CHAPTER
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In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions:
What kinds of questions does economics address? What are the principles of how people make decisions? What are the principles of how people interact? What are the principles of how the economy as a whole works?
Ten Principles of Economics
Macroeconomics
N. Gregory Mankiw
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PRINCIPLES OF
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What Economics Is All About
Scarcity: the limited nature of society’s resources Economics: the study of how society manages its scarce resources, e.g. how people decide what to buy, how much to work, save, and spend how firms decide how much to produce, how many workers to
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Blue book value is $6500 if transmission works, $5700 if it doesn’t
Answers
Observations: The $1000 you previously spent on repairs is irrelevant. What matters is the cost and benefit of the marginal repair (the transmission). The change in incentives from scenario A to scenario B caused your decision to change.
Benefit of fixing the transmission = $800 ($6500 – 5700). It’s worthwhile to have the transmission fixed.
B. Blue book value is $6000 if transmission works, $5500 if it doesn’t
Benefit of fixing the transmission is only $500. Paying $600 to fix transmission is not worthwhile.
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The principles of HOW PEOPLE INTERACT
HOW PEOPLE INTERACT
Principle #5: Trade Can Make Everyone Better Off
Rather than being self-sufficient, people can specialize in producing one good or service and exchange it for other goods. Countries also benefit from trade & specialization:
Get a better price abroad for goods they produce Buy other goods more cheaply from abroad than could be produced at home
TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS
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HOW PEOPLE INTERACT
Principle #6: Markets Are Usually A Good Way to Organize Economic Activity
Market: a group of buyers and sellers (need not be in a single location) “Organize economic activity” means determining what goods to produce how to produce them how much of each to produce who gets them
TEN PRINCIPLES
Ten Principles of Economics Thinking Like an Economist Interdependence and the Gains from Trade The study of economics is guided by a few big ideas. Economists view the world as both scientists and policymakers. The theory of comparative advantage explains how people benefit from economic interdependence.
The short answer to this is no, almost certainly not. Unfortunately, the fact of the matter is that a busted transmission will inevitably be expensive, regardless of how you decide to handle it. Transmissions are complicated but essential. Repairing or replacing one is always pricey, buying a new car would be expensive as well—but just because your transmission is damaged doesn’t mean you should discard the entire car. The situation may not be as bad as you think.
A country needs to export more than import in order to maintain a good working economy. Wealth and power equal more export than import in a country’s trading system
When my dad and uncle got to the field, they thought that the transmission went out, but later that year when we got the tractor split apart the only thing that went wrong was that the clutch package went out causing the power shift to stop working I sighed in relief $400 is better $15,000 for a new transmission. As opposed...
2. The key economic concept that serves as the basis for the study of economics is:
The transmission on your vehicle plays a vital role in keeping your vehicle on the road and working properly. If your transmission is damaged, you are not going to be able to safety drive your vehicle and if your transmission suffers serious damage, you are not going to be able to drive at all.
Have you recently purchased an automatic vehicle? Is this the first vehicle that you've ever owned? While you may have gotten some care tips from friends or relatives, they may have glossed over or forgotten about your transmission. While the transmission is a mysterious device for some people, there are still clear warning signs that is in need of repair or replacement. Here are a few things that you should be looking for:
As a first time car owner, you have a lot to learn about taking care of a vehicle. One of the biggest elements of your vehicle that you need to pay attention to is your transmission. If you don't take proper care of your transmission, you could be faced with some major repair bills. Your transmission is responsible for putting your vehicle into the right gear and getting your vehicle down the road.
The objective is to learn more about the transmission failures by analyzing the samples used by Metropolitan of actual transmission repairs provided by a transmission repair firm in the Detroit
This doesn't mean you won't bother asking around and comparing rates. Getting ripped off is not fun! There are plenty of honest and direct transmission repair specialists that will fix your transmission for a reasonable cost. Some people pay thousands of dollars just to find out that the same repair could be done just for a few hundred dollars.
Countries are enabled by free international trade to specialise or to focus in the production of the goods in which they have a comparative advantage. Specialisation countries can take the benefit of efficiencies generated from increased output and economies of trade. The size of the firm’s market are increased by the international trade which results in lower average costs and increasing in productivity, as it ultimately leads to increase in production.
The Economy is the backbone to society. There are many factors that operate in, and govern our society’s economical structure. Factors such as scarcity and choice, opportunity cost, marginal analysis, microeconomics, macroeconomics, factors of production, production possibilities, law of increasing opportunity cost, economic systems, circular flow model, money, and economic costs and profits all contribute to what is known as the economy. These properties as well as a few others, work together to influence the economy. Microeconomics and Macroeconomics are two major components. Both of these are broken down into several different components that dictate societal norms and views.
Trade makes Everyone Better – by trading with one another we can all win or come out for the better. That’s because, not everyone can make something as good or at the same cost as someone else, for the simple reason that we do not have access to the same amount resources or skills to produce something. (Mankiw, 2013) A town in the mountains would have a difficult time suppling the same amount or quality of fish that a town located on a lake or the coast of an ocean. Yet the same town has access to a better supply of granite from its quarries or lumber from its forests than the town better equipped for fishing.
imagine living in a world in which there are infinite amounts of goods and resources to satisfy every human desire. People will not find need to budget their limited incomes, businesses will not worry about the cost of labor, and governments will not have reason to tax its citizens, or give importance to environmental issues. People living in this society will be equal to one another and everything would be free, like water in the ocean and sand in the desert. All prices would be zero and society will not find need for markets or financial institutions. Unfortunately we do not live in a utopia of limitless possibilities; we live in a scarce world of unlimited wants. Given unlimited wants, we must make the best use of our limited resources, a science our ancestors have developed and named economics. This study measures how societies use scarce resources to produce valuable commodities and distribute them efficiently among different people.