The Accomplishments And Activism Of Anne Dallas Dudley

Just one hundred years ago, women in the United States were not allowed to vote. The 19th amendment was not ratified until June 4, 1919. The 19th amendment granted women the right to vote. Women activists had been fighting decades to have such a right. There were many factors that made the 19th amendment possible such as women’s rights organizations, advocates, conventions, and marches. The women’s right movement paved the way to accomplishing the ratification of a female’s right to vote.

Who were the main people involved? Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott initiated the first Women's Suffrage Movement, July 19, 1848 at Seneca Falls Convention, New York. At this convention Elizabeth Cady Stanton echoed the preamble of the Declaration Of Independence. “ We hold these truths to be self- evident: that all men and women are created equally.” Proving that when we declared our independence it was for everyone not just men. In 1866, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony formed an American Equal Rights Association. The Association was dedicated to the suffrage goals regardless of race or gender. Lucy Stone fought about the 15th Amendment, Ratified in 1870, and that the Amendment states that, “ The right of citizens to vote shall not be denied on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.Many of the women involved in suffrage began political work in the antislavery

In April, the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage was formed. The Union set out to recruit members who wanted not only to contribute to the cause, but also to volunteer their time in support of a federal suffrage amendment. When Congress assembled for its special session, the Union was prepared with a coordinated assembly comprised of one woman from each congressional district. Each of the women brought petitions and resolutions from voters in their district, and they arranged appointments with the congressmen and senators to lobby on behalf of the woman suffrage cause. As the Congressional Union moved forward as an independent organization, and as it launched its effort to campaign against the Democrats in the elections of 1914. By

Back in the mid 1800’s the first women’s convention was initiated by Elizabeth Stanton, along with others who founded the Women’s Suffrage Movement. After attending an World Anti-Slavery Society meeting, where the women were required to sit is a separate area away from the men, the women decided that they were little better than slaves and decided to do something about it. (Pearson, 2017)

Harris grew up in a Single parent home. Her performance at her high school in Chicago earned her many scholarships. She went to Howard University in Washington D.C. Attending Howard she was exposed to segregation and racial inequality. As she was in Howard she became apart of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP) where she participated in her first sit-in(in 1943) to force D.C to end segregation. In 1945 she grated Howard with honors and continued to go further in her education at University of Chicago where she studied industrial relations. After finishing her two year study at University of Chicago,(with her husbands encouragement) she went to George Washington University to study law. A year after graduating at the top of her class, she went back to Howard as an associate dean of student and lecture.

Eventually these reform organizations were heard and slowly states began extending suffrage to women. Finally in 1919, the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified, guaranteeing political rights to women throughout the nation. As great as this accomplishment seemed, many women wanted stronger reforms. The inability to achieve any more advancement in reform greatly limited the outcome of the movement. Alice Paul, who was head of the National Women's Party, argued that the Nineteenth Amendment was not strong enough to protect women's rights.

In 1869, The National Women's Suffrage Association was started by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Suffrage became the main goal of the movement. "Leaders of the movement believed that if women had the vote, they could use it to gain other rights" ("Women's Rights and Citizenship Throughout US History"). In order for improvement to occur in regards to women's rights, something had to be done that others will remember. Elizabeth knew nothing would change without a powerful voice stating this information. Both Elizabeth and Anthony contributed "50 years to the woman’s suffrage movement" (“Woman Suffrage: History and Time Line”).

With her father being a wealthy business person who was technically considered the first African American millionaire in the south, Mary was taught about being a hard worker, motivated, and the importance and value of a good education at an early age. When she was six years old, her parents sent her to the Antioch College Model School in Yellow Springs, Ohio. She later went on to attend Oberlin College in Ohio. And in 1884, she became one of the first African-American women to earn a college degree. Four years later she earned her master's degree in education.

The women’s suffrage movement finally came to a pause during the Civil War period. Right around two years after the war ended, the movement leaders directed their focus to the Midwest. In 1867, Kansas became the first state in the United States to hold a public referendum on women’s suffrage. A gathering of issues relevant to the nineteenth-century came along where women were presented at this meeting, but suffrage in regards to the right of voting immediately became the base of the women 's suffrage movement. When the U.S. Constitution that was formed in 1920 where the 19th Amendment was established; American women secured one of the most important, valuable rights of citizenship in regard to the right to vote. This particular amendment embodied a significant milestone in the larger and a continuous struggle to ensure equal rights for women.

Katherine Johnson was born August 26, 1918 and lived to be 99 years old. She was loved by many people including her spouse James Johnson and her later spouse James Goble. Also by her three girls Constance, Katherine, and Joylette Goble, and loved even more by her proud parents, Joylette and Joshua Coleman. She was one of three african americans to integrate to West Virginia’s School is something many people wanted to do but never did. She was so smart that she started High School when she was 13 and enrolled in college when she was only 18! She graduated with the “highest honors” in 1937. After that she took a job in teaching at a black public school in Virginia.

“Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment guarantees all American women the right to vote” (19th Amendment). Women fought for decades trying to gain their equal right to vote, and it was a long and difficult path. The tactics that were used by women of the National Woman 's Party (NWP) were creative and multifaceted. The leaders drew inspiration from many different sources such as: the early Women’s Rights Campaigns in

The nineteenth amendment to the United States Constitution states, “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.” This amendment was ratified on August eighteenth of 1920 by the Secretary of State, Bainbridge Colby. The amendment did not get ratified till 1920, but the fight for women’s suffrage started long before, in the mid nineteenth century (General Records of the United States Government, 2002). Today many women assume that their right to vote as if it has always; however, this luxury has not long existed. The amendment is not even a hundred year old yet. The nineteenth amendment has great history behind it, strong women who led it, and effects on the way we live our lives today.

Women’s suffrage, or the crusade to achieve the equal right for women to vote and run for political office, was a difficult fight that took activists in the United States almost 100 years to win. On August 26, 1920 the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States was ratified, declaring all women be empowered with the same rights and responsibilities of citizenship as men, and on Election Day, 1920 millions of women exercised their right to vote for the very first time.

“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex” (U.S. Constitution). These are the words that women across the country were fighting to hear. Congress passed the 19th Amendment on June 4th, 1919 and sent it to the states. Seventy- five percent of the states needed to ratify the Amendment for it to be official. Before her son, Congressman Harry Burn from Tennessee, made the crucial vote on Women’s Suffrage, Mrs. J. L. Burn wrote him a letter. She told him, “Hurrah! And vote for suffrage and don’t keep them in doubt… Don’t forget to be a

Susan B. Anthony was the first U.S. woman to vote in an election. She was an American women’s rights activist who played a private role in the women’s suffrage movement. She collected anti- slavery petitions at the age of 17 and she also