The acceptance of television brought what was once a fantastical thought experiment speeding into millions of American’s homes. This brought with it numerous challenges for the studios that were still reeling from the Paramount Decision, undecided just how to proceed and profit in the new times. This transition opened huge possibilities to profit in new spaces that had the Paramount Decision not occurred the would never have explored. By forming new alliances and giving Americans the films and entertainment they wanted to see, they were able to forge ahead in prosperous new directions.
The Studios having sustained lost revenue of over seven-hundred million dollars between 1946 and 1961 knew that they would need to do something if they wanted to survive (Lewis, 2008, p. 233). They saw televisions becoming popular and they chose to align themselves with the television production studios helping to increase their exposure to possible customers. That helped put them in front the people they wanted to bring back to theater. Although this helped increase their screen time it wasn’t enough and they looked to creating a more immersive experience, one that simply was unattainable in the home because they technology was not available at a reasonable cost.
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The televisions of the 1950’s had a 4:3 ratio screen so the studios chose to shoot in widescreen to help differentiate themselves. They changed from 1.33:1 to 1.85:1 and for some curved screens they even used 2.35:1 (Lewis, 2008, p. 234). The studios also experimented with 3D and improving the sound quality of the films with stereophonic sound. Most of these efforts however were ineffective and box office sales remained significantly less than were the studios would have
By the 1960s the studio system was all but over. Many cinemas were closed down and several of the production back lots sold. Society had changed dramatically particularly with the rise of youth and the youth market, and the old Hollywood product seemed stale to the rising youth audience. Times were changing and the industry had to change with it. The studio system had declined rapidly in the 1950s and by the late 1960s was all but over. The audience had segmented into different social groups with increased leisure options rather than the mass habit audience of the golden age. Many of the films the studios produced to compete with television seemed to many people old fashioned and part of a different world which led to a significant drop in
How many people today watch family sitcoms to imitate or compare values with their own? Probably not as many as there were in the 1950s. In Stephanie Coontz's "What We Really Miss about the 1950s", she discusses why people feel more nostalgic towards growing up in the 1950s, and how she disagrees that 1950s wasn't the decade that we really should like or remember best. Apart from economic stability, family values played an important part then. Through television sitcoms, such as "Leave it to Beaver", "Father knows Best", families watched them to make sure they were living correctly. It was like guidance and somewhat reassurance. However, values of families have changed, and this is shown on sitcoms today. We watch sitcoms today for
Secondly, there was a level of criticism brought against television from people who feared that television could, “have an array of devastating effects on family relationship and the efficient functioning of the household.” (Edgerton, p. 94) Also, educators were concerned on children’s increased time watching television. Educators argued that children had to pay full attention to the television, and this took them away from important tasks such as homework. Television response to this was to make television into the daily habit.
The advent of television and television shows may have come long after film, but it enhanced film production almost instantly. Television naturally derived from early film since each uses basically the same medium: the motion picture camera. Since film had already set a base in the industry and mastered the new techniques and technology of cinematography, television had the opportunity to learn from film?s mistakes and advance itself quickly. For this reason, television evolved very rapidly and was able to develop its own technology and techniques separate from film. The concept of television became so popular and gained so much success that Hollywood began experimenting with the technology and techniques television had brought about. The
The 1960’s was and important time in American history. Television became popular. John F. Kennedy was inaugurated as president and a few years later was assassinated. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was introduced. The psychedelic movement 1960’s. The Vietnam War. Despite all the things that was happening in the 1960’s it was still a great and bad time of that era.
The Supreme Court ruled against the Hollywood’s monopoly of the film industry of the United States, directing that the production and distribution of movies be separated from movie exhibition practices. The ruling marked the death of studio era and led to numerous changes in film industry decades later. The paramount decision pushed the Twentieth century fox, Big Five studios, MGM, Paramount, RKO and Warner Bros companies to sell some of their theatre chains. The ruling went ahead to outlaw the price discriminatory and purchasing arrangements, fixing of admissions prices, block booking and
The competition within the television market over the past eighty years or so has driven firms to create cheaper and higher quality televisions. Now, better quality televisions are more accessible
The continuing success of the film industry and the subsequent ticket sale receipts proved that the American public was interested in motion pictures and willing to pay for it. The introduction of sound and an ever increasing production value was putting customers into seats. “The idea was to get the public out of the house and into the theater, give them what they wanted and thus help them forget the Depression and the anxieties caused by the events leading up to the Second World War” (Barsam 427). What better way to make the most money out of movies than to control all aspects of the industry, thus making money each step of the way. This was the studio system in the golden age of Hollywood, a relatively brief, but influential time period
Television has changed a lot since the 60s. There are better graphics now then there
Both the rise in popularity of cinema going and its spectacular decline are not only well documented and discussed, but surprisingly, have generated little general disagreement among historians. Eddie Dyja states categorically that cinema popularity is easily explained, ‘it is cheap accessible and glamorous’1. Where as most of the blame for the decline is attributed to the advent of television.
In 1930’s the television was only available to the worthy people. RCA produced four models of television receivers, which were sold in department stores. The high prices of TV set made the product inaccessible to the population. Many unsold television sets were put into storage and sold after
Today, Film and Television are among the most internationally supported commodities. Financially, their contributions are enormous: both industries are responsible for the circulation of billions of dollars each year. Since their respective explosions into the new media markets during the mid-twentieth century, film and television have produced consistently growing numbers of viewers and critics alike. Sparking debate over the nature of their viewing, film and television are now being questioned in social, political, and moral arenas for their potential impact on an audience. Critics claim that watching films or television is a passive activity in which the viewer becomes subconsciously
The film industry has always been somewhat of a dichotomy. Grounded firmly in both the worlds of art and business the balance of artistic expression and commercialization has been an issue throughout the history of filmmaking. The distinction of these two differing goals and the fact that neither has truly won out over the other in the span of the industry's existence, demonstrates a lot of information about the nature of capitalism.
“Pop culture is the new babylon, into which so much art and intellect now flow, it is our Imperial Theatre, Supreme Temple of the Western eye. We live in the age of idols. The pagan past, never dead, flames again in our mystic hierarchies of stardom.” (Crowley & Heyer, 2011). Film began in the 1890’s, being under a minute long with no sound or colour, to what can now reach to three hours. By early 1960’s more than 90% of American homes had hold of TV’s. (Rodman, 2012) The motion picture camera and projector were two of the Industrial Revolution’s new gadgets. Movies and films are part of the mass media that able to drive the emotion, attitude and behaviour of people negatively, where the originality of movies purpose is for basic entertainment, educate or provide information to the public.
Before the 1950s even though television was in existence, the average models for home use were not able to create the type of entertainment experience that one would get when going to the movie theater. In fact, even when home theater systems did start becoming available, they were not via television. Instead, they were through projector equipment. Of course back then the technology was only limited to showing ‘home movies’ or more infamously silent stag films, but it was still establishing a trend that would continue even until today. This trend would involve turning one’s bedroom, basement or even a backyard into a movie theater of sorts. Granted, there doesn’t exist any home theater