Answers to Review Questions Chapter 1. Introduction 1. Babbage’s Analytical Engine introduced the concept of programming to computing. 2. Augusta Ada Byron is generally recognized as the first programmer. The U.S. Department of Defense named the Ada programming language in her honor. 3. The heart of von Neumann architecture is the stored-programming concept, in which both data and programming instructions are stored in the same memory system. 4. Hardware is tangible and comprises the physical parts of a computer; software is intangible and consists of the programs the computer executes. 5. The abstract concept that forms the core of computer science is problem-solving. 6. For a solution technique to be an algorithm, it must be • Clearly …show more content…
Chapter 2. Programming by Example 1. The purpose of the comment at the beginning of each program is to convey information to the human reader of the program about what it does. 2. A library package is a collection of tools written by other programmers that perform useful operations, thereby saving you the trouble of implementing those operations yourself. 3. When you execute a program developed using the acm.program package, Java invokes the run method. 4. An argument is information that the caller of a particular method makes available to the method itself. By accepting arguments, methods become much more general tools that provide considerable flexibility to their callers. 5. The println method is used in the context of a ConsoleProgram to display information to the user. The suffix ln is a shorhand for the word line and indicates that the output displayed by the println call should appear on the current line but that any subsequent output should begin on the following line. 6. The readInt method requests an integer value from the user and then returns that value so that it can be used as input to the program. The standard pattern for using the readInt method looks like this: int variable = readInt("prompt"); The Art and Science of Java Answers to review questions –3– 7. The + operator is used to signify addition when it is applied to numeric arguments and
4. The calculation should be executed only after all the valid input values are provided.
Chapter 1 of James MacCormick’s book, Nine Algorithms That Changed The Future, provides an overview of what an algorithm is and introduces the reader of the algorithms that will be discussed throughout the book. An algorithm is a precise recipe that specifies the exact sequence of steps required to solve a problem (MacCormick, 3). Algorithm requires a sequence of steps that contain the instructions on what to do. One of the key elements of an algorithm is to have a set of rules in order to perform the mathematical calculations. Another feature of algorithms is that it always works. Computer science describes how to solve a problem using an algorithm. The main purpose of the book is to explain the algorithms one’s computer uses everyday
First let us take a look at computer programming. This element takes on different program designs created by engineers and uses one of several different programming languages to write executable code that computers can read. Programming is the source for
The outputs in the full adder are the sum digit and the new ____ digit.
4. The ____ is normally considered the standard output and standard input devices, and usually refer to
Assume the state sales tax is 4 percent and the county sales tax is 2 percent. The program should display the amount of the purchase, the state sales tax, the county sales tax, the total sales tax, and the total of the sale (which is the sum of the amount of purchase plus the total sales tax).
Permanent storage devices are nonvolatile—that is, their contents are persistent and are retained even when power is lost.
In a world that is currently dominated by computers, it’s hard to imagine what it was like before they were invented. Though computers only began having a major influence in the last 60 years, the idea for them was first conceived almost 200 years ago. This technology would not have been possible without the work of Ada Lovelace, who is considered one of the pioneers in the field of computer programming. She had a vision of the possible benefits and capabilities of a computing machine. Even though she would never see her vision become a reality, her legacy and work had a lasting impact on the future of technology. However, during her lifetime she experienced multiple setbacks in pursuing her education
In 1842, Ada Lovelace learned that Charles Baggage had given a series of lectures on his Analytical Engine. Luigi Federico Menabrea had written up the lectures in the French work, Sketch of Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine. Though Babbage would never build the Analytical Engine, its concept was groundbreaking for the time. It was essentially the first idea for a programmable computer. Ada was so fascinated with the topic that she decided to translate the work into English. Babbage was impressed with her work and asked her “why she had not herself written an original paper on a subject which she is so intimately acquainted” (du Preez 108). At the time, women rarely were able to publish original work. They were usually forced to do as Ada did, merely translate the work of men. Ada successfully managed to circumvent this obstacle by adding a series of notes to Babbage’s original text. Her notes ended up being three times as long as the original, and even corrected many of the mistakes that Babbage had made. He noted that in doing so Ada was able to “enter fully into almost all the very difficult and abstract questions connected with the subject” (du Preez 108). These notes laid out the concept of computer programming and the required elements for a computer language. Unfortunately, Ada was still required to use a pseudonym, her initials A.A.L, in order to get the notes published in journals.
* This is the class that students need to implement. The code skeleton is provided.
In the long distant future, in the year 2016, the cable news empire has fallen, and former talking heads have stooped to running for political office. In fact, five former talk show stars are running for President of the United States, and locked in a close race.
College of Information Systems & Technology IT/210 Version 5 Fundamentals of Programming With Algorithms and Logic
I have also developed a strong interest in mathematics in the way it enables problem solving, which is a big part of computer science. It fascinates me in how the fundamental properties of computational problems are explored with the computational complexity theory. By approaching the description of the computation, using the programming language theory, the programming investigates the use of the programming language and complex system.
This research paper mainly focuses on Jean Bartik (1994-2011) journey towards computer programming and her great contributions, works and her experience from the work to this computer world.
It is universally agreeable that with the advent of Computer technology, every ambitious and enthusiastic individual is really obsessed with the idea of doing computer science at graduate level because it seems to have created a zeal and enthusiasm in the hearts of youth, particularly those who aspire to be marked as high achievers. I, for one, seem to have been enchanted by these computer applications as they have made the world smaller, speaking in terms of globalization. I have no hesitation to add that core computerization alone is the suitable answer to all the areas unexploited and to the areas waiting for development. It has always been a fascination for me about how computers work, how these applications are designed and what can be the newer ways to explore the world of computers to make our world better. This interest became a passion for me when I was exposed to computer science basics, during my middle school. Pursuing computer science engineering at undergraduate level, further propelled my passion for computer science along with providing me a deeper insight and in-depth understanding of the subject. After completing my under graduation in Computer Science, I am willing to expedite my research interest and a masters degree seemed the most appropriate choice for realizing my aspirations.