Essay on The Adverse Effects of Exposure to Benzene

Protecting the environment from toxic contaminants such as pesticide, herbicide, and other Solvents are vital to the survival of the inhabitants of the respective environment. This is important because such contaminants, when released into the environment can create devastating health problems such as cancer in humans. This paper will evaluate three of the many carcinogenic chemicals that have the propensity to cause cancer and other health problems. Therefore, the paper will evaluate Agent Orange, DDT, and Benzene.

Protecting the environment from toxic contaminants such as pesticide, herbicide and other Solvents are vital to the survival of the inhabitants of the respective environment. This is important because such contaminants, when released into the environment can create devastating health problems such as cancer in humans. This paper will evaluate three of the many carcinogenic chemicals that have the propensity to cause cancer and other health problems. Therefore, the paper will evaluate Agent Orange, DDT, and Benzene.

Benzene CASRN 71-43-2 | IRIS | US EPA, ORD. (2003). Cfpub.epa.gov. Retrieved 27 January 2017, from https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris2/chemicalLanding.cfm?substance_nmbr=276

Gasoline are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons (Gary et al, J., 2007) additives, and blending agents. The composition of gasoline depends on the refinery processes, the crude oil used, the overall balance of product demand, and the especially the product specifications. The typical composition of gasoline hydrocarbons (% volume) is: 4-8% alkanes; 2-5% alkenes; 25-40% isoalkanes; 3-7% cycloalkanes; l-4% cycloalkenes; and 20-50% total aromatics (0.5-2.5% benzene). Table 1 shows

Benzoic acid is also commonly known as Phenyl Carboxylic Acid, Dracylic Acid, Benzenecarboxylic Acid, Benzoate, and Retardex to name only a few. It can be identified by it's chemical formula C7H6O2 or by its molecular formula C6-H5-C-O2-H. Benzoic acid has a molecular weight of approximately 122.12 g/mol. At room temperature, it appears to be an opaque solid, generally a white power or crystal. At normal STP benzoic acid is a stable compound so it will not react; however, it can decompose under certain conditions, which can cause toxic carbon oxides, also it reacts with oxidizers to product vigorous exothermic reactions. When benzoic acid is exposed to a heat source or to a flame; there is a small

More than 60 are known to or suspected to cause cancer. It doesn’t only cause cancer but other disease such as heart disease, coughing, mucus, chest discomfort, and reduced lung function, asthma attacks, and low birth-weight babies.

These substances not only trigger liver, heart, kidney and nervous system deterioration, but also cause lung impairment and cancer.

They also claimed that upset emission are getting worse. They suggest that refineries should upgrade their equipment and hire more workers to prevent accidents. The Bucket Brigade highlighted the Exxon Mobil Complex in Baton Rouge. It was caused by leaking bleeder valve Tank 801. There was about ten pounds of benzene released at 5am on June 14, 2012. There were iWitness pollution may detailing strong odors of burnt tar. The benzene is known to cause cancer in humans.

In recent years, the oil and natural gas industry has continued to expand to populated areas, thus growing a concern for nearby communities regarding volatile organic compounds (VOCs) air toxics and human exposure.1 Current screening methods to determine exposure of toxic VOCs such as the family of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylene and Xylene (BTEX) requires a traditional gas chromatograph (GC), which requires high energy use and its bulky size is not ideal for long-term field deployment and real-time measurements. Sensor technology advancements have enabled the use of low-cost devices to measure VOCs, but require additional techniques for chemical speciation for BTEX identification (i.e.

Kim Krisberg is the author of Harmful Chemicals Found in E-cigarettes. She has been writing about public health for more than a decade and is a freelance public author that lives in Austin, Texas. The Nation’s Health is a online newspaper from the American Public Health Association. This online publication has the latest health news for healthcare professionals and has won countless awards for its publications. Krisberg’s article reveals that a flavoring chemical in electronic cigarettes has been linked to respiratory illnesses. Researchers from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health have tested 51 types of flavored e-cigarettes and the liquids and found chemicals like diacetyl, acetoin, and pentanedione inside. Diacetyl when inhaled is what causes people to get “popcorn lung.” The other chemicals have been linked to other serious health problems.

The chemical formula for benzyl chloride also known as a-chlorotoluene is C7H7CL. This chemical is a colourless liquid with a very pungent odor, has a melting point of -48 to -43 °C, and a boiling point of 179.4 °C. It has several health concerns such as eyes, nose, and throat irritation. If inhaled it could cause lung edema. The chemical can also spread to important organs such as your heart, stomach, lungs, muscles. It could also go into your bloodstream. Most importantly human data are considered in with the evidence of cancer by the exposure to benzyl chloride. This is because of the studies involving small numbers of cancer deaths and who were exposed to mixtures of chlorinated compounds. The production of benzyl chloride in the western

Styrene is a colorless liquid with a sweet smell when it is in its pure form.7. Its molecular formula is C8H8 with a molecular weight of 104.152 g/mol.8. Additional names for styrene include ethenlybenze, styrol, vinyl benzene, and phenylethylene. It has a boiling point of 145 C and a melting point of -30.65 C. It is less dense that water as well as being less dense than water. It can polymerize if a polymerization inhibitor such as terbutylcatechol is not present. If it polymerizes in a closed container, the container could explode. If exposed to light and air, styrene will begin to polymerize and oxidize which will lead to peroxides being formed.

For years, there have been studies to suggest that e-cigarette release toxic compounds. However, the source for such findings was recently discovered at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and it indicates that there is not a direct link to the source, but rather wide range of individual factors like temperature and age, for example, that differently affect the emission levels. Toxic chemicals like acrolein and formaldehyde are released from e-cigarettes which decomposes the two solvents (propylene glycol and glycerin) that are used in the vaporization of e-cigarettes. To find the ingredients used in the vapor, researchers compared two different e-cigarettes using gas and a liquid chromatography. They discovered that the puffs which are

A study done by the Berkeley lab team, found that the total integrated harm rises sharply in the first five hours after a cigarette has been smoked, and continues to rise for another five hours, and doesn’t start to level off until after 10 hours. Another study done by Hugo Destaillats called “Inhalable Constituents of Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke: Chemical Characterization and Health Impact Considerations,” stated that,“Many smokers know secondhand smoke is harmful, so they don’t smoke when their kids are present. But if, for example, they stop smoking at 2 p.m. and the kids come home at 4 p.m., our work shows that up to 60 percent of the harm from inhaling thirdhand smoke remains” (Chao). Dr. Manuela Martins-Green, a professor of cell biology at University of California-Riverside, found in a recent study that cigarette smoke toxins left on surfaces can affect asthma, liver functions, wound healing and attentiveness. In this study she placed mice in a normally ventilated habitat containing curtains and an upholstery that had been exposed to cigarette smoke to mimic human exposure to thirdhand smoke. After six months, researchers examined the mice and compared them to a control sample to determine if any ill health effects could be seen. “What we saw is that even with these small types of exposure, the lung already had a lot of inflammation and a lot of collagen deposition, which means fibrosis,” she said. “Fibrosis destroys

Since the Industrial Revolution, there has been an increased presence of pollutants and carcinogens in the environment, specif-ically in urban areas.1 The presence of airborne pollutants can lead to an increase in allergic reactions and asthma rates. A common airborne pollutant is carbon monoxide (CO), which is commonly found in diesel exhaust. It is an odorless gas produced from me-thane and non-methane hydrocarbon oxidation.2 The toxic gas eliminates and takes the place of oxygen in the form of carboxy-hemoglobin when it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. It also affects the binding sites of heme groups, which complicates the transfer of oxygen to tissues.3 The majority of deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning is brought on from car exhaust.4 Between the years 1979 and 1988, 57% of deaths from carbon monoxide poi-soning were brought from car exhaust. There tend to be higher rates of carbon monoxide poisoning from car exhaust in northern regions, where temperatures are relatively low (Figure 1). 5