The Anatomy Of Melancholy By Robert Burton

Major depressive disorder is the most common form of depression. It is also known as clinical depression. In order to be diagnosed, symptoms must be present for two weeks, and occurs twice as often in women as

The term “depression” was derived from a Latin verb deprimere, "to press down." Dated as far back to the 14th century, the term "to depress" meant to bring down in spirits or to conquer (AllDisease.org, 2011). Even though melancholia continued to be the leading diagnostic expression, depression increased its frequency (its usage of name) in the medical field and was a synonym by the end of its century. The DSM-I (1952) (as cited in Girdlera & Klatzkinb, 2007) refers to depressive reaction and the DSM-II (1968) (as cited in Girdlera & Klatzkinb, 2007) depressive neurosis, as words that define an extreme reaction to an identifiable conflict or an internal circumstance (DSM, 2000).

Depression is characterized by depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, changes in weight or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty concentrating, or recurrent thoughts of death. A diagnosis of major depressive disorder requires the presence of five or more symptoms during the same two-week period and

Depression has always been a mystery to us; throughout time, we have tried to figure out what causes depression and how to cure it. In the 17th century, a British clergy and scholar named Robert Burton wrote a book called The Anatomy of Melancholy. He believed that depression or melancholy is produced by an excess of black

Depression is a clinical condition associated with the normal emotions of bereavement and sadness. However, this condition does not pass on when the external causes of these emotions dissolve and is usually inconsistent to their cause. In essence, the classic severe conditions of depression have not been attributed to external precipitating cause. One of the most common conditions of depression is Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), which is a psychiatric condition that impairs moods, behavioral patterns, and thoughts for a protracted duration. This psychiatric illness tends to impair the patient’s social functioning and quality of life due to its impacts on cognitive functioning. Some of the most common symptoms of the condition include difficulty in concentration, weight change, minimal interest in pleasure, high rate of suicide, and physical impairment. The severity of this disease was evident in the year 2000 when the World Health Organization ranked it as the fourth cause of disability and premature death across the globe.

Major depression is a disorder, also known as clinical depression. Major Depression is a constant sense of hopelessness. (www.webmd.com, n.d.) When you have Major Depression, you will experience different symptoms, learn about treatment options, and learn how to deal with it on a day to day basis.

Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression, it affects how you feel, think and behave and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems. You may have trouble doing normal day-to-day activities, and sometimes you may feel as if life isn't worth living.

Depression is a disorder associated with major symptoms such as increased sadness and anxiety, loss of appetite, depressed mood, and a loss of interest in pleasurable activities. The greeks once described depression as chronic melancholy. The term depression was derived from the Latin verb deprimere, "to press down". From the 14th century, "to depress" meant to bring down in spirits. It was used as early as 1665 to refer to someone having "a great depression of spirit". Since Aristotle, melancholia had been associated with men of learning and intellectual brilliance, a hazard of contemplation and creativity. The newer concept abandoned these associations.

In Horwitz’s “Creating an Age of Depression: The Social … Depression Diagnosis”, the social construction of major depression and its diagnosis is examined. Based on Horwitz’s findings, I believe that creating a specific diagnosis for major depression disorder (MDD) was not

Major Depressive Disorder or MDD is a very common clinical condition that affects millions of people every year. According to the Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, “ depression is under diagnosed & untreated by most medical doctors, despite the fact that it can almost always be treated successfully.

For awhile Depression was found to be diagnosed in a lot of people.From modern day diagnosis there is a fine line between

Freud (1917) explained depression as a response to loss. This could be either real loss, such as a loss of a family member, or a symbolic loss, such as failure to achieve an important goal. Freud suggested that loss caused a person to have a weakened ego which resulted in self hate and self destruction. This was the first time people started believing that depression was an illness that was caused because of an event happening to that individual, rather than it being some sort of brain disorder or physical disease. During the 19th and 20th centuries treatments involved lobotomy. Lobotomies were often ineffective, and caused people to have personality changes, unable to make decisions, and poor judgment and sometimes led to comas and death. In the 1950s and 1960s knowledge of the brain and brain chemistry increased which resulted in believing depression was caused by a change in the environment, such as the death of a family member. This is why the visualisation is so relevant. Any one can experience some sort of loss. Currently it is accepted that depression is caused by biological, psychological and social factors and that all approaches to treatment have an important role to play. Today there are a number of treatments for depression (NHS, 2012). These include talking therapies such as cognitive behaviour therapy, interpersonal therapy and counselling, as well as medical treatments such as

Depression is a normal emotional reaction to perceived loss and hopelessness (Segal, Williams, & Teasdale, 2002). There are a number of different types of depression such as chronic depression, manic depression and the primary focus of this essay Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). MDD is a clinical depression, which is more chronic and more severe compared to other types of depression. It significantly disrupts the individual’s ability to meet the normal demands of life. According to many clinicians, clinical depression should be considered as a medical illness in need of medical intervention. Other mental health professionals believe this is an overstatement of the role of physiology and the

People of all ages, backgrounds, and walks of life have felt depressed and unhappy at some time in their lives. These periods of sadness usually pass after a short time, but for some people, this feeling can remain for weeks, months, and even years. (1) This prolonged state of unhappiness is called major (or clinical) depression and is characterized by a persistent sad or "empty" mood, loss of interest in favorite activities, difficulty concentrating, and many other symptoms. It is not simply a mental state but an illness that interferes with the way people feel, function, and think.(2)

The need for a classification of mental disorders has been clear throughout the history of medicine. The American Psychiatric Association, the DSM was first published in 1984. The DSM-IV symptom criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) are somewhat lengthy, many studies showing that treatment providers have difficulty recalling all nine symptoms (American Psychological Association, 2010). The symptom inclusion criteria for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) have remained essentially unchanged during the past 35 years. Since there has been more revision and more research, the criteria for depressive disorders has been changed to be able to diagnose each individual more appropriately. This is why the DSM-5 was developed.