon sources for growth including glucose, fructose, lactate, succinate, malate and hydrocarbons (Nakatsu, C, et al). In the SEA Phage Project, Arthrobacter sp. would be helping to create more bacteriophage to continue on completing the main objective of this

Pathogens such as small pox decimated Native American populations who had no immunity to Old World diseases. Combined with forced by the Spanish and disruption of native environments, these diseases reduced the native population to about one tenth of its former standings, hence rendering priory self-sufficient communities almost extinct. (Therefore trampling years of natives’ progress)

Prokaryotes are ubiquitous, successfully adapting to diverse environments as well as developing symbiotic relationships with host organisms (Lengeler, Drews, & Schlegel, 1999). Prokaryotes may have both autotrophic and heterotrophic characteristics. A cyanobacteria is photosynthetic, commonly called blue-green algae, and may produce toxins (Crayton, 1993). Bacteria are most commonly associated in the general

The purpose of this lab was to identify the species of an organism from a given TSB broth culture. Each student was given an unknown sample, and each sample had an assigned ‘sample number’ for post-lab verification by the professor. My sample number was #18. A list of possible organisms was given before any tests were run and a chart with the accepted test results for each organism was given as well. To correctly identify the organism, multiple biochemical tests were performed until enough test results were collected to single out the correct organism from the given list. Also given at the beginning of the lab was each samples results for the VP test (negative for

The bacteria that was contained within Unknown tube #12 is believed to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Figure 1. The bacteria tested to be Gram Stain negative, producing a pink, red color retained from the staining process. When the species of bacteria was plated on nutrient media, the cells produced an irregular and spreading configuration as shown in Figure 2. This same plating test provided the margins and elevation, lobate and hilly, respectively. The specimen was stabbed in a Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (FTM) tube using an inoculated loop of the bacteria. The results of this experimentation indicate the type of oxygen requirement of the bacteria. The test found the bacteria to be aerobic as colonies of the bacteria began to form along the top of the FTM tube (Manual 2017).