Testing Conditioning Methods Through Sniffy Simulation

Our understanding of classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning has allowed us to unlock many of the answers we sought to learn about human behavior. Classical conditioning is a technique of behavioral training, coined by Ivan Pavlov, which basically states that an organism learns through establishing associations between different events and stimuli. This helps us understand human behavior in an assortment of ways. It makes it clear that almost everything we do is based on patterns of stimulus and response. For example, if you were bitten aggressively by a dog as a child, you may be still scared of dogs today. That is because the dog caused you pain, which in turn caused you have anxiety towards dogs.

Operant conditioning is a way of learning by rewarding positive behavior and punishing negative. If anyone on the team was late for practice, Coach Carter made them run. That was a punishment so that they would learn to be on time. Classical conditioning is an involuntary way of learning from preceding events. When the team started playing for Carter, the sound of a whistle, known as a conditioned stimulus, meant nothing to them. After a while, Carter trained them to respond to the sound of his whistle instantly by doing whatever he was asking of them, this is known as the conditioned response. This is an excellent example of how classical conditioning works to help us learn.

Classical conditioning is often associated with physiologist Ivan Pavlov’s experiment with the salivating dog (Hutchinson, 2015). This experiment focused on conditioning the dog to associate food with the bell while salivating, and eventually salivates when the bell is rung even without the presence of food. Operant conditioning theory is changed behavior as the result of a reinforcement (Hutchinson, 2015). In our society, we associate positive reinforcements with compliments, smiles, high-fives in order to encourage a behavior more. Negative reinforcement involves jail, detention, and grounding, and this is to stop a behavior from continuing. A cognitive social learning theory states that behavior can be learned through observations, beliefs, expectations, and imitation of others (Hutchinson, 2015). A major difference between cognitive social learning theory and the others, is a lack of manipulation to encourage the individual to follow through with a behavior. Rather, cognitive social learning theories suggest that a change in thinking can ultimately result in a change in behavior (Hutchinson, 2015).

Classical and operant conditioning are two important concepts central to behavioral psychology. While both result in learning, the processes are quite different. In order to understand how each of these behavior modification techniques can be used, it is also essential to understand how classical conditioning and operant conditioning differ from one another. Both classical and operant learning are psychological processes that lead to learning. Here learning refers to the process by which changes in behavior, including actions, emotions, thoughts, and the responses of muscles and glands,

Classical conditioning is the association of a stimulus with a particular outcome, while operant conditioning is when behavior is learned through punishment and reward.

therefore, it is important to distinguish the two. Learning the different ways animals function and

For this Psychology Field Journal, you will demonstrate your understanding of the components of classical conditioning by labeling two classical conditioning scenarios and reflecting on examples of classical conditioning in everyday life.

One of the first types of learning that occurred in his class was classical conditioning. In the beginning of class Mr.Warren was giving instructions on today's lesson and the students were talking, then Mr.warren sat down on his stool and almost the entire class immediately stopped talking. In this case the neutral stimulus would be Mr.warren sitting down, paired with him getting up set, leading to the class's response to stop talking. What I observed was the that the neutral stimulus change into the conditioned stimulus of him sitting down, and the conditioned response of the class to stop talking. Mr.Warren also uses operant conditioning within his classroom. For that day's

Although classical conditioning is something that most people experience in a daily basis, it may also be the first thing someone remembers in a day. According to Olson and Hergenhahn (2009) classical conditioning is defined as a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally brings about that response. In this paper the subject is to describe the theory of classical conditioning as well as describing a scenario in which one could apply classical conditioning theory to, and bring forth the scenario by showing illustrations of how this could be used

Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired, a response that is first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone. Operant conditioning is a type of learning where behavior is controlled by consequences. This can be done by the use of positive punishment, negative punishment, positive reinforcement, and negative reinforcement. Classical and operant conditioning are instilled in us from a very early age without us even knowing what it is. We use it in training animals, teaching children, advertisement, and more.

Classical conditioning is the theory that involves a subject learning a new behavior by the process of association. A naturally occuring stimulus (the unconditioned stimulus) is paired with a response (the unconditioned response). Then, a neutral stimulus (the conditioned stimulus) is paired with the unconditioned stimulus and eventually the conditioned stimulus produces the initial response of the unconditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus being present. The response, therefore, becomes the conditioned response. This study had a major influence on the psychological study of behaviorism. “Behaviorism is based on the assumption that learning occurs through interactions with the environment” (Cherry 1). Classical conditioning

Learning can happen in numerous ways, but all fall under the category of being either classical conditioning or operant conditioning when we are dealing with Psychology terms. These two habituation methods are very comparable in nature, but do possess very specific distinctions in their differences. The major difference between classical and operant conditioning is the type of behaviors being conditioned. Classical is focused more on reflex and automatic actions whereas operant deals more with voluntary actions. Classical and operant conditioning are also different in the way they are taught. Classical conditioning involves introducing the subject to a neutral signal before reaction. Classical conditioning has four basic principles

Classical conditioning seeks to explain associations of stimulus that can predict outcomes in behavior upon repeated presentation. The ability to manipulate learning to alter behavior gives insight to the nature of reaction. Practicing classical conditioning is used to manipulate behavior and to further understand the complexities of the theory, Sniffy the Rat was placed into a chamber to examine the effciency of high order conditioning in respects to association. It was hypothesized that the original presentation of a tone with a shock will increase Sniffy’s freezing behavior, and a pairing to another stimulus will elicit slightly weaker response when presented in isolation as a second-order condition. Using 4 stages to slowly condition a

Learning theory can be summarized as behaviour which shows us how animals and people respond to a stimulus. This is incredibly important due to the direct impact it has on many features of daily life and how we implement this into our practices, from the way education systems are structured to the way we train dogs. The concepts of Classical Conditioning (a concept first established by Ivan Pavlov in the 1980’s) and Operant conditioning (founded by B.F Skinner around the 1920’s) can provide psychologists

One highly relatable concept in psychology that relates to the average everyday human life is conditioning. To survive in a constantly changing world and environment, organisms have acquired the ability to learn and adapt to their respective environments. Almost every learning scenario deals with conditioning. There are two types of conditioning. The first would be classical conditioning where the relation between a potent stimulus and neutral stimulus affects one another. A very basic example of classical conditioning done by Ivan Pavlov, would be when a dog smells and sees food, thus causing it’s mouth to generate saliva. In this example, the production of salvation is the product of a triggered response making saliva a conditioned stimulus (CS). On the other hand, the presence of food would be considered an unconditioned stimulus (US). (Cherry, 2017)