The Act Of Male Circumcision

Male circumcision has long been a debate with decisions based on cultural, ethnic, religious and social preference of the parent. There are both benefits and risks associated with the procedure of male circumcision. The procedure involves the removal of some or, the entire foreskin around the penis. Neonatal circumcision is rising among English speaking countries and it is known now that more than 80% of the male population has been circumcised. (CDC, 2006) This number is rising however; studies show that there is insufficient evidence to recommend neonatal circumcision as a routine decision. (AAP, 2006). Many debates of this procedure relate to the benefits versus the risk and medical costs that the procedure entails. This paper

According to a published report in the August 16th 2010 edition of the New York Time’s parents are choosing less and less to circumcise their new born sons. The article states instances of circumcision have declined “to just 32.5 percent in 2009 from 56 percent in 2006. The numbers are based on calculations by SDI Health, a company in Plymouth Meeting, Pa. that analyzes health care data”. Why are so many deciding to not have the elective procedure even though the rate of complication is extraordinarily low? What about the arguments for hygiene, sexual satisfaction, psychological and social concerns and, lest we dismiss, religious views?

The topic of the infant male circumcision is a controversial subject in the United States. This procedure involves a non-reversible surgical procedure that removes the prepuce, commonly called the foreskin, thus exposing the glans of the penis (Blank, et al., 2012). Currently this is considered a cosmetic procedure per surgical standards, and is performed upon the request of the parents of the newborn. The decision to have a circumcision performed is usually based upon personal, cultural, and religious factors. However, the overall view of the impact of the procedure on the newborn infant varies in our country, and has led to two conflicting camps of ideology. The pro-circumcision movement focuses on the potential health benefits gained of a circumcision, and feels it is a necessary procedure. The anti-circumcision movement claims there are no health benefits and that the procedure violates the fundamental human rights of the infant (Collier, 2012). Following extensive research, I have found that there is evidence-based proof that circumcision improves the overall health of the male newborn, with prolonged health benefits into adulthood. Circumcisions provide the health benefits of decreased rates of urinary tract infections(UTIs), reduced transmission of sexually transmitted disease, prevention of phimosis, and improved penile hygiene (Blank, et al., 2012, Marx & Lawton, 2008, Morris, Bailis, & Wiswell, 2014).

Females bodies are forcefully mutilated and depreciated to supposably better their lives when they become older despite health complications and failed child birth. Mother’s who cared about her daughter's future embraced circumcision. At a very young age mothers would take their daughters to an Elder with little to no education about the female reproductive organs” slicing off all or part of a woman's clitoris and labia as part of a ceremony that is often conducted around the time that the woman reaches puberty”(Khazan) A female who was not circumcised wasn't considered as normal and thought never to be married to a desirable husband. People felt like “ [...it will make a woman look more beautiful in the eyes of her husband…]”(Corbett). Woman depreciated their self-worth by mutilating their bodies to please or to be accepted

People in Asia or European countries are often shocked to hear that circumcision is a routine operation in the USA. People from these parts of the world (where 90% are uncircumcised) suffer no bad consequences as a result of keeping their foreskins intact.

Description: Male circumcision is an old traditional practice where the foreskin of the penis is removed by surgical means. The practice also has religious significance in a number of communities. The practice is less common in the West because of a poor awareness of the medical benefits. Recent research has shown that male circumcision significantly lowers the risk of infections and sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS in particular. However, male circumcision surgeries are expensive because of limited support in public health care programs.Â

In the USA, newborn male circumcision is a very common procedure, three-quarters of American men are circumcised. Though the rate of infant circumcision has always been high in the USA, the number varies depending on the State, “Circumcision rates vary wildly across the country - from more than 80% of newborns in states including Nebraska, Iowa, Wisconsin and Kentucky, to around 20% on the West coast, according to some calculations” (Hebblethwaite, C.,2012, August 21). However, in other countries, such as The UK, rates dropped after the National Health Service (NHS) rules that circumcisions was not medically necessary, so it would not be covered. In 1948 one-third of UK men were circumcised and now about 9% of men are. On the other hand, countries

Once upon a time in a land not so far away, a bouncing baby boy was born. His mother and father fawned over his features, from his bald little head to his tiny wrinkled feet. After speaking on the perfection of the entirety his existence, they pass the baby boy off to a nurse who brings him to a table where he is tied down and mutilated against his will with little to no anesthesia. The doctor performing the operation will say, “he will not even know it is happening,” while the baby screams his head off. After having a perfectly natural piece of his genitalia removed, he will be returned to the arms of his parents. This is the reality for 58% (BabyCenter) of the 2 million or so (NICHD) boys born in the United States every year. Circumcision is an unnecessary procedure that violates the rights of boys.

Debate the for (pro) circumcision stance and address the cultural and socioeconomic influences in your debate.

Female circumcision is based on gender oppression and degradation of women. It is the result of a patriarchal society trying to sexually control women. Women are stripped of their sexuality and their virginity is controlled until they are married. As in most patriarchal societies, marriage is essential to the economic survival of women. Therefore, in the minds of these people, the benefits gained from this operation for the girl and her family far outweigh any potential danger. They look forward to circumcision as a coming-of-age ritual, which is necessary to maintain health, virginity and family honor. Circumcised women are considered beautiful while uncircumcised women are considered ugly, unclean, and unfit for marriage. So when parents request a genital procedure for their daughter, they are only seeking to enhance their child's acceptance into their culture and assure her desirability as a wife.

Female circumcision has been a cultural tradition practiced in different parts of the world for many years in order to secure virginity until marriage. In Africa female genital mutilation tradition is a part of the Muslim culture and parts of the Middle East, for the women to be desirable by her husband. (JPEG) Consequently, girls the ages of 4 through 14 are to endure the severe pains of female circumcision in order to not betray their culture and family beliefs. (Ali, 2016) In the US, the estimated number of females between 15 and 49, who are either at risk of genital mutilation or who have already undergone a procedure, has reached more than 500,000, triple the amount reported in the 1990 national census. (Female genital mutilation in the US tripled in 25 years, 2015) This controversial practice performed on females lead advocates to believe that this is a form of female genital mutilation that must come to an end. (Ali, 2016)

Circumcision is a barbaric practice that has no medical purposes besides for appearance and what is more attractive to the opposite gender. Circumcision is the removal of the foreskin, it is a practice that got started because of religion. Circumcision is usually performed on the second day after the baby is born. During a circumcision, the foreskin is freed from the head of the penis, and the extra foreskin is removed. The foreskin is a normal part of a male child, it is not a birth defect or something that has to be removed for the safety of the child. Circumcision is painful to the baby boy, they do not give them medicine to numb the pain or put them to sleep. The baby is in so much pain from the removal of the foreskin they go into shock

Before today, I had not put a lot of thought into the issue of male circumcision; I did already know that male circumcision was important to some religions because I myself was religious and have seen it mentioned in the Bible. However, I assumed that most male infants in the United States were circumcised for one reason or another; I also did not know males would get circumcised after infancy too, like in the video. Today, through reading the article about the position of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) fact sheet, I would agree that male circumcision is beneficial for infant males.

On the two stories from the reading 25 and 26, we can find two sides connections, as I find a different situation between male circumcision and female genital cutting. These two topics show a different relation just on the fact that male circumcision is a procedure for a safety matter in or a protection against STDs and HIV, but referring to (Darby, 273) I quote this line “Laumann found that circumcised men had more STDs, and the United States reports an HIV incidence six-time grater than Japan”. This line clarifies that that circumcision is not a safe practice to avoid any STDs but this actions that families make to their kids at a younger age is just for the matter of safety knowing that is not going to protect them from any type of sexually

The world is in a constant conflict in terms of defining a man with bodily features - what truly makes a man, a man? For years upon years, society has placed an emphasis on the process of circumcision, the removal of the foreskin or prepuce of the penis. Typically completed just after birth in the United States, this is amongst one of the most common surgical procedures completed with an average of one million newborn children receiving this procedure annually. Surely, a procedure as common as this must have some societal significance, which this paper aims to discover. What is the true meaning we put behind male circumcision? Are the religious and ethical reasons truly significant enough to reliably promote a medical procedure this significant? Why do we still perpetuate a culture surrounding the masculinity of circumcision?