The Analysis and Use of Financial Statements, 3rd Edition, Gerald I. White, Ashwinpaul C. Sondhi, Dov Fried

Marketing. Because of the large number of suppliers selling similar products, apparel-retail firms must stimulate demand with attractive store layouts, colorful product offerings, and various sales promotions.

April Cruz, Litesha Forbes, Phillip Gibson, Jessica Hewlett, Lily James, Velda Justin, and Nzingha Reel

Two traditional approaches to fund programs are grants and donations. Grant funding is typically the largest revenue source for a human service organization. Vast arrays of different grants are available for funding purposes. The XYZ Corporation can utilize these funds from government private foundations. The second traditional fundraising method to fund programs is donations. Building a relationship with the community and having a confident CEO that will reach out for donations can impact the amount of donations your organization receives annually. The XYZ Corporation has a large clientele and therefore should be able to gain recognition within the community and gain donations.

3. What are each of the financial statements commonly called in for-profit health care organizations and in not for-profit care organizations?

It is easy to forget that pouring money into a problem will not fix it unless revenue flows continue or are increased and expenses are controlled. Some of the easiest computations can be made with information retrieved from balance sheets and income statements provided by accountants. Ratios such as the current ratio, long-term solvency ratio, contribution ratio, programs and expense ratio, general and management expense ratio, fund-raising and expense ratio, and revenue and expense ratio can provide a picture of where a company stands now compared to where it was in past years and what may need to be done in the future.

This Income Statement also known as the Earnings Statements or statement of operation, is one of the four Financial Statement used by accountants, business owner’s, and investors. The Income Statement provides a detailed look into how profitable a business has been over a designated period of time.

Total assets at the end of its most recent annual reporting period? Why is this important?

Historical cost is the most common adopted measurement basis in the IASB; FASB suggests that market selling price (Fair Value) is more accurate description of how much assets and liabilities are currently reflected in financial reporting (SFAC 5, 2008). In other words, it was about the historical cost versus fair value. Historical cost gives priority to existing shareholders and regard stewardship as an important function of financial reporting (Whittington, 2008). Historical cost records actual transaction with supporting documents so the financial report is less subject to manipulation by management (Shortridge et al., 2006). The information is relevant to forecasting future cash flows within entity specific perspective rather than direct valuation of future cash flows. Historical cost accounting may lack relevance as during period of inflation (Pozen, 2009). The fact that relevant information has predictive value strengthens its decision making power over reliability principle (KAYA,

Landry’s Debt to Asset ratio also increased from year 2002 to 2003. In 2002 Landry had a debt to asset ratio of 0.39. In 2003 Landry’s debt to asset ratio increased to 0.45. While both numbers are acceptable and considerably low, the increase from 2002 to 2003 could influence potential investors to not invest in Landry’s stock. This increase also suggests that Landry’s debt also increased from 2002 to 2003. Overall, while there was a slight increase from 2002 to 2003 Landry’s still had a good debt to asset ratio. We think that a contributing factor to the debt

These standards are made to satisfy the diversified need of all stakeholders. All information related with the accounting information for all stakeholders is given in the standards. For the government, capital assets do not contribute to future cash flows. The notion of accountability used in the reporting entity.

The purpose of this paper is to present and explain the statement of cash flows by incorporating the statements No. 95, 102 and 104 that establish standards for cash flows reporting issued by FASB[i].

The balance sheet and Income statement are the most important financial statements of the company that help conduct current analysis of company and evaluate its trends overtime. The balance sheet represents the company snapshots of its financial position on the last days of accounting period. Apple balance sheets, which represent a snapshot of its ending balances in asset, liability and equity account as of the date stated on the report, are changes each year from 2003 to 2014. On the other hand, the income statement shows its financial performance over 2003 to 2014. Apple basically ends its accounting period in September. Most of the long-term debts are in the form of the bonds. According to appleinsider.com, Apple recently issues a new euro bond worth about $2.26 billion with a maturity date on January 17, 2024 and coupon rate of 1.375% payable annually. The first payment will occur on January 17, 2016. Moody’s recently assigned a rating of Aa to Apple Inc. 's senior unsecured note issuance. Thus, Apple recent capital expenditure amount to 11,488 million according to morningstar.com. The analysis of financial statements is conduct to compare Apple with one of its closest rival Hewlett-Packard and twelve ratio were calculated. From table1 and chart1, the current ratio that determine the company ability to meet its short term obligation shows Apple’s current ratio is higher than that of Hewlett-Package from 2003 to 2014. That is, Apple is solvent than Hewlett Packard. Table

For this research I need financial information from the Balance Sheets and Financial Statements of listed non-financial firms. According to the previously discussed theory, entrusted loans can be tracked down on the lender 's side more easily, not only because of the distinctive movement in their balance sheets, but because bigger, listed corporation usually face much stricter reporting obligations, thus it is easier to acquire their financial data. The Standard and Poor 's Capital IQ database (Standard and Poor 's, 2015) provides financial data on listed corporations all around the globe. It has a great coverage of data across countries and time periods for all sectors. All the data is provided in million US dollars. The database uses the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) (Standard and Poor 's, 2008), which categorizes firms into 10 sectors, with further sub-groups for better transparency. Since I am only interested in non-financial corporations, firms, whose principal activity is not finance, such as a telecommunication or a railway company, I have to drop all financial companies from my sample. GICS designates the financial sector with the number 40(Standard and Poor 's, 2008), thus non-financial corporations are defined as firms, whose industry classification is not equal 40. As it is very important to only have non-financial corporations in my sample, any firms with ambiguous or missing industry classification, was dropped.

The objectives of financial reporting are a key element of financial accounting standard setting. Standard setters have identified financial accounting as providing valuation-relevant information and contracting-relevant information (Zeff, 2012). The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) states that the general objective of financial reporting is to provide ‘information that is useful to represent any potential investors and creditors and other users in making rational investment, credit and similar decisions’ (FASB, 2008). It is then narrowed down into two sub-objectives; ‘information to help users in assessing the amounts, timing and uncertainty of prospective cash receipts’ (decision-usefulness) and ‘information

Preparation and presentation of a company’s financial statements is a process that is laden with the use of estimates. The conceptual framework released by the Financial Accounting Standards Board indicates that a company prepares financial statements with the intention of assisting investors assess the company’s future cash flow prospects (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2010). However, the process used by a company in assessing its cash flows is reliant on the use of estimates and conjecture. For example, the company has to determine the fair value of its assets on an ongoing basis if approximate value in the market is to be reflected in the financial statements. These values are arrived