The, And Inferno, By Dante Alighieri

There are two sides to every story. The events may be the same, but the tone in which the story is told shapes the reader’s understanding of the events. This idea is never more evident than through the disparity between Burton Raffel’s translation of Beowulf and John Gardner’s Grendel. Both novels are based on the idea of Beowulf killing Grendel. However, the two different points of view telling the story create vastly different novels. Beowulf highlights the heroic and positive world in which Beowulf lives. Whereas Grendel elucidates on the miserable life that Grendel is circumscribed to. The consistent variance in tone skews the events in two completely different directions. The tone between Beowulf and Grendel differ in

Beowulf is a great piece of Anglo-Saxon literature that can be, and has been, translated in multiple ways. Of the many outstanding translations, two of which are by Burton Raffel and Seamus Heaney, different ways of writing are portrayed. Grendel’s description is written quite differently in both translations. Heaney’s translation is more similar to the Anglo-Saxon style of writing than Raffel’s translation.

Dante Alighieri’s epic poem, Inferno, and the Book of Revelation as told by John in the Bible each regale the natural curiosity of humans involving manifestations of endings and possibilities of new beginnings in the afterlife. The purpose of informing God’s people of these manifestations and possibilities is mutual and key to the preparedness of humans for life after death. Still, justice is surely delivered appropriately in Inferno and Revelation, due to God’s brilliant arrangements. Divergence between minutiae is outshone by appreciation of seemingly incredulous similarities between God’s plans in the texts. Analysis reveals that Inferno and the Book of Revelation share countless themes, concepts, and scenes, though they differ slightly in the specific details surrounding the unfolding events.

Imagine a place where tyrants stand up to their ears in boiling blood, the gluttonous experience monsoons of human filth, and those who commit sins of the flesh are blown about like pieces of paper in a never-ending wind storm. Welcome to Dante 's Inferno, his perspective on the appropriate punishments for those who are destined to hell for all eternity. Dante attempts to make the punishments fit the crimes, but because it is Dante dealing out the tortures and not God, the punishments will never be perfect because by nature, man is an imperfect creature. Only God is capable of being above reproach and of metering out a just punishment. While Dante 's treatment towards the tyrants is fitting, his views on the

       From 1805 until the present there have been introduced an abundance of paraphrases, translations, adaptations, summaries, versions and illustrations of Beowulf in modern English and in foreign languages due mostly to two reasons: the desire to make the poem accessible, and the desire to read the exotic (Osborn 341). It is the purpose of this essay to present a brief history of this development of the popularity of the poem and then compare some of the translations with respect to some more difficult passages in the poem Beowulf.

Beowulf and Grendel are two different stories, and characters, who look at the same situation in polarized ways. Each character has their own story that is written from different time periods: the Anglo-Saxon time period and America in the 1970’s. Both of these time periods have different attributes that make them special; the Anglo-Saxon time period consists of the literary movement of the epic poem and America in the 1970’s consists of the literary movement known as postmodernism. Beowulf is shaped by the Anglo-Saxon time period through its use of the heroic code and religious influences and Grendel is shaped by the American 1970’s time period through its use of metafiction and an unreliable narrator.

Dante Alighieri wrote the Divine Comedy from 1308-1320. The story narrates Dante’s pilgrimage through hell, purgatory, and heaven while guided by Virgil and Beatrice. Throughout this journey Dante conforms himself to virtue, properly orders his passions, and conforms his conscience, “Dante 's psychopoiesis operates through the mimetic deformation, reformation, and transformation of conscience” (Macready, 2). This essay will examine what a true conscience is according to the Catechism of the Catholic Church and explore the nature of the conscience in Dante’s Divina Commedia. Additionally, this essay will examine the errors of Dante’s conscience regarding divine justice, love, and courage; and who contributes to this formation.

Beowulf, known as the oldest poem in the written English language, written with no known author, tells a fascinating story involving an epic hero of his time and a not so understood “monster.” The hero’s name is Beowulf, purposefully being the same title as the poem itself, he sets out on a journey from his home to the Danes from a terrible creature that’s harming innocent people. As any “hero” would. Beowulf wants to prove to himself and the people that he is, in fact, the strongest man on earth. Although Beowulf is a fine piece of writing on its own, it fails to tell all of the story, just like any other one-sided story does. But, thanks to the novel, Grendel, written by John Gardner, we get to peek inside the villain’s life for a change, which ultimately very well may change the reader’s view of the story completely.

Although both books are written about similar topics, it is expression that separates the two. In the novel “Beowulf” by Seamus Heaney, and in the novel “Grendel” by John Gardner, both books explore what it means to recreate ancient english stories. By reading Beowulf or Grendel, one can distinguish the literary difference in each book when it comes to style of writing, format, and common elements in each book, therefore causing the reader to compare the overall purpose of each book.

Many works are so inspiring, they are retold time and time again, sometimes in fresh, unheard ways. The ancient poem, known as “Beowulf,” is a complex epic detailing the arrival of the title character, Beowulf, and his battles with three otherworldly monsters. Grendel, a novel written centuries later by John Gardner, takes that story and turns it on its head. Grendel, a character filled with introspective thoughts, is one of the three monsters that Beowulf appears to fight. While telling the same story, the two texts have many differences, but often manage to get the same emotion evoked from the audience.

After being screamed at by a sinner whom Dante has know recollection of, Dante and Virgil continue on through Circle 7 until they reach the final round of the circle which contains those who were violent against their families. Dante then notices a vas number of individuals handing items to the other before being brutally ripped limb by limb and asks Virgil who could these poor individuals be. After scolding Dante and telling him that none of these sinners are poor, Virgil explains that this round contains those who had murdered their own families. Once he had heard the acts these sinners had committed, Dante then asks how handing an item to someone and then being ripped limb from limb has anything to do with their sin. Virgil then explains

The authors’ motives for writing contrast. Dante Alighieri wrote Inferno while wandering, having been exiled from Italy. In writing Inferno as one of the three parts in the Divine Comedy, he was channeling his loss of hope and feelings of injustice in the world. He writes, “Midway on our life’s journey, I found myself/In dark woods, the right road lost. To tell/About those woods is hard—so tangled and rough/And savage that thinking of it now, I feel/the old fear stirring: death is hardly more bitter.” Dante wants people to see the injustices done to him in the world, feel his pain, and experience the

When Dante the Pilgrim finally reaches the bottom of Hell in Canto 34 of the Inferno, the typical reader has enormous expectations for what lies down there. Following Dante’s structural logic of Hell, this is the last, deepest section dedicated to punishing the worst sinner, Satan. Doré approaches the task of depicting Satan with a metaphorical, underlying emotional treatment of the narrative. Doré’s illustrations are inspired by dark and gothic elements of Romanticism. His work dedicates focus to realism, human emotion, and a sublime representation of nature. One can easily discern Dore’s thoughtful arrangements of lighting and darkness in figure 1, as if there is a spotlight directed behind Virgil and Dante to illuminate the focal, central

Imagine yourself, finished in this world and ready to go into the internal life. How do you think God will judge you? Were you someone generous, humility, loving, gentle, active, temperance, or Chasity? Do you believe that God would be proud in every single thing you have down on this earth? Well, for the most part, no everyone is Jesus and have all of those qualities. That is why Dante have written the world of Purgatory. Purgatory is a place after earth is a transformation process that helps every saved soul to perfect themselves for God. Through this process of transformation in Purgatory, a soul must accept, forgive, and learn from their sin in order to be in Heaven.

The issues inherent in authorizing medieval manuscripts occur because the text has crossed hundreds of years and who knows how many hands. Since medieval times, the notion of the author has changed. Plus, manuscripts were subject to the idiosyncrasies of the copyist who sometimes subjected their reproductions to “errors of commission and omission” (Grant 51). Likewise, translators make choices about how to best translate the text in order to be faithful to the original, but also compelling to a contemporary audience. These matters create textual instability and can be further explored through examining the epic Anglo-Saxon poem, Beowolf.