In the scientific community, climate change is practically undeniable and its universal importance not trivial. However, in respects to a new concept called the Anthropocene, debate has waged over the struggle of its classification. In the article The “Anthropocene” epoch: Scientific decision or political statement?, California State University geological sciences professor Stanley Finney and U.S. Geological Survey geologist Lucy Edwards unmask the current representation of the Anthropocene and explain its implications of being recognized as a geological unit to the ICC. Finney and Edwards examine the basis of the Anthropocene’s validity and lead the reader towards potential political and social motives for proceeding in admitting the Anthropocene …show more content…
Finney and Edwards raise concerns over this component of the Anthropocene. The emphasis on the beginning of the Anthropocene ignores the geological strata, which is a major component to its validity as an official epoch. According to Finney and Edwards, the Anthropocene overly emphasizes the beginning of this potential epoch, not its contents. The focus on the start leads to “the opinion that geological time scales are defined solely by their beginnings” (Finney and Edwards, 7). According to the AWG, the suggested start for the Anthropocene is 1945 (Finney and Edwards, 7). An indicator for this date is “the human human-caused atomic detonations” that resulted in the spread of atomic radiation across the planet (Zalasiewicz et al., 2230). In defining the Anthropocene based on its cause and date, and using the definition as grounds for justification as a geological time unit is where Finney and Edwards find fault. Also, the core of the concept centers at being a human caused event, which can be used to socially and politically sway …show more content…
Majority of the current, official geological time units have been dated and confirmed after the fact. Presently, humans are living in the Anthropocene and “the stratigraphic record is the past” (Finney and Edwards, 8). Finney and Edwards see this discrepancy as an issue because claiming the Anthropocene as part of the records appears as an attempt “to interpret past event’s in Earth’s history” without even having all the evidence (Finney and Edwards, 8). Moreover, the stratigraphic records and its units are studied using “stratigraphic techniques, concepts, and principles,” while the Anthropocene has been largely based on human observations (Finney and Edwards, 8). On the other hand, the Anthropocene has been analyzed using some of the stratigraphic techniques as well as how geological events have been measured through human observation and documentation. The Anthropocene is not portrayed as a geological event, but as a good candidate for a geological time unit. However, Finney and Edwards see the Anthropocene’s candidacy as a misunderstanding in what composes a geological time
Anthropocene is a term used to describe earth’s history including when humans dominated a majority of natural processes globally. Anthropocence was a term used throughout the article to discuss the impact humankind had on the environment that caused many changes that had a negative impact over many years. Another term used was anthrones, the human footprint, which describes how much human kind has made lasting impassions on the earth. These terms have made me come to the realization anthropology operates at the crossroads of social and physical sciences, along with humanities to examine the diversity of humankind across many cultures and time.
Evolution’s various events are calculated and reported in moments of time: eras, millennia, centuries, years, seasons, months, days, hours and minutes. Within those time markers are: formation of our planet, biology, Revolutions, and Homeo Sapiens. Yuval Noah Hariari’s brief history is hardly a brief narrative. However, it is an easy-to-follow delineation of educated statements surrounding humankind’s integrated journey from the beginning of “time” to the year 2014. The book takes the reader on a purposeful, witty and eye-opening account of the various time zones homo sapiens and wildlife, as-well-as biology and science, have traveled. Mr. Hariari leaves one wanting to advance quickly into the next chapter, even though the reader already knows how the story ends. Yuri chose to write about time periods, breaking down our past into orderly sections within his book. Without taking sides, the author tells the tale of how the earth’s inhabitants have evolved, all within the web of a ticking clock. In current day, we live with daylight savings, 24-hour clocks and time zones; our lives are dictated by the hour. The concept of
In “The Changing Nature of Nature: Environmental Politics in the Anthropocene” environmental politician Paul Wapner depicts the human impacts on nature, and their significant intervention in ecosystem dynamics. His research outlines the “end of nature” (Wapner, 37) and aims to put emphasis on the beginning of the Anthropocene, suggesting that we are finally realizing that nature is not merely a material object. With this in mind, Wapner argues that the ways in which we protect nature should be significantly different, this, justifying his study. In order to form an argument, Wapner begins by summarizing a general piece of academic research, and through this is then able to provide an organized overview of the logic of his argument. The alternation
To begin with, Scranton describes the scenery of war in Iraq and if he would have survived and persevered this journey. Humans would have to embrace the modern advancements today’s society to outlast the Anthropocene. As a matter of fact, struggles, consequences, obstacles and death are various aspects of life that we should embrace and not ignore. The understanding of civilization is very important and acquiring the knowledge to be aware of major concerns and issues of the environment is substantial. Scranton emphasizes that humans have not progressed to avoid the “unmanageable global warning”, but humankind could live and adjust to the changes of the environment (Scranton 24). The is future is always a concern but uncertain, whereas we cannot disregard our destinies.
Has Earth entered into a new geologic epoch, characterized by human influences? A recent study, spear-headed by the British Geological Survey, has come to the conclusion that man’s global impact has become distinct enough to end the Holocene and effectively begin the Anthropocene. Published in Science, the study identifies how man’s impact on our oceans, resources, climate, and vegetation has altered the sedimentary makeup of the planet. Massive species invasions, increased rates of extinction, genetically modified plants, redistributed metals, sediment, hydrocarbons, fossils, increased levels of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus all combine to create signals that geologists interpret to denote a break in the Holocene
The old-Earth evolution and young-Earth creation debate has been one that has gone on for centuries. Each viewpoint seeks to give an answer to life’s most difficult questions or origins and how the Earth came to be what it resembles today. While the Young Earth viewpoint has remained constant and unchanged throughout the centuries the Old Earth view seems to be continually evolving as new discoveries tend to discredit previous assumptions. One certainty is that both viewpoints take a dogmatic stance against each other in regards to the interpretation of scientific evidence. The purpose of this paper is to compare old-Earth and
Climate change is the most significant, most revisited, most controversial, most discussed climate issue in modern history. Global warming serves as a glaring demerit on the lengthy list of accomplishments of mankind: a reminder that progress coupled with reckless abandon never has a good outcome. Though its presence in the national spotlight is a recent phenomenon, the early stages of global warming were detected centuries ago.
The evolution of the universe and our behaviour throughout history. I will set out to consider Laura Moriarty: Plateau (2011) and Mary Mattingly: Pull detail, (2013) in relation to “Minimal Ethics for the Anthropocene,” Joanna Zylinska, (2014). I will consider our human responsibility for the world and show the changes and composition of life through human relations and ethic towards the universe. And can we re-evaluate our minimal ethics, while there’s still time for changes.
11,700 years ago the geological epoch the Holocene was thought to of began following the Pleistocene epoch, together these time periods make up the Quaternary period. The Holocene has been described as being relatively warm and with a fairly stable climate. Not only this, but it is thought to coincide with the start of agriculture as human populations rose throughout the Holocene technology became more sophisticated aiding the rise of agriculture (Holden, 2012). The early anthropogenic hypothesis was published in 2003 by Professor W.F. Ruddiman, this was a three part hypothesis in which Ruddiman proposed humans reversed natural decreases in CO2 values within the atmosphere by deforestation. That they reversed natural methane decreases after 5,000 years by irrigating rice, they also caused a warming sufficient to prevent a new glaciation within the last several thousand years and during the Holocene (Ruddiman 2005). This hypothesis has attracted a lot of attention with many people both supporting it and criticising it. Throughout this essay I will be exploring the many arguments for and against the early anthropogenic hypothesis and stating whether or not human kind could have prevented the start of an ice age during the Holocene.
Previous climate change predictions have provided scientists, archaeologist and ecologists with information about the past and future of humans. These indications are backed up by scientific research based off of the physics of the Earth’s atmosphere, ocean, land and ice. In addition, many researchers have recently turned their focus to past civilizations and their downfall. With information from Mark Kinver’s “Roman Rise and Fall ‘Recorded in Trees’” studies show that from the demise of the Argaric society to the fall of the Mayan, and Ancient Roman Empire, climate change has played a key role in regards to civilizations collapse and nuclear annihilation.
Many people have even become extremely proficient in dealing with them. However, being able to deal in large numbers and understanding what they truly mean are two entirely different things. Human being experience an extreme cognitive dissonance between the two. The difference between 1,000,000,000 and 100,000,000 years may not look like much to the average person’s eye, but that difference is the difference between running a marathon, something a human being can reasonably accomplish in a day, to running from Stony Brook to Rochester, something which would take days to accomplish. The difference between a million seconds and a billion seconds is almost 32 years. Our place in the history of the planet, and the Anthropocene’s context in our own history can only really be understood in the context of extremely large numbers. Through a better understanding of large numbers and the geological timescale, the
The Anthropocene has not only created challenges but also provided opportunities for business and commerce. Industrial Revolution during the early 19th century, introduced the massive burning of fossil fuels. The burning of fossil fuels release dangerous gases, such as CO2, CO, SO2, into the environment (Middlecamp, 2015). Toxification has been one of the main environmental challenges to date, especially for businesses as many take responsibilities for the release of these deadly chemicals into the environment. According to Steffen (2007), “From a preindustrial value of 270–275 ppm, atmospheric carbon dioxide had risen to about 310 ppm by 1950” (p. 618).
This essay will compare and contrast the thoughts of two great activists for women’s rights, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Ida B. Wells-Barnett. Their perspectives on women, class, and race were in opposition to one another, yet they both share some common views on white male dominance of 19th century America.
IMPEDIMENTS ON THE ROAD TO RECOVERY: A CASE STUDY OF A PERSON WITH SEVERE MENT
The Electoral college contributes to the election of the President of the United States. This system requires states to elect a number of representatives to cast their votes in the presidential election. This system allows smaller states to have a bigger impact on the presidential election. In most other countries and even the individual states a popular vote is what decides who will win the election. Many citizens have debated about whether we should keep the Electoral College or resort to a popular vote.