Background
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a strong rope-like structure that runs through the center of the knee connecting the femur to the tibia. An ACL prevents the femur from moving anteriorly while weight bearing, helps prevent rotation of the joint and is the primary stabilizing structure of the knee and its integrity is essential for walking and any physical activities (Sports Medicine Australia, 2015). An ACL sprain or tear is one of the most common knee injuries, especially among athletes who engage in high demanding sports including football, soccer and basketball. This is the case as this type of injury is likely to occur when; turning/twisting rapidly, stopping suddenly, landing awkwardly when jumping, slowing down
…show more content…
When the ACL tears, it cannot heal on its own and surgery is necessary for the knee to return to its normal function. It is common that other structures in the knee will be affected alongside an ACL injury such as the meniscus, other ligaments in the knee or the articular cartilage which would also need addressing during the surgical procedure (Parker, 2014).
There are tests designed to diagnose ACL tears including the Lachman Test which involves the therapist stabilizing the femur while the knee is flexed, and applying a posteroanterior pull on the tibia along the plane of the joint (Petty, 2011). This paper will discuss the Lachman’s test, how it is applied clinically and the relevance and reliability of the technique itself. John W. Lachman, chairman and professor of orthopedic surgery at Temple University, founded the Lachman Test (Torg, Conrad, & Kalen, 2012).
Assessment
Method
The patient lies supine with the leg to be tested, beside the examiner. The examiner holds the patient’s knee between full extension and 30 degrees of flexion. The patient’s femur is stabilised with one of the examiner’s hands while the proximal aspect of the tibia is moved posterioranteriorly (forward) with the other hand. (Magee, 2008 p. 768) There are also a number of commonly used modifications to the above technique. The examiner should select the method which they find most effective. These include;
1. Patient sits with their legs over the edge of the plinth. The
An injury to the ACL is classified as a sprain. A sprain is a joint injury that causes a stretch or a tear in a ligament. Sprains are graded I, II, or III depending on how severe the injury is. A grade I sprain will have pain with minimal damage to the ligaments. A grade II sprain is going to have more ligament damage and mild looseness of the joint. Finally, in a grade III sprain, the ligament is completely torn and the joint is very loose or unstable. A grade III sprain, simply called an ACL tear, is most often a sports-related injury. Still, The ACL can be torn in other instances such as during rough play, vehicular collisions, falls, and work –related injuries. According to a study performed by Jonathan Cluett, M.D., about 80% of sports-related ACL tears are “non-contact” injuries. This means that the injury does not result from any contact with another athlete. A rupture to the ACL is the result of the ligament within the knee being overstretched. This is usually caused by a “plant-pivot” mechanism (a stop and twist motion) of the knee, or a blunt force to the front of the knee. Other factors include quick changes of motion, twisting or torquing, or landing from a jump. Hyperextension is most
ACLs are one of the easiest injuries to get for athletes and average people alike, and a lot of people don't know what the ACL is or how to treat it until they tear it.
There are different techniques that repair a torn ACL. The popular method for surgeons is the patellar tendon graft procedure. This type of ACL replacement uses the middle third of the person’s own patellar tendon and replacing the damage tendon with it. The advantages are that the fixation is very strong and the patellar tendon replacing
Recovering from a serious knee injury and returning to pre-injury levels can be a difficult task to overcome, but it has been proven possible to do this. Improper injury protocols and the injuries themselves are two of the largest factors in professional athletes not having elongated and successful careers. ACL, MCL, PCL, LCL, and Patellar Tendonitis are the most common knee injuries in which athletes sustain. Sustaining a knee injury at the highest and most competitive levels of basketball can make the injury and recovery process much more difficult and stressful, however. Depending on the injury, it can take a very extended amount of time for the knee to return back to its normal functioning, especially since damaging one part of the knee does not come without other injuries. A permanent and career ending injury may be the result if the proper percussions are not taken throughout the recovery process.
An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is the overstretching or tearing of the in the knee. This muscle is located just below the knee bone and the tear that occurs may be partial or complete. When you hear your ACL pop that’s a clear sign of a tear. Lots of people have surgery to get it repaired. It is about a year recovery of rehab. Many times when you tear your ACL, there’s no
Each year, approximately a quarter of a million physically active young people experience an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and seventy percent of these ACL injuries will be sustained while engaging in non-contact activities such as sudden deceleration while landing (Begalle et al., 2012). This type of injury is grossly detrimental not only on the occasion in which it occurs but also for the subsequent years to come. The majority of individuals who injure their ACL also go on to either, re-injure that same ACL, or injure the opposite knee. Furthermore, our bodies are put in tremendously vulnerable planes of motion during sporting events, especially during activities such as, basketball, football, or soccer. In this day
The foremost cruciate ligament (ACL) gives security and quality to the knee by averting front interpretation of the tibia under the femur and inordinate pivot through the knee it essentially keeps the knee from turning the distance around. The ACL is harmed amid running ball games, skiing, or bouncing game, so this is discovered more in more youthful grown-ups. It is frequently joined by damage to the average security ligament (MCL) and the average meniscus and that is known as a blown knee when you tear every one of the three. These mix wounds are connected with a higher commonness of radiographic osteoarthritis at 10-15 years, yet these patients demonstrate no distinctions in capacity contrasted with those with an detached ACL damage. The patient with an ACL break usually report a sudden sharp torment and precariousness amid rotating or a fast alter of course, or on effect, for example, a fall or handle. They additionally have heard or felt a thump as the joint separates or a snap of the muscle. On the off chance that there is intra articular muscle harm, the patient will report swelling (because of haemarthrosis). They might likewise give lost extent or development because of the torment and a sentiment unsteadiness on the weight bearing knee. The GP will watch, inspect the knee, screen and upgrade on swelling and emission. The foremost drawer tests the adaptability of the front ligament, Lachman test and the turn shift test are most normally used to test the strength of the knee joint. The level of crack or vicinity of different wounds can be affirmed by X-ray. Different ways while inspecting the patient in the event that they give atypically or abnormal amounts of torment are bone wound, microfractures, post-corner harm and tibial level breaks. All patients with suspected ACL wounds ought to see a physiotherapist inside of the initial two
Second of all, surgery isn’t for everyone, especially for kids who haven’t finished growing. Surgery that is done on adults is the same done on teens. Orthopedic surgeons say that fixing an ACL tear involves the growth plate. I know this because in paragraph 5 it states, “Orthopedic surgeon
ACL tears. Immediately to this injury first aid, involving the PRICE theory is vital this should be in place for 72hours. This is protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation. It is important its protected as the torn ligament does not want to receive any more damage, keeping this in a fixed position of no pain is the best surrounded by things soft like pillows when sleeping and crutches throughout the day. The ice will be very effective in reducing swelling and this is important as fluid and swelling around the torn ligament is not what you want, keeping it elevated will allow oxidised blood to reach it.
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has limited range of motion, which leads to it being the most frequently injured ligament singularly (Ireland, 1999). This study was conducted to present the epidemiology on ACL injuries in female athletes (Ireland, 1999). Epidemiology is the part of science that focuses on the causes, effects, and patterns of disease and health conditions that occur in specific populations. The epidemiology in this article focuses on female athletes that have had a noncontact ACL injury playing either basketball or soccer (Ireland, 1999).
An ACL tear is among the most common knee injury reported. This injury involves a breakage of the fibers making up the ACL. Sometimes, the entire Anterior Cruciate Ligament is torn; whereas, other times it is just partially torn.
There are several different kinds of "common" injuries such as a broken leg, rolled ankle, or a sprained knee. The one I will be researching and describing is the ACL injury. Which is one of the most common sports injuries? As Medical Definition states, "The ACL is a ligament in the knee that crosses from the underside of the femur (the thigh bone) to the top of the tibia (the bigger bone in the lower leg)." In essence, the ACL is a vital part of an athlete 's lateral lower body movement which is crucial in any sport where an athlete or a person moves their legs. Therefore players who participate in any kind of activity that involves moving their lower body need their ACL to function in their activity, or just to even
Whenever an athlete participates in a sport, whether it be practice or a meet/game, they run the risk of injuring themselves. When it comes to basketball, Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are common. ACL tears are more likely to occur in female basketball players as opposed to males. In basketball, speed, strength, and power are the most important physical qualities to develop. Sometimes an athlete may be lacking in certain areas which puts them at a greater risk for tearing their ACL.
With an ever increasing number of people becoming involved with athletic activities, there is an increasing number of injuries occurring which can be devastating for the individual. Most of the injuries that affect athletes occur in one of four structures in the human body: bones, muscles, tendons, or ligaments. Because ligaments attach bone to bone and play a major part in providing stability for joints, the major stabilizing ligament in the knee, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), assists in performing everyday actions of the human body including sitting, standing, walking, running, dancing, and participating in other sports. The injury that specifically affects this ligament is very serious and always
ACL tears are the most common type of knee injuries seen in athletes. The ACL is viewed as the most important ligament in the entire knee. To elaborate, it helps provide stability throughout the entire leg. Although the majority of these injuries result from contact sports, such as football, some result from non contact sports, such as tennis, as well. This injury can result from overstretching the anterior ligament or completely tearing it (Brown University, n.d.). According to Brown University (n.d.) in a study by the National Football League, 100% of football players suffering from ACL injuries, through a five year span, required some sort of surgery. In contrary, an ACL injury recovery time can be more accurately determined in comparison to concussions. In most instances an athlete’s recovery time can vary from six to nine months. Though knee injuries have more