Teaching Project . Part 1: Assessing Health Education Needs

The participants in the home-based educational interventions will be encouraged to purchase automated home blood pressure monitoring devices. All the patients will use similar devices and will be taught how to take BP readings and record the readings correctly. A registered nurse will visit the patients on a weekly basis to validate the BP monitoring techniques and review the recorded BP readings. The participants will also be educated on the importance of adherence to medications even when HTN symptoms seem under

Modern medical advancements have significantly decreased the prevalence and severity of infectious disease as well as the treatment of acute, traumatic conditions. Pharmacological research has also gained insight into the management of chronic disease. Still, there is an epidemic of chronic, treatable diseases like stroke, heart disease, and kidney disease. Hypertension proves to be the underlying factor associated with these diseases. Hypertension is often referred to as the silent killer because of its indication in deadly disease, and the importance of monitoring ones blood pressure is vital. Lifestyle, diet, and genetic predisposition are all factors of high blood pressure. Chronic high blood pressure above safe levels, known as hypertension, puts elevated physical stress on the renal and cardiovascular systems. By controlling this factor in patients, healthcare providers can decrease cardiovascular events, improve health outcomes, and decrease overall mortality. Patient education is often overlooked in its role in the control and prevention of high blood pressure. This paper analyzes the causes and physiology behind high blood pressure as they relate to the current nursing interventions. The role of nurses is discussed in relation to patient education regarding high blood pressure, and educational approaches are analyzed.

The evaluation of the evidenced based research articles on hypertension, its risk factors and management have demonstrated that effective management of hypertension requires adequate blood pressure control for cardiovascular events prevention (Margolis, et al, 2015). The articles reviewed declared that home blood pressure management in combination with nurse-led hypertension management program is effective in blood pressure control in adult patients in the outpatient settings (Bosworth, et al., 2012; Hebert, et al, 2012; Jackson, et al., 2012; Shaw, et al., 2014; Zhu, Wong, & Wu,

Because hypertension can be asymptomatic, it is necessary to increase awareness of such a harmful condition. The lack of symptoms in individuals who have high blood pressure is a serious challenge that public health officials in the United States must face. [1]. High blood pressure is a grave problem in the United States because it affects many

* The U.S. High Blood Pressure Education Program is a public-private cooperative effort formed to help reduce death and disability related to hypertension, which is at the root of 50% of those suffering heart attacks and two-thirds of those suffering strokes. Using a campaign that integrates social marketing to first build awareness of the “silent killer,” and then encourage action, awareness of the problem more than tripled to over 90% and those seeking treatment more than doubled within a single decade.

Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic illness that serves as a main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Hanus, Simoes, Amboni, Ceretta, & Tuon, 2015). Although medication can manage HTN appropriately, lifestyle modifications make a substantial difference as well. However, many patients go through behavior stages in which he or she contemplate on making the necessary changes to improve their health. One solution to the problem is the development of an educational Hypertension Intervention and Follow-Up program (HIFP). Studies have shown that active educational interventions that incorporate small groups are more effective than passive delivery of educational materials (Pimenta, Caldiera, & Mamede,

The program trains and supports barbers about hypertension. The trained barbers then play the roles of recording customers blood pressure readings, promoting awareness concerning hypertension, and making referrals to health care practitioners. The evaluation of this program has been done using two non-randomized research studies. Some of the key characteristics associated with this program include increased knowledge and awareness concerning hypertension screening, increased follow-up with physicians, a nontraditional population committed toward increased community awareness and incentive structure aimed at encouraging barbers to take part in the program (CDC,

Nonetheless, this class encourages participation throughout the entire class. Class activities include health education, discussions about cardiovascular health, time for questions and answers, and blood pressure screenings. Information covered in the class include how to maintain a healthy blood pressure, lifestyle behaviors to adopt and dismiss, and hypertension management. Both the activities and information are crucial for older adults to fully understand the importance of cardiovascular health.

In Monmouth County, it has been documented that the stroke mortality rate among older adults “between 2011 and 2013 was 32.3 deaths per 100,000 population”, which is comparable to the statewide rate (“2016 Community Health Assessment,” 2017). Buonacera, Stancanelli, & Malatino (2017) have stated that “hypertension is the leading modifiable contributor to stroke.” Therefore, it is important to focus on monitoring the blood pressure (BP) and detect early signs of hypertension, due to high BP, to prevent the development of stroke. One of the Leading Health Indicators (LHI) priorities from Healthy People 2020 that I will concentrate on is “HDS-5.1 Reduce the proportion of adults with hypertension” (“Heart Disease and Stroke,” 2014). Researchers have indicated that 35.9% of older adults have been diagnosed with high blood pressure in 2015. It indicates a significant increase since 2011 than the desired target of 26.9% suggested by Healthy People 2020 (“2016 Community Health Assessment,” 2017; “Heart Disease and Stroke,” 2014). The prevalence of hypertension in Monmouth county is alarming. Health promotion and preventative measures should be implemented to reduce the percentage of older adults with hypertension, accounting for more CVD mortality than other modifiable

large. The tool assesses elements of the physical environmental, psychological, and social dimensions of health in the dimensions model. The

I have chosen to focus my paper on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke within the homeless population. I have been encountered with many residents at the homeless shelter I am currently working at with severe hypertension. Some of the residents have expressed little or no interest in learning how this can affect their long term health. It seems necessary to provide a health promotion plan in helping this community better manage their risk factors in preventing CVD or even a stroke from happening.

Blood pressure of young adults (20-39) in my community was first assessed as I completed a windshield survey in Brockway PA. Blood Pressure is something we all have, but I found that we as a community often times neglect it until we start having symptoms. Nursing has taught me that preventative measures are cheaper and healthier than hypertension.

In the community we can identify the effect of psychological, social, and behavioral factors on individual and population health, which include prevention, treatment and management of chronic disease, adjustment to illness, adherence to treatment regimens, and recovery promotion. Other areas that we can enforce or analyze health are from individual, the social group, and society by understanding the broad ecological model of health.

Approximately one in every three adult’s ages 20 years old and older are diagnosed with high blood pressure or hypertension. Hypertension affects 78 million people in the United States and is equally prevalent in both men and woman (Crabtree et al., 2013). Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Hajjar & Kotchen, 2003). It can lead to stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, heart failure, neurological issues, and death if not detected early and not treated properly (James, Oparil, Carter, & et al., 2014). Approximately 9.4 million deaths in 2010 were attributed to high blood pressure (Angell, De Cock, & Frieden, 2015). About 54% of strokes, 47% of coronary heart disease, and 25 % of other cardiovascular diseases are attributed to high blood pressure (Arima, Barzi, & Chalmers, 2011).

Hypertension is a disease that affects many people of different cultures. However, there are cultures that have higher risks than others, such as Filipinos. The purpose of this paper is to briefly describe the Filipino culture and their correlation with hypertension. It will discuss in further details the need to integrate a plan for improvement as well as nursing interventions. Along with interventions, this paper will include how the interventions will be evaluated and a way to implement a teaching lesson to disseminate information regarding hypertension and its effect on Filipinos.