Tetrachlorodobenzo-P-Dioxidation Lab Report

In which petri dish did you observe the highest hatching viability? Did the results support your prediction in Pre-Laboratory Question #2?

2. Place 10 randomly selected sowbugs in each of the 3 empty tin bowls for 3 minutes to allow them to acclimate to the environment.

Introduction This experiment was undertaken in order to create stilbene dibromide. Bromine is added through electrophilic addition in attacking the double bond. This experiment was also executed to determine the stereochemistry of this addition reaction, whether it created meso products or d,l products. Data and Results Initially, 0.9 grams of stilbene were added to the solution.

The temperatures tested were 4°C, 30 °C, and 60°C. The optimal growth and prodigiosin production

according to the temperature but it will be faster in bacterial than in fungal, 100% hydrolysis

The purpose of this lab was to carry out a trans to cis photochemical isomerization of 1-2, dibenzoylethylene. The percent yield was used to calculate the accuracy of our trans to cis conversion, which we obtained to be 3.4 % because our cis solution got contaminated, which effected our actual yield of our product. This error was the result of not properly collecting the yellow needless and not having enough solution to put in our test tubes which resulted in us not having enough product for the photochemical isomerization for 1-2, Cis dibenzoylethylene. The theoretical yield of our trans was 0.025g C16H12O2 because we had inaccurately measured our recrystallized trans 1-2 dibenzoylethylene. The percent recovery was used to calculate the original substance we were supposed to recover.

Dispense .5 mL water into the already weighed conical vial, replace cap and face insert on its down side.

1) Adding sodium carbonate was the step in the reaction that prevented the extraction of acidic organic impurities from the tea solution. The carbonate ion reacts with acidic compounds to form H2CO3, it’s conjugate acid. The carbonic acid (H2CO3) can then go on to form carbon dioxide and water. 2) A - If you did not use sodium carbonate to remove the organic impurities, then this would have a positive systematic error affect on the final mass of the collected caffeine. This means that adding sodium carbonate prevents the extraction of these impurities, which would decrease the final collected mass and its acidic components.

A Beta fish Methods: The date the column was set up was approximately September 16, 2016. The experiment lasted

The purpose of the experiment is to oxidize a secondary alcohol (2-octanol) by using sodium hypochlorite (bleach) to produce 2-octanone. The starting material consisted of a sample of 2-octanol that was placed into a three-neck flask along with acetic acid and acetone creating an acidic solution. While monitoring temperature fluctuations to ensure a temperature of 400 Celsius was not reached, sodium hypochlorite slowly dripped from a separatory funnel into the acidic solution. Once this reaction reached its entirety, the solution was combined with sodium bisulfate to remove any of the remaining oxidizing agent. This solution was then tested and brought to a neutral pH using a sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction material was extracted using ether and was then washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution. The organic solution was then dried using magnesium sulfate and was then decanted and placed onto the rotovap. The produced weighed .599g and based on the infrared spectrum analysis (see Figure 1) preformed on the product it was determined to be 86.1% 2-octanol, which means .516g of 2-octanol was obtained in the final product.

After the conclusion of our experiment we refuted our original hypothesis of, “If the type of fungus (parasite or saprophyte) affects the enzyme activity, and you measure enzymes in lion’s mane an enoki, then the lions mane will have less enzyme activity? ” because we found the opposite was apparent in our experiment. While we though the Lion's mane mushroom (parasite) would have less enzyme activity than that of the Enoki mushroom (saprophyte) because the Lion's mane mushroom grows on a living hardwood tree, while the Enoki grows on a dead hardwood tree. That we saw was that The Lion's mane (parasite) which grows on a living hardwood tree, had more enzyme activity than the Enoki (saprophyte) which grows on a dead hardwood tree.

Chemistry. MMB (1) was synthesized from PTL via selenium dioxide oxidation using a modification of the method of Macias et al.31 The MMB-triazole carbamate synthon 6 was synthesized by reacting MMB with carbonylditriazole (5)37 in dichloromethane. Intermediate 6 was then reacted with a series of terminal diamino- and dihydroxyalkanes to obtain carbamate dimers 7a-7h and carbonate dimers 7i &7j, respectively (Scheme 1 and Table 1). The alkane chain length in these molecules was varied from 3 to 10 methylene units. The chemical reactivity of the diaminoalkane in the above reactions was observed to be related to the number of methylene units in the molecule; i.e. the longer methylene chain diamines were more reactive than the shorter length diamines.

The purpose of this experiment was to determine how much KMnO4 was needed to titrate approximately 1 mL of an Unknow X101 concentrated solution of Oxalic Acid. A standardized KMnO4 solution was used on a known solution of Oxalic acid to help determine the unknown percent oxalic acid in unknown X101. The unknown sample for this experiment was sample x101 which theoretically was a % Oxalic Acid dehydrate sample but, the average of all three trials determined it to be a 6.7% percent Oxalic acid.

To study the effects of temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration there were certain steps that were followed in order to conduct this experiment. Each factor had a separate procedure to follow to find how each had a different effect on the enzyme.

The common routes of exposure to DDT, and DDE occurs mostly from eating foods containing small amounts of these compounds, particularly meat, fish and poultry. Exposure may also occur with contact with DDT residues in airborne dust. (Fisher et al, 2003).