Temperature And Guppy Essay

Similarly the controls; untreated males and females) exhibited male and female characteristics respectively as this was somewhat intrinsic based on their genome, that is, what is contained in their genetic makeup and not dependent on the environment they were raised in. this is synonymous with the studies done with 16 males in that the majority of genetically male children behaved as male despite being raised as females. This behavior was already encoded in their DNA. However, with the 43 girls, the effect of testosterone was nil on the

Lake Malawi’s cichlid male population of fish are tested on their ability to build bowers to attract the female population. Altering this extended phenotype, or ability to build bowers resulted in no change of mating, but males that built successful bowers showed to

One containing wild type (WT) and the other having long (lon) C. elegans in order to identify males on each plate. Next, two new agar plates with E. coli as a food source for the nematodes were obtained and labeled with the phenotypes to be used for each cross. For plate 1, a single long hermaphrodite was found and with a heat sterilized worm pick, transferred to the new plate. From the WT parent plate, nine males were moved into plate 1 within close proximity of the hermaphrodite to help ensure fertilization. This cross was made because would show which is the dominant trait based. On plate 2, five long males were taken from the lon parent plate and placed along with a single wild type hermaphrodite from the WT parent plate. This cross was made to see if the trait was sex linked or not. This was followed by each plate being resealed with parafilm and given to the instructor to be put in storage until the following

The objective of the lab was to analyze the formation of pelvic structures from two populations of stickleback fish collected from two different lakes. This was done in order to formulate a question based on observable phenotypic differences in twenty specimens from two different lake populations. Careful measurements were taken including the lateral plate, pelvic girdle expression, and body depth sizes. The purpose of the research was to formulate a question and develop a hypothesis based on the variations observed between several selections of populations, in order to gain a better understanding of evolution and natural selection. The data collected was used along with information about the lakes to suggest possible environmental factors

Temperature had a direct effect on oxygen consumption of crayfish, Orconectes propinquus. Crayfish acclimated to warm temperature (20 to 25 C) had a mean mass of 8.25g +/- 1.05. Crayfish acclimated to cold temperature (3 to 5 C) had a mean mass of 10.61g +/- 0.77. Oxygen consumption rates of 30-60 minute treatments were used and there was no significant difference between the two different treatments (t=0.48, df=58, P=0.70). The data from 0-30 minutes were not used because the crayfish were disrupted by transportation and the data were not normally distributed. The Q10 value was 1.05, representing that there was full compensation for oxygen consumption for the crayfish at two different acclimated temperatures. The oxygen consumption of crayfish was not affected significantly by two different temperatures (Figure 1).

The Artemia franciscana can survive in extreme conditions of salinity, water depth, and temperature (Biology 108 laboratory manual, 2010), but do A. franciscana prefer these conditions or do they simply cope with their surroundings? This experiment explored the extent of the A. franciscanas preference towards three major stimuli: light, temperature, and acidity. A. franciscana are able to endure extreme temperature ranges from 6 ̊ C to 40 ̊ C, however since their optimal temperature for breeding is about room temperature it can be inferred that the A. franciscana will prefer this over other temperatures (Al Dhaheri and Drew, 2003). This is much the same in regards to acidity as Artemia franciscana, in general thrive in

A male Betta is to be placed on the opposite side of the bowl, so that they can see each other but no contact. The fish were observed for two minutes. After the two minutes passed, the barrier was lifted and observations were recorded for one minute before the male was removed from the bowl. This was then repeated with the female Betta. These two constitute one trial. There was a total of three trials, so both the male and female were in the primary bowl thrice

The addition of frozen and then thawed out homogenized G.semen biomass from all lakes (“H” treatments) considerably influenced daphnids body length measured after 72 h exposure (Fig. 3). At increasing homogenate concentrations (chl-a: 84 – 1530 mg m-3) body length of Daphnia was always significantly higher as compared with filtered water controls (P<0.01, Fig. 4a).

Judson contributes to onefs understanding of sex among different organisms in that she makes difficult concepts simple to comprehend. Although she uses scientific terminology, she limits it so that anyone can understand the technical information she shares. Judson also describes the types of environments in which each species and

The experiment took place in a laboratory setting, and the first step was obtaining sixty individual Daphnia magna (that were neither adults nor tiny offspring) from a large tank in the lab. These individuals were equally divided into three groups; low density, medium density, and high density. The twenty Daphnia assigned to the low density group were split into four groups of five and pipetted into one of four tubes filled with 10mL of Chlamydomonas algae. The twenty Daphnia assigned to the medium density group were split into two groups of ten and placed into one of two tubes also filled up to 10mL with Chlamydomonas. The final twenty Daphnia were all placed into a single tube filled with 10mL of the algae. In order to avoid suffocation-related

Mayden (1993) used E. zonatum for comparisons in describing the new species E. alabamae. Comparing Cypress Creek to sampled E. zonatum populations in the 1993 Mayden paper show that males in Cypress Creek fell into accepted ranges for known populations but looking at the means for body measurements on average males from Cypress Creek were smaller than those measured by Mayden. Female measurements from Cypress Creek paralleled those seen in Mayden’s comparison. However, females from Bayou de Chien were larger on average than females sampled by Mayden while males were similar in measurements. Walsh and Burr (1984) noted that the maximum length of E. zonatum is usually reported as 32-38mm but lacks definition as to whether those numbers refer to standard or total length. Some variation in size for such a wide-ranging species can be caused by more southern individuals growing larger due to earlier spawning periods and longer growing seasons (Walsh and Burr, 1984). Overall, it appears that individuals found above the fall line in Cypress Creek are of similar measurements to other sampled populations of E. zonatum.

The main idea of Road salt can change sex ratios in frog populations was that road salt put down on roads to melt snow, can impact the sex ratios of frogs. The researchers found that the proportions of female in tadpoles were reduced down 10 percent when exposed to road salts. This suggest that road salt may have a masculinizing effect of frogs. For the experiment researchers used a 500 litter tank containing various levels of road salt to leaf litters from maple and oak trees. The scientist observed the sex ratio for the oak leaf litter without salt was female-biased 63 percent. But, when the salt was added the female portion of frogs decrease by 10 percent. The scientist also noticed that the oak leaf litter female tadpoles were larger

Elaven meristic counts with their median values for all samples were shown in Table 2. Meristic counts of all samples ranged from 6 for 1st dorsal fin rays, 10-11 (median, me =10 ) rays for 2nd dorsal fin, 15-21 (me=18 ) rays for pectoral fin, 10-12 (me =10 ) rays for pelvic fin, 8-10 (me = 9) rays for anal fin,18-26 (me = 20) rays for caudal fin and 5 branchiostegal rays, for transverse scales on lateral line 23-33 (me = 30), transverse scales above lateral line 4, transverse scales below lateral line 4-5 (me = 4 ) and no. of vertebrae was 26 (Table 2). From all meristic measurements, only difference occurred in pectoral fin rays (Kruskal Wallis (H) test: df = 2, H = 24.114, p0.05) different among fish of these isolated stocks. First dorsal

The vial was then labeled accordingly with the type of cross (Male Vg, Female W) and the date. The date is important as the Drosophila complete a life cycle within approximately 2 weeks from the mating day. This vial became known as the parent generation or (P).

sperm as a superior and the egg as an expelling organ part. Moreover, the features of the egg and