Temple Of Portunus Research Paper

An easily made mixture of sand and rock, it was much lighter than marble, just as durable, and could easily be worked to form different configurations. This progression in material, and craftsmanship enabled the Romans to make the dome which still can be seen today. However, they did not stray too far from the Greek innovations; they also included Corinthian columns made from granite as part of the façade. The porch on the Pantheon has the same character as the Parthenon; it uses the columns to assist in holding up the porch roof. The Parthenon also used columns, called Doric which was not just the style of columns, but also represented an architecture design that gave the standing columns a unique look. Using the post and lintel system, they distributed the weight of the massive roof evenly. They were also used more extensively throughout the Parthenon, using an ingenious ratio of 4:9 which gives it a sense of harmony and balance. One difference they do portray is the way light enters inside the structures. With the Parthenon having columns that surrounded the entire structure, light was able to freely enter without obstructions. The Pantheon light source, other than the light that enters through the front entrance, is by a hole that is in the roof that is approximately twenty-seven feet in size. However, we

It was built in the middle of the 5th century B.C., and it was not the first temple to stand in its spot. During an excavation it was found that the Temple had reused blocks from a previous temple. There have also been artifacts discovered from the 7th, 6th, and 5th centuries. Votive offerings from as far back as Geometric times have been found. The temple was constructed by the Greek architect Ictinus. The Temple of Apollo Epicurus was said to be modeled after the Temple of Athena Alea

Stamper, The Architecture of Roman Temples, 106. Stamper, The Architecture of Roman Temples, 106. Stamper, The Architecture of Roman Temples, 106. Stamper, The Architecture of Roman Temples, 109 Frank Sear. Roman Architecture (London: BT Batsford Ltd, 1989), 59. Darryl A. Phillips, “The Temple of Divius Julius and the Restoration of Legislative Assemblies under Augustus”, Phoenix 65 (2011): 382 Stamper, The Architecture of Roman Temples, 130 Sear, Roman Architecture, 58 Sear,

Both temples are peripteral having columns on four sides and dipteral with two rows of twenty columns on the long side. The Temple of Olympian Zeus is octostyle with eight columns across the principle façade, rather than ten like the Temple of Venus and Roma. The burning of incense to Roma and Venus may have been among the very last acts of such veneration in Rome. The temple itself had been

The Temple of Apollo is rectangular in shape and set on a pedestal. It is surrounded on all sides by two thick rows of Ionic columns. The sheer

Another example of Republic architecture is the Temple of Portunus. The temple was built between 120 to 80 BCE and is a well preserved rectangular building in Rome. It is located near Rome’s ancient river harbor and is dedicated to the god, Portunus—god closely associated with harbors. Like the Temple of Jupiter, the Temple of Portunus is constructed on a high podium and is overlooking the ancient harbor. It’s also rectangular in form with the same Ionic column-filled portico. It has a very strong front, so there is no mistaking the entrance. This temple reveals the changing cultural landscape of Rome as it enters the final century BCE.

The Greek sanctuary rose as the model place of worship ever. Dissimilar to the Egyptians, the Greeks put their dividers inside to ensure the cella and their segments all things considered, where they could express outside space. Maybe interestingly, the overriding concern is for the building seen as a wonderful question remotely, while in the meantime containing valuable and sacrosanct internal space. Greek designers have been commended for not pounding the viewer with over monumentality; yet they thought that it was suitable to construct sanctuaries on essentially the same topic running in size from the little Temple of Nike Apteros (427-424 BC) of around 6 by 9 m (around 20 by 30 ft) on the Athens Acropolis to the huge Temple of Zeus (500? BC) at Agrigento in Sicily, which secured more than 1 hectare (more than 2 sections of land). The Greeks sometimes masterminded their landmarks

The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the Parthenon in Athens and the Pantheon in Rome. There were two questions asked which were for us to “consider how the style and function (use) of each building serves as a typical example of its culture.” And also “How are the similarities and differences between ancient Greece and Rome seen in these two buildings?”. The buildings were built a few hundred years apart and while they do have differences they also have similarities. One of the main similarities is that they are both ancient temples, one being built in Greece and the other in Rome.

This architectural style that teaches the Greek Canon, is based on proportions, symmetries, and measurements that incorporate the temple’s construction measurements to make a more decorated life-style designs (84). However, from this richly decorated reconstruction, the architecture depicts stories of their mythology and their city’s history as a representation of the victory against the Persians in the Peloponnesian war. In addition, one of the most important thing that was structural developed, is implemented by the optical illusion that recreated the Greeks (Cartwright). For example, “The flat floor is not flat at all but convex, higher in the center than it is at the peripheral of the temple” (Cartwright), which resulted in an advance during this time of period to replicate a “perceptual distortions” and to make the lines different from the distance (84). These particularities in the temple incorporates to “the building an air of richness and Greece” to glorify Athens and its human achievements

Very similar in shape to the epic Colosseum which is oval, but different in its purpose. The Colosseum also boasts greater heights than the Pantheon, but that does not make it any less impressive. The Pantheon is a major Roman monument that showcases simplistic structural design but is amazing in the sense of its dimensions. With columns garnering 12 meters in height, and weighing 50 tons, made of solid granite; it is incredible that they were able to transport them in one piece from such great distances. Atop of the columns were lintels made of marble weighing 30 tons. However the greatest example of the Roman’s advancement in their use of materials is seen in the coffered dome of the Pantheon, which is made entirely of concrete; 5000 tons of it. Nothing larger than the dome of the Pantheon was built until the 20th century. The inside diameter of the dome is almost 44 meters wide, half the length of a football field. The concrete in the dome has no steel reinforcements, which is something that would not be attempted today. To admit light and ventilation throughout the building, a 29 foot oculus (eye) is left open to the sky at the top. That just shows how bold and ingenious the Romans really were because the dome itself is a perfect hemisphere. It is astounding the achievement that Romans have made with the Pantheon, having to come up with an original device, and experiment with building materials, in order to construct such magnificent dimensions. It would not have been possible to do this without the Roman’s invention of

The Romans method in making their architecture was to put a twist in their designs. So in the Roman temples, unlike the Greeks temples, were small and varied in their structure. The Romans incorporated the Greek use of columns on the temples facade and the use of the triangular pediment. The word “Basilica” is Greek for “Royal.” For the roman theaters they had a similar concept, but they add more seats were the chorus would play.

It is a good example of the Greek culture because it deploys how every other temple was built (stones interlocked – no cement) but also because it served another purpose/function: to guard the city's treasury, which was something that was done in many other Greek temples, according to the Parthenon's wikipedia page. This function did not occur in Roman temples.

The temple was constructed by Libon, a famous architect of the time, in the classic Doric style. The Greeks of the time didn’t believe that the temple alone was enough to appease Zeus so they commissioned a statue to be erected in the temple to honor the god.

Agrippa, Augustus’ right-hand man, constructed this building as a temple to all the gods; however, a fire destroyed this temple in 80 CE and so Domitian built the reconstruction. The Pantheon we are familiar with has a significantly different design than the original one, and this is why this specific temple is so dislike to the rest of the Roman temples. Before it was burnt, the Pantheon stood in a podium at the end of a large rectangular court. The surroundings of this temple have changed in order to provide a unique experience to its visitors. For example, the temple has en enormous dome with a 27-foot oculus that opens to the sky. This oculus lets a shaft of light come through creating an emphasis wherever the reflection is. Visitors were driven nowhere but to the light at the center of the dome. This building was built for greeting foreign embassies, adjudicating disputes and hold court (Janson). Moreover, the Pantheon is extraordinary because of the potential and strength of concrete. Some other materials used in the process of building the temple include travertine, tufa, brick, and pumice. These materials varied in order to reduce its weight. The colored marble on the wall symbolized imperial authority. The sphere is though to symbolize eternity and perfection and the bronze panels symbolized a starry night sky.

Egyptian temple was landscaped in such a way that the external wall looked like a fortress isolating the temple from its environment which symbolically denoted the forces of chaos and evil. In the same vein, Egyptian temple hypostyle hall and ceiling are decorated with paints, stars, and other celestial bodies. Whereas, Greek temple is positioned and planned to maximize the context of its surrounding landscape. Again, the Greek decorations are straight decorations. They are decorated following pre-defined Ionic and Doric