Taking a Look at Relational Databases

The knowledge base consists of information regarding the user behavior and ADL that include self-care tasks, household duties, and personal management actions. It specifies the task to be carried out and the actions to be performed. The relational database presents a natural association between the two elements of the decision support system, and the use of the database to additionally represent a novel approach to knowledge engineering (KE) for planning.

The idea of relational database was first introduced by E.F.Codd at IBM in 1970. It is a kind of computer database in which data is stored in Relations and is represented in the form of tables with rows and columns. Databases can vary in sizes, ranging from very small and simple to very large and complex ones. Database users can access the data practically in an unlimited number of ways. Relational databases help in finding the information in a quick and efficient manner that one is looking for.Today many popular databases use the model of relational database.

SQL (Structured Query Language) is a programming language designed for managing data in relational database management systems (RDBMS). The most typical uses of SQL involve applications where a user must input certain information that references a database. Some types of SQL applications are login pages, search pages, looking up account information, or other such types of uses. SQL has several language elements including clauses, expressions, predicates, queries, statements, and some insignificant white space. In today's society, RDBM systems must handle enormous amounts of data. Not only must they be able to store, reference, and retrieve data from the systems, they must also be able to do it quickly.

Though non-relational databases have been around since the 1960s, many companies have used relational databases to store data[2] but over the past decade with companies generating vast amounts of data, relational databases are unable to effectively manage these large data collections[1]. An ever increasing amount of companies is now, however, turning to non-relational databases known as NoSQL databases as they are more effective at handling these large amounts of data thus the reason we have seen an increase in its popularity over the past decade[2]. The term NoSQL database which stands for Not Only SQL[3] is defined as a database that

Introduction: A company called Ian’s & Co currently employs a team of IT technicians to manage their IT infrastructure and also support the IT users. Also quite recently the company has taken over a similar but a smaller company which is also employs technical support staff in the same way.

When we design a database for a relational system, the main objective in the development of a logical data model is to create an accurate representation of the data its relationship and constraints. The data should be split in different tables, which can then be joined together based on their relations with each other and the data found in each one of them. These tables should therefore be designed well to save on space and ensure that cases on data inconsistency are eliminated. Another aspect, which will be saved on, is space that is occupied by repetitive data.

Relational databases play a major role in making many apps and programs work. They provide an easy way to store large amounts of data in a consistent, non duplicating, and maintainable way to be used by developers for analytical or software use ("Advantages of a relational database", n.d.). However, more and more applications and companies with a tremendous amount of data such as search engines, social networks, and e-commerce sites have been requiring a level of speed and scalability that relational databases can not provide ("Why NoSQL?", n.d.). NoSQL is a name given to a quickly growing type of database known as non-relational databases, which are being used to store and manage huge amounts of structured, semi-structured, and non-structured data known as "Big Data" ("Why NoSQL?" n.d.). With the advent of social networks and apps with millions of users, the rate of growth of non-structured and semi-structured data is exponential, and the value in being able to quickly traverse it, analyze it, and use it for development is also growing quickly (McGuire, Manyika, & Chui, 2012).

In order to understand NoSQL databases, chapter two will describe the most significant features of NoSQL databases for solving the above mentioned requirements. Since the relational data model is not suitable for some use cases, chapter three will explain structure and flexibility of different data models offered by NoSQL databases. Chapter four will compare two of the widely used NoSQL databases which are MongoDB and Cassandra.

A relational database is a collection of data which organized into a set of tables that can be accessed in multiple ways without having to reorganize the tables’ oftenly.Relational Database was proposed by Edgar Codd around the time 1969.It has become prevalent for commercial applications. In the 20th century there were countless Relational Database System (RDBMS) take for instance: IBM.DB2 and Oracle.

In this report I am going to explain what a database is, features of a relational database, and the benefits of a relational database, purpose of primary keys and how they are used to build relationships, and I am also going to focus on, what are foreign keys and how they are been used, explain referential integrity and finally, how to apply referential integrity. I am also going to backed up my views and opinions with the valid references.

A relational database is a group of data which classified into a set of tables that can be accessed in several ways without having to reconstruct the tables’ oftenly.Relational Database was proposed by Edgar Codd around the time 1969 since then it has become very prevalent for commercial applications. In the 20th century there were countless Relational Database System (RDBMS) ,take for instance: IBM.DB2 and Oracle.

Challenges: As Marcos explained: “A relational database wasn’t satisfying our requirements about performance and simplicity, due the complexity of our queries.” To address this, Marcos’ team decided to use Neo4j, a graph database, for which category Neo4j is the market leader.

Today, interconnected networks around the globe stream data to a profusion of devices that range from powerful mainframe supercomputers, and massive grids of commodity machines to smartphones and tiny single-board computers embedded in home appliances. Most of the flow of data is done through the Internet or over other large TCP/IP networks that utilize HTTP communications. For that reason, most of this data is in a semi-structured state that is designed not for storage in a relational database, but for communication over HTTP. This data often arrives and leaves in a voluminous stream. It is therefore difficult for organizations to convert the data quickly to and from a format that is conforms to the rigid tabular structure of a relational schema.

Boolean (yes/no)- This is a data type that restricts the record to only two choices, either yes or no.

The modern RDBMS advancements are not capable of supporting unstructured information with ideal space necessity. The plan winds up plainly mind-boggling and is henceforth troublesome for designers. The requirement for unstructured information administration is so annoying with conventional RDBMS arrangements (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 - 2018). Moreover, RDBMS turns out to be an exorbitant answer for creating light-footed web applications with direct information investigation necessities. NoSQL is developing as a proficient possibility in this situation, which connects the issues related with RDBMS innovation. The market development can credit to creative dispatches of NoSQL arrangements, and collective endeavors by NoSQL sellers and clients. The endeavors of organizations, to enhance their market offerings, are creating the request of NoSQL, as a back-end bolster (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 - 2018). The emergence of agile software development is creating the demand for NoSQL (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 - 2018). They offer users much more avenues to accept data in many different forms. NoSQL is adaptable as SQL but offers many more uses that can apply to many organizations.