The And Clinicopathological Value Of Poly ( Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose ) Polymerase Expression Essay

with prostate cancer deciding between treatment options and dissected transcripts from women with unilateral breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women. Despite the many technological advances that have been made to detect breast cancer at earlier stages, it continues to kill more women than any other cancer. Breast cancer affects all women, but the mortality rates from it are significantly higher in Black women than any other group (Hunt, Whitman, & Hurlbert, 2013). These rates are especially concerning when considering that White women are diagnosed at much higher rates.

It is estimated that 40,030 deaths from breast cancer (39,620 women, 410 men) are will occur in 2013. Breast cancer is second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Breast cancer death rates have been decreasing steadily since 1989, rates decreased by 3.0% per year in women younger than 50 and by 2.0% per year in women 50 and older between 2005 and 2009. This decline is attributed to prevention, early detection, improved healthcare services and reduced use of MHT.

The baseline cohort was retrieved from the SEER9 database and consisted of females diagnosed with breast cancer as a first primary cancer identified by diagnosis codes from the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology

This paper explores two articles Identifying Women with Dense Breasts at High Risk for Interval Cancer (2015), how certain states have laws that the doctors need to tell the women if they have dense breast or not. If the women do have dense breast that they have to get supplemental imaging because when women do have dense breast they are at a higher risk of getting cancer. Also, Elevated Expression of HABP1 Is Correlated with Metastasis and Poor Survival in Breast Cancer Patients (2015), Hyaluronan-binding protein 1 (HABP1) is a protein with a high affinity of HA and is shown to have regulated in the cancer cells. When silencing the HABP1 it doesn’t allow the migration of breast cancer cell lines.

All around the world, breast cancer has become a huge issue and has effected many lives.

Breast Cancer affects one in eight of American women, and is the second most common cause of cancer death in America. I chose to write my term paper on breast cancer because it is a disease that has effected some members of my family. Due to this possibly inherited condition, I felt that researching the topic would help me learn ways to prevent the disease and educate myself to perform self-exams that may result in early detection.

This paper will inform you of Breast Cancer. It is the most common form of cancer in women today but thanks to medical advances it is no longer the number one killer of women.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with nearly 1.7 million new cases diagnosed in 2012 (second most common cancer overall). This represents about 12% of all new cancer cases and 25% of all cancers in women. Breast cancer is hormone related, and the factors that modify the risk of this

Breast cancer is a genetic disorder occurs in breast cells because of irregularities in cell growth and division. It mostly occurs due to modifications of regulatory genes known as oncogene and tumor suppressor genes [1].Around 180,000 cases of breast cancer are diagnosed in United States and 40,000 people die each year [2]. Approximately 50% of hereditary breast cancer cases reported are related to error in repair mechanisms due to loss of BRCA1 AND BRCA2 genes. It is important to scrutinize incidence rate as it can help estimate lifetime and age-conditional risks. Established factors that increase risk of breast cancer are; age, familial history, previous radiation therapy and exposure to estrogen.

Cancer is a leading cause of death and major health problem all over the world. According to the statistics from World Health Organization (WHO), more than 10 million people are diagnosed with cancer and about 6 million will die from these disease each year. Among all the cancers, breast cancer is the most widespread malignancy in women. In 2013, Breast cancer was estimated to claim close to 40,000 lives with over 200,000 new cases in American women, making it major cancer mortality reason among women (Ping, Siegal, Almeida, Schnitt & Shen, 2014). There is still no known cause for breast cancer however some of the known risk factors are family history, alcohol abuse, aging, and obesity. Preventing breast cancer is still an issue but early diagnoses can help stop the cancer from spreading to other parts of the body and also reduce breast cancer deaths.

the estimated risk of death in patients with primary breast cancer by taking of the risk of recurrent metastatic events simultaneously is be intended in the joint survival model.

However, the study also focused on participants who currently had operable breast cancer and used a mastectomy to remove the cancer to prevent further occurrence, while the clinical scenario patient was a breast cancer survivor, who was considering having a mastectomy to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence. The median age of participants was 54, which varied slightly to the age of the clinical scenario patient, who is 47, but remains a similar factor, as both the participants and the patient were adults. Both the study participants and the patient in the clinical scenario had a family history of breast cancer; however not all of the participants had a family history of cancer, 18% of the participants were identified with a family history of breast cancer. Most factors indicate that there is a high similarity between the patient and the study

When added to previous discoveries, these new findings bring the total count of genetic mutations associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer to around 180.

Breast cancer accounts for one third of all new cancer diagnoses in the United States (Cauley, et al., 2007). The first sign in the process of this disease is a lump that forms around the breasts. For this reason, it is necessary to get the yearly mammograms once a woman reaches a certain age. Also, monthly self-examinations can aid in finding breast cancer early. If this condition is found early enough, chances of survival are abundant. Most women who get breast cancer are older than 50 with 86% of the deaths occurring in this age group (Cauley, et al., 2007). Postmenopausal women have a higher risk for breast cancer, because the risk increases when levels of endogenous estradiol rise (Cauley, et al., 2007). Breast cancer is the most common cancer that occurs in women. This epidemic has a higher incidence rate among white women than in African American women, but African American women have a higher mortality rate (Breast Cancer Risk Factors, 2010). White women are more apt to develop this disease than any other ethnicity. However, in women under 45, breast cancer is more common in African American women (Breast Cancer Risk Factors, 2010).