Techniques of Rain Water Harvesting to Increase Ground Water Levels

In a dry year, the “groundwater contributes up to 46 percent (or more) of the statewide annual supply”

When this occurs, water from the wetland buildup can seep into the ground and be stored as ground for aquifers.

Areas prone to flooding can be drained quickly or be unaffected, protecting thousands of families and government property from destruction. On the flip side, water shortages are plaguing states like California causing raging wildfires and public unrest. This system can ensure that people across the nation have a safe constant supply of water.

How did it come to be that one of the wettest states in the nation, with an average 55 inches rainfall a year, has water-supply problems?

Depletion of ground water may lead to land compaction that in turn decreases its ability to store water.

The minor aquifers are Dockum, the Capitan, the Rustler, the Hickory, the Ellenburger- San Saba, the Lipan and to a small amount Marble Falls (Anaya 2001, 113). The aquifer is mostly unconfined but is semi confined in parts of the Trinity (Anaya 2001, 113). The direction of the groundwater flow is controlled by the areas of discharge, which are displayed by the strong influence of the streams form on the potentiometric surface (Barker and Ardis 1996, 35). The predominant direction of the groundwater flow is northwest to southeast, caused the base slope of the aquifer (Barker and Ardis 1996, 35). This flow is also normal to the potentiometric surface as shown in figure 3, except where the aquifer is anisotropic (Barker and Ardis 1996, 37). Most of the recharge that occurs in the Edward-Trinity aquifer happens from infiltration of precipitation over the outcrops and the sinkholes (Anaya 2001, 113). The average recharge rate over the eastern part of the plateau is 0.12 to 2.24 inches per year whereas over the Trans-Pecos region is 0.3 to 0.4 inches per year (Anaya 2001, 113). In certain areas of the plateau such as Pecos and Reeves counties there is induced recharge being caused from the water level declines due to irrigation pumping (Anaya 2001, 116). Discharge occurs in the southern and eastern portions from cross-formational flow

Associated activities may include installing drainage systems, grading slopes, ditching for storm drainages, and conduits for service utilities. The disturbance of natural patterns of runoff and rainwater infiltration through modified drainage can lead to the concentration of water flow at sites that previously only took direct rainwater infiltration; this can result in rapid forming cover-subsidence sinkholes (Waltham et al, 2005, p. 159). The many impervious surfaces used in modified drainage activities also impedes groundwater recharge, which can consequently lower the water

The aim of NFIP is to reduce the losses regarding flood damage through community flood plain management which also provides protection for property owners regarding flood insurance.According to the agreement between local communities and Federal Government will provide management of flood insurance within the community for financial protection against flood losses if a community will make a floodplain management to reduce future flood risks to new construction in Special Flood Hazards Areas.

Developing and implementing strategies that can secure adequate water for both people and the environment is one of the most important missions of the water management districts in Florida. To fulfill their missions, the water management districts develop water supply plans to help provide adequate and sustainable water supplies to meet future needs while protecting the environment. One of the more important tools used in the planning process is a regional groundwater model.

This project proposes that the stream banks be corrected from their current state of severe soil erosion. Some of the walls of soil surrounding the stream can reach approximately 1.8 meters in depth. Where the runoff drain meets the stream can even reach up to approximately 2.6 meters. The walls of the stream bank are a vault of in situ soils slowly restoring themselves to low sloping conditions through more erosion. This is an indicator that there has been extreme down cutting as result of stream channelization.

There are two sources of drinking water, surface water and ground water and they are each managed, monitored and regulated differently even though the actual water systems are interrelated and integrated. The state of Missouri has historically had plenty of high-quality fresh water sources; in the northern half of the state most of the drinking water comes from surface water while the majority of the southern population gets water from underground aquifers (Missouri Department of Natural Resources, 2010). The Missouri River and its alluvium wells provide more than half of the state’s residents with drinking water as most of the urban centers in the state are located along its course. Water from wells located adjacent to the Missouri River

It's is used as a reservoir meaning that they can have better or more efficient water source.

Some of the issues related to wastewater management as a result of the drought are: the rising food prices, unsafe potable water, the impact on agriculture and produce supplies, and the increase of groundwater usage. The drought impact will increase with current warmer temperatures and the length of the drought. As a result of this four year drought, many cities in California rely deeply on ground water pumping to meet demands. According to the California Department of Water Resources (February, 2015) “Reduced surface water availability triggered increased groundwater pumping, with groundwater levels in many parts of the state dropping 50 to 100 feet below their previous historical lows.” Common pool resources, such as the Colorado River have

The relevance is given as we need an adequate material to build the dam as well as enough water to achieve a water level and finally to maintain that level. It also should be thought about a solution for the silt coming down the river in order to keep on getting a clear flush.

In the crisis zone people fail to receive water sometimes for several days at a time.