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Temporal Lobe Research Paper

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The temporal lobe is one of the four lobes of the cerebral cortex. It is right behind the temples, in the bottom-middle part of the cortex. The temporal lobe is anterior to the occipital lobe, separated by the preoccipital notch, and inferior to the parietal and frontal lobe. The temporal lobe is delineated above by the lateral sulcus, or sylvian fissure. It takes up about 17% of the cerebral cortex, making it the second largest lobe after the frontal lobe. Only Primates have temporal lobes. The anatomy of the temporal lobe is quite complex, which corresponds to the lobe’s wide range of functions. The temporal lobe is involved in facial recognition, audio reception, olfactory reception, visual reception, emotional responses, and memory. Although…show more content…
The medial side of the temporal lobe contains the hippocampal formation as well as the uncus and nearby cortex. Near the hippocampus and temporal pole, a small almond shaped structure called the amygdala can be found. There are actually amygdalae in the human brain, one on each side of the head. The amygdalae create an indentation in the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle and are bound by white matter. The temporal lobe is separated from the parietal and frontal lobes the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus. The lateral surface posterior to the lateral sulcus is indented by the inferior temporal sulci and posterior temporal sulci, which outlines the superior temporal gyri, inferior temporal gyri, and medial temporal gyri. The occipital sulcus represents the divide between the medial side inferior temporal gyri and the lateral side, which includes the posterior and inferior temporal sulci. Towards the tip of the stem created by the lateral sulcus, the temporal pole can be seen. Below the temporal pole is the rhinal sulcus. On the superior surface of the temporal lobe, there are two ridges known as the transverse temporal gyri that form the primary auditory cortex. The temporal lobe is connected to the other lobes of the cerebral cortex by association…show more content…
It allows us to recognize and respond to language, faces, smells and sounds. In addition, it is essential for human learning the memory development. Structures like the hippocampus and amygdala are extremely important for carrying out these functions. Damage to temporal lobe can lead to amnesia, alzheimer's disease, increased or decreased sex drive, temporal lobe epilepsy, seizures, and a disturbance in our senses. The fact that the temporal lobe is only present in primates shows its importance in general intelligence. Emotion, senses, memories, without the temporal lobe none of this is
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