Temperature and its Effect in Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions Essay examples

Catalase is an important enzyme that protects cells from oxidative damage, which hydrogen peroxide can cause. It is an incredibly efficient enzyme where one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules each second.

Temperature controls the speed the enzymes work at. Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy which increases the chance of collision therefore speeding up the rate of

These results show how temperature of extreme high, or low affects enzyme activity. The highest rate of enzyme activity occurred at 37 Cº. Anything that was hotter or cold than 37 Cº slowed the reaction rate. As I thought, 100 degrees would denature the enzyme, and that was the case. The data provided shows exactly what temperatures enzymes work best, and worst. The objective was achieved as we discovered the different reaction rates under different temperatures. The results are reliable, as we know enzymes do not work well when under extreme heat or denaturation occurs. What I learned in this experiment was that enzymes don’t work well under cold temperatures because they tend to move slower. My hypothesis did not quite match, because I thought they work best at lower temperatures.

Enzymes will denature if they get too hot or cold or if the pH of the solution they are in is too high or too

The purpose of this investigation is to discover the effect of pH on the activity of catalase, an enzyme which plays the integral role of converting hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, and discover which pH level it will work at the most efficient rate (the optimum). The original hypothesis states that that the optimum would be at a pH is 7, due to the liver, where catalase usually resides, being neutral. The experiment consists of introducing the catalase to hydrogen peroxide, after exposure to certain solutions; hydrogen peroxide, water and hydrochloric acids, all containing the adjusted pH, and measuring the height of froth formed, an observable representation of the activity of the enzyme. The final data indicated that

However if the temperature exceeds the optimum temperature the enzyme becomes denatured. This is because there is too much energy causing the enzyme molecules to vibrate causing the bonds maintaining their tertiary structure to break. The enzyme unravels causing the shape of the active site to change so it can no longer fit with the substrate.

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts during a biochemical process. Catalysts are non-changing enzymes that can increase or decrease activation energy to accelerate or slow down a biochemical reaction without using additional energy.

Its function is the speed up the decomposition of Hydrogen peroxide within cells. This is an important function within living animals because it becomes a poisonous substance. Catalase breaks apart hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen through enzyme-substrate complexes. (Tully) The shape of catalase is complex with various alpha-helices and beta-sheets.

The chemical hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂) is broken down by the enzyme catalase. Hydrogen peroxide is a byproduct formed in cellular reactions that, if not broken down, could inflict severe damage to the cell. Catalase is an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide in to water and oxygen. How efficient and strong the enzymes reaction to break down H₂O₂ determines largely on temperature and pH level. An enzyme only functions within a set pH and temperature range. Beyond that it becomes denatured, rendering it useless. The purpose of this lab is to determine at which temperature and pH level the enzyme catalase reacts best. Catalase in chicken and beef livers will be used to do the lab because enzymes still function after death as long as they are kept refrigerated at a low temperature.

An increase in enzyme concentration will increase enzyme substrate speed up the rate of reaction until the saturation point is reached. (Enzymes and...) Meaning that all the enzyme active sites are occupied by substrate and can no longer enhance in activity. For the next experiment we tested on was temperature. I hypothesis, that the enzyme energy will increase as the temperature rises and have little energy as it lowers. When the temperature rises the activity of the enzyme and substrate collisions increases as well. But, it will hit its maximum point where its bonds will begin to break down. We first measured the absorbance rate at 0 Celsius giving a us .001405 (1/s) and giving the product a light shade of brown. The reaction rate became more active as the temperature rose and the color would darken. But, when reaching over 40 Celsius that’s when the enzyme began to denature. Also, when reaching 100 Celsius the enzyme reaction rate was less than .0005 (1/s) and the solution stayed transparent. Next, we tested the pH, it’s a scale that measures 0 to 14, 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most

This study attempts to find how H2O2, H2SO4¬, and KMnO¬¬4 react together to tell how catalase will catalyze H2O2 over time. The way that H2O2 breaks down is illustrated by 2 H2O2  2 H2O + O2 (Campbell, 2008). In the absence of catalase, this happens extremely slowly. In the presence of catalase, the reaction speeds up and can be stopped by using H2SO4¬ to measure the amount of hydrogen peroxide used over time. To measure the quantity used up over a specific time interval, potassium permanganate (KMnO¬¬4) is added to the solution to essentially “eat up” the leftover hydrogen peroxide from the reactions with the

Proteins can be found all throughout the human body. A fundamental task for these proteins is for them to act as enzymes, enzymes are “high molecular weight compounds made primarily of chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds” (Worthington Biochemical Corporation, 2014). Enzymes also allow certain chemical reactions to occur faster than they would usually occur by themselves. Enzymes have the same functions as a catalyst, meaning that they increase the rate of reaction in living organisms (Wiley, 2014). Enzymes are also able to be “denatured and precipitated with salts, solvents and other reagents” (Worthington Biochemical Corporation, 2014), one enzyme called Catalase is a natural enzyme found “primarily in the liver of animals” (GMO Compass, 2010) and is used in foods and drinks as well as animals to break down hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide or H2O2, is a toxin that is found in the exhaled air and urine of humans (Halliwell, 2000). H2O2 is considered poisonous and unstable in high concentrations and can be used as an antiseptic and disinfectant in low concentrations as well as being used to whiten teeth and to kill bacteria in the mouth with use of mouth wash (WiseGeek, 2014).

Introduction: The catalase enzyme is a substance inside all living things that speeds up chemical reactions and activities. Enzymes are proteins that lower the activation energy of chemical reactions and work on substrates, which are the product being changed. Enzymes are very specific and certain enzymes only react with certain substrates, the active site of an enzyme is the part of the enzyme that binds to the substrate. The active site and the substrate must have the same shape in order for this to happen and for the reaction to occur. There are hundreds of different enzymes in our cells and they each participate in different types of reactions.

reaction rate increases. If the temperature of an enzyme gets to high the reaction rate will slow

Enzymes, proteins that act as catalysts, are the most important type of protein[1]. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions and can go without being used up or changed [3] Without enzymes, the biochemical reactions that take place will react too slowly to keep up with the metabolic needs and the life functions of organisms. Catecholase is a reaction between oxygen and catechol [2]. In the presence of oxygen, the removal of two hydrogen atoms oxidizes the compound catechol, as a result of the formation of water [2]. Oxygen is reduced by the addition of two hydrogen atoms, which also forms water, after catechol is