Terrorism And Its Effects On Terrorism Essay

Domestic terrorism consists of violations against federal and state law that put humans into danger. The purpose of domestic terrorism is to influence or to instill fear into the population and government. Terrorism comes in forms of gun violence, assassinations, and destruction (1). Since 1970, there have been 2,608 attacks and 226 fatal attacks up until 2011 (3). In 1867, the development of dynamite contributed to increasing terrorism, and radicals have used explosives to bring attention to political issues within the country. This invention led to the Haymarket Affair, Los Angeles Times, and the Preparedness Day bombings (2). What has further caused domestic terrorism has been the argument over who is an American. This explains the emergence of the Boston Tea Party and the “white supremacy” of the Ku Klux Klan which both occurred to claim what being an authentic American means (3). After the Cold war, domestic intelligence and law enforcement suppressed terrorist plots, but since the leader of al-Qaeda increased website usage in 2003, more internet terrorist sites have grown. In 2009, the FBI stated that there were approximately 15,000 websites that advocated terrorism with 10,000 sites still active on 80% of U.S based servers. (4) An example of an attack was the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995 which resulted in 168 people dead and 600 people injured; the motivation for this was to show the opposition against the U.S government by bombing the Alfred P. Murrah Federal

On November 9th 2016, Donald Trump was declared the president-elect of the United States. This announcement was quickly followed by mass protests in the streets. Citizens were outraged that a candidate, whose entire platform had relied on racist and misogynistic rhetoric, could win the presidency despite losing the popular vote. The protestor’s concerns are well founded. In the last year he has promised to create a Muslim registry, forcefully deport millions of people from the country, revoke citizenship rights, as well as implement other disturbing policies. There is an inherently fascistic and totalitarian element in Trump’s campaign which should influence a closer study into the history, creation, and continuation of different forms of political terror.

After the 9th of September attack on the United States, the study of terrorism received major publicity. The timeline after the violence has seen tens of thousands of new books and articles about terrorism being published. Despite this vast growth in the field, there is a lot we do not know about the effects of terrorism, and there are several areas of debate amongst terrorism scholars and experts. It is evident that terrorism tactics are growing increasingly complex. “The terrorist of yesterday is the hero of today and the hero of yesterday becomes the terrorist of today” (If you quoted someone you need a reference here). It is important to know what terrorism is in the present day and what is not.

For the first time in decades, the United States was under attack by an outside foreign enemy on September 11, 2001. It was the day that “our security weaknesses were exploited, our vulnerability was exposed, and our fear became real” (Territo). Since then, our world changed forever. These attacks and the ongoing war on terrorism have proved that terrorism has no respect for jurisdictional boundaries. Terrorism is premediated and uses violence to achieve their own set of political goals or objectives. It is viewed as the violent actions of specific groups who want to violate the authority of the government.

This literature review looks at the question of terrorism from a top-down standpoint. In the three sections the act of terrorism itself is discussed, then who the leading terrorist organizations are and have been, and finally what significant events have taken place. The final issue is whether terrorism is, to some extent, a means, eventually, to a more positive form of change.

Terrorism is a unique sort of savagery. It is a strategy utilized as a part of peace, struggle, and war. The risk of terrorism is ever present, and an assault is liable to happen when slightest anticipated. A terrorist assault may be the occasion that denote the move from peace to strife or war. Combatting terrorism is a variable to consider in every single military arrangement and operations. Combatting terrorism requires a persistent condition of mindfulness; it is an essential practice instead of a sort of military operation. Definite direction for setting up an authoritative system to battle terrorism, including preventive and defensive measures and episode reaction arranging, can be found in Joint Publication 3-07.2 (1993). Terrorism is a criminal offense under almost every national or universal legitimate code.

Terrorism appears to have soared markedly in the past few years. To begin, it seems appropriate to define the term terrorism itself first. The absolute definition of terrorism has been greatly debated globally but it seems like no political institutions or prominent figures have ever come to one clear-cut definition but the term terrorism itself is simply derived from the word terror which indicates terrorism has something to do with fear and agitation. With innumerable technological advancements, terrorists have now been able to strike more efficient and harder than ever which will result in more deaths and also more destructions. Political and religious terrorism or sometimes called extremism are no longer a new thing to us anymore that it

Terrorism is an international problem that has affected many nations directly and indirectly for hundreds of years. It is defined by many as “a method of governing or of resisting a government by the use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce the target” (Baylis 403). Although there are many signs and indicators of terrorist activities, such as: surveillance, elicitation, and supplies, it will always be a struggle to combat with terrorism. Unfortunately, because of this, the world will have to continue to learn to live with terrorism.

This essay will discuss how effective the terrorism has been in achieving its political objectives and will base its arguments on Political Terrorism by Schmid AP and Alberts J 1988 case study and supported by the 9/11 attack by Webster 2011 and the Siege operation by Cathy 2013. In unpacking the topic, key areas such as history and defining terrorist, the effectiveness of terrorism, its political objectives and quantify why civilians has been the target. The cases used were chosen to support the body of the essay as they highlight effectiveness of terrorism with a whole range of terrorism attacks and history around the world indicating the method used, the group involved and the objective of such attacks. The historical background of the word terrorism is that it originates from ‘terrorisme’ a French word that actually came from a Latin verb ‘terreo’ which means frightened. The word terror is expressed in Rome as an unsettling stage of emergency. It was when the Jacobins lost power that terror turned to be an abuse word in this expression (Rajiv, D 2013). This term of abuse has been on the world stage entwined with a complexity of unfinished definition. It has shifted the focus of state governments around the world to its national security department for expansion and development where the Middle East countries,

The history of terrorism can be traced back as far as the French revolution. Some of these acts of terrorism only seem as distant reminders of our past, but at the same time, are not a far cry from today’s brutal acts; and although these acts seem distant, it doesn’t also mean they are no longer in the thoughts of individuals in today’s time.

In today’s world, terrorism is not an un-known word; terrorism can be tracked back to early recorded history. Nevertheless terrorism definition is universally hard to define (Brown, 2008).

Fox News is not a credible source for viewers to watch because they racial profile and scrutinize minority groups including Muslims. When a white men commit an act of terror, why are they are never called terrorist? Why does the word terrorist only apply to Muslims? Who can be a terrorist? Is labeling something an act of terrorism only applied to someone who commits an act of terror? Or is it only directed towards a specific group of people such as Muslims or brown people who “look” Muslim? According to Lydia O’Connor, Muslims have faced discrimination and hate for their identity since the tragic 9/11 terrorist attack. Muslims are specifically targeted because of how the media such as Fox News defines “terrorists”. In America, Fox News is one of the largest cable channels in mainstream media. Millions of viewers are exposed to the redefinition and reframing of terrorism and the labeling of the word terrorist. Fox News lack of accountability for their misuse of the word terrorist consequentially contributes to the bias label only applied to Muslims and most brown individuals. Nearly sixteen years later, Islamophobia has only progressed and the word “terrorist” became a word that is only applicable to people of a particular racial or religious identity. The word terrorist is only used to identify alleged Muslim terrorist not all individuals who commit acts of terror. The term terrorism has become politicized because it has inspired political action, laws, and

All over the country there are terrorists targeting and attacking humans, whether a specific person or not, and harming them even to the extremeness of death. As the attacks become more apparent, the more people become worried and unsure of what should be done, but to stand prepared to retaliate and fight back. CNN informs readers about different acts of terrorism throughout the United States and one of those acts is portrayed on history.com. History.com states that “On September 11, 2001, 19 militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al-Qaeda hijacked four aircrafts and carried out suicide attacks against targets in the United States.” ( Web). Two of those planes ended up crashing into the World Trade Center and killing thousands. Although that seems like long ago, another attempted terrorist attack just happened on December 11, 2017. During this specific attack, a man strapped a bomb to his chest. Thankfully there were not any fatalities resulting from this attack, however there were multiple injuries concluding the attack. Acts of terrorism are happening all over this country and even across the globe. Our military men and women are consistently engaging with these extremists.

Terrorism is a major, growing concern throughout the United States. Terrorism comes in different forms and also has different motives. The most common motives for terrorist attacks in the United States are different political and religious views. The United States is also a targeted country because they are very involved in other nations. As the terrorist threat continues to rise, the United States must have tactics to prevent attacks and the deaths of thousands of innocent people.

The threats of terrorism are growing globally and it is crucial in understanding the history of how terror is obtained to better prepare ourselves and possibly predict future threats. The behavioral pattern of the extremist can be a combination of qualities, acts, or beliefs. It is believed that all terrorist events have political objectives behind them, even though these extremist use religious symbolism to seek a wider audience and resort to violent acts to prove their point. The terrorist’s events leading up to September 11, 2001 can be analyzed for the purpose of uncovering such a pattern to shed light on the possibility of preventing another horrific terrorist attack in the future.