Tap Water Lab Report

The experiment was begun by obtaining four 8 oz. Styrofoam cups and punching a hole through the bottom of them. This hole was for water entry or excess water drainage. Moistened soil was packed to the 1/2 full line in the cup along with 3 fertilizer pellets The cups were labeled the following: Rosette-H20, Rosette-GA, Wild-Type-H2O, and Wild-type- GA.(Handout 1) A small wooden applicator stick was obtained a moistened at the tip with water from the petri dish labeled ‘water.’ This was to be able to attract the seed to the applicator in order to place the seed from its original container into

They were labeled A, B and C. A 10 mL graduated cylinder was used to pour 10 mL of water into beaker A. Then, 5 mL of water and 5 mL of vinegar were mixed and poured into beaker B. In addition, 5 mL of water and 5 mL of sodium bicarbonate solution were poured into beaker C. Afterwards, pH paper was cut into three separate strips (1 inch each) and dipped into each solution. The pH results were recorded in Table 1. Then, three resealable bags were labeled A, B and C. Subsequently, the outline of a petri dish was traced, cut out and placed into the petri dish top and bottom pieces. Then, the 10 mL water solution was poured onto the paper towel in the first petri dish. After that, 25 radish seeds were arranged on the paper towel in the petri dish. The seeds were spread out with enough space between each one. After verifying that none of the seeds were touching, the dish was placed into bag A. The process was then repeated for the diluted vinegar solution and the sodium bicarbonate solution. However, the diluted vinegar solution petri dish was placed into bag B and the sodium bicarbonate solution petri dish was placed into bag C. The petri dishes were placed in a sunny, well-lit, warm place. The seeds were observed daily for 7 days and the results were recorded in Table

Table 2: Consists of color extract taken from a red cabbage for a natural indicator. The pH reading that was measured by using the pH meter and the result of the pH reading to determine whether the solution was acidic or basic.

Right after all the seeds were germinated in petri-dishes they were put into pots, covered with soil, and labeled to prevent confusion.

The purpose of this experiment is to observe the natural process of osmosis using drops of sheep’s blood in various saline solutions. Since the cell membrane is a selective membrane, the water goes in and out freely but a solute such as NaCl it cannot freely move in or out. Osmosis is a passive process that doesn’t require the input of energy to transport water molecules across a membrane. The channels that allow water to enter or leave a cell are known as aquaporin. Using aquaporin, water moves from a solution with a low solute concentration to a solution with a higher solute concentration. This process continues until equilibrium in solute concentration is established between a cell and its environment.

As we know that osmosis means diffusion or dispersion of water through a selectively permeable membranes from high concentration to a lower concentration and there are many different factors that can affect the rate of Osmosis such as temperature particle size and the size of concentration ingredient. As we know that higher temperature can cause osmosis to occur at much faster rate because a molecule are more likely to pass through the selectively permeable membrane quicker than they would at a lower temperature. In this experiment the sucrose molecule was too large to pass through the dialysis bag, while water molecule able to move freely in and out due to their small size. Lastly the congregation gradient can greatly affect the rate of osmosis

The purpose of the sludge lab is to separate many substances that Mr. Beaver gave us from each other and possibly identify them. To do this, Shelstie and Abshir will use different techniques such as filtration, distillation, paper chromatography, and more. It is important to know characteristic properties. Characteristic properties are a substance that has the same result and the amount of the substance doesn’t affect it. For example, in distillation, they would need to figure out what substances boils at this certain degree. For the sludge lab, they will measure boiling point, density, flammability, and more. They need to measure characteristic properties because only one substance has that characteristic property.

A) Based on the data we got some groups had coliforms in their FR water sample but others did not. The same thing occurred with the ML water sample. This was determined by letting the bacteria grow colonies on an EMB plate and these colonial growths indicated that there were coliforms present in the water.

Tools used in this experiment include an electronic scale, a Mohr pipette, a micropipette, test tubes, a bowl of ice, a mortar and pestle, and a ruler. Materials needed include liver extract from bovine liver, water (distilled and regular), hydrogen peroxide, apple cider vinegar, baking soda, and pH paper. In order to achieve and determine our results, we prepared 6 test tubes, each with 2.0 mL of hydrogen peroxide (3% H2O2). We then added 2.0 mL of distilled water into 2 test tubes making that our controlled substance, 0.22g of baking soda into another test tube, 0.24g baking soda into a 4th test tube, and 8.0 mL of apple cider vinegar into the last test tube. The 2 test tubes with the baking soda were used as our basic solution and the 2 test tubes with the apple cider vinegar were used as our acidic solution.

Title: Dilution Abstract: As the wavelength is increased absorbance will start at low and get higher before curving to low numbers again, while transmittance will go from high numbers to low number and curve back to high numbers. This was tested by placing a sample in a spectrometer and changing the wavelength. The absorbance and transmittance were recorded for each wavelength change.

Activity 3: Osmosis Osmosis is a specific type of diffusion. It is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration. Semipermeable membranes, such as the cell membrane, allow the unrestricted movement of water across the membrane, at the same time restricting the movement of solute molecules and ions. It has been estimated that an amount of water roughly equivalent to 250 times the volume of the cell diffuses across the red blood cell membrane every second. Despite this large movement of water molecules, the cell does not lose or gain water, because equal amounts go in and out.

ecently in Biological Sciences 150 Lab we have been learning about osmosis. Osmosis is the net movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane. A selectively permeable membrane is a membrane that only lets through smaller solutes and prohibits large solutes to pass through. You can measure the pressure of the water in a cell, the measurement is called tonicity. Tonicity is the measure of osmotic pressure, therefore relative tonicity is a cell at an isotonic stage.

Obtain 40 solo cups to use in order to plant the seeds. Next, obtain a large bag of potting soil and put enough soil in so that half of the cup is filled with soil. Then, obtain a marker and masking tape, and label each of the cups before putting the seeds in. Every ten plants will be used to test a different variable. The first ten will be labeled with control, and 1 through 10.

The main objective of the distillation lab was to identify the composition of an unknown binary solution. The only known component is that the boiling point of the two components were at least 40˚C apart in boiling points. Due to the difference in boiling points, fractional distillation would be an easy way to determine the identity of each component of the binary solution. In the experiment, 30mL of the unknown binary solution was ran through the fractional distillation apparatus. As the solution boiled, gas from the unknown solution ran through the column, which had a temperature gradient to allow rapid and repeated distillations, and one of the components were isolated. By recording the temperature and amount of

Thus, size and source of the explants must take into consideration as well as the plant genotype (Smith, 2013). Smith has stated that smaller size explant is harder to culture compare to the larger explants where it contain enough nutrient and plant growth hormone to support its growth. He also added that plant material that is taken from the field is more contaminated compared to the plant material that taken from greenhouse. As mentioned by Beryl (2000), the media, explants, culture vessels and apparatus used should be maintained in sterilized condition to ensure an ideal medium for the culture to growth. The tissue is washed with the warm soapy water and rinse in tap water to remove surface contaminants. Tween 80 and Tween 20 can then be added to further sterilized the plant and then rinse three times with the sterilized distilled water (Daud, Jayaraman, & Mohamed, 2012). Ethyl and isopropyl alcohol also been used to surface sterilize the plant tissue (Bhojwani & Razdan, 1996). Autoclaving at 121°c with a pressure of 15psi for 15 min is used for sterilized the equipment such as scalpel, needle, forceps and the media (Beryl, 2000). The aseptic procedure should be carried in the Laminar flow hood with the high standard of air filtration (Street, 1973). According to Dodds and Roberts (1985), laminar flow hood is designed to direct a gentle flow of ultra filtered sterile air to minimizing the airborne contamination. Thus, a