The Battle of Bannockburn happened in 1314 just outside of Stirling, Scotland. It was a war between

In 1957, Lord Darnley was murdered and Queen Mary was forced to renounce her throne. He made her son King of Scotland. He became the official King of Scotland when he was one year old. James was a devout scholar who studied the English language. The kingdom was strong and centralized during his rule, and he eventually married Anne of Denmark. He was a devout Protestant, and fought against the Puritans who tried to get rid of Roman practices in the church. He was not liked much, because of favoritism, and his schemes to get an alliance with Spain. During his rule, William Ruthven, one of the leaders of the Church of Scotland, kidnapped James, and held him captive for almost a year. When James finally escaped, he did not take any more chances, and executed William. With Queen Elizabeth the First aging, James realized that he had the highest chance of becoming the King. The only problem was that his mother, Mary, was still in live. She was prosecuted, and then executed. Once Elizabeth died, we move onto the chapter of King James’ life.

Wars were also part of the crisis, notably the Hundred Years War between England and France. In 1328 the French Capetian line ended. England’s Edward III (d.1377) claimed the French throne, but a cousin to the Capets, Philip of Valois, became king (d.1350). War soon began. Armored knights on horseback were the backbone of medieval armies, but English peasants using the longbow had begun to change the face of war. When the French king was captured, a treaty was signed in 1360: France agreed to pay ransom, the English received land in France, and Edward renounced his claim to the throne. Using guerilla tactics, the French regained their lands, but in 1415 England’s Henry V (d.1422)

On April 19th, 1775 British troops were marching to Lexington where many militia were already awaiting their arrival. The British were after the ammunition of the militia. Paul Revere had warned the militia ahead of time so that they could be prepared. They removed their stockpiles of ammunition from their hiding places and moved them to a new shelter. When the British arrived at Lexington, the militia were lined up, ready to defend themselves. The British stopped, prepared to face the militia. They

The Battles of Lexington and Concord are the initial battles of the revolutionary war. In the Revolutionary war Britain descovers that the terrnosity of the Americans will not so easily be silenced. Hundreds of British troops, exstimated to be around 700, marched from Boston to Lexington on the evening of April 18, 1775, with secret orders to capture any weapons availble to the American militia. Thanks to the efforts of Paul Revere and William Dawes, who rode from Boston to Lexington in the middle of the night. Colonial leaders John Handcock and Samuel Adams were warned of the intentions of the oncoming redcoats. The British red coats clashed witlh American militia at Lexington on April 19, 1775.

2. Mentieth, Angus, Lennox, and Caithness — all Scottish noblemen — desert Macbeth and head for Birnam Wood.

The actually fighting started in 1775 in Massachusetts when British soldiers were ordered to confiscate arsenal being stored there.

A battle has been fought at Bunker Hill! This battle was fought by the Patriots and the British. The British army was led by General William Howe and the Patriots were led by Colonel William Prescott. Thousands of Patriots stood outside the city of Boston and were blocking access into the city. In order to defend the city from being besieged, the British attacked the Patriots on Breeds Hill using cannons and muskets. England also had the advantage of the Boston Harbor and used navy ships against the Americans. Many men and boys had to join the fight and help the Patriots. The battle went on for several days. It took the British 3 attacks to make the Patriots retreat. Patriots were forced to give up the hill due to lack of ammunition after

The battle at Bunker Hill was faught on June 17, 1775 on Breeds Hill instead of Bunker Hill. There were two hills that the British wanted to take in order to be able to bombard the Americans from a distance. These were Breeds Hill and Bunker Hill. The Battle of Bunker Hill actually took place mostly on Breeds Hill. It's only called the Battle of Bunker Hill because the army thought they were on Bunker Hill. This battle happend in the Town of Charlestown, Boston. The Battle at Bunker Hill was faught against the British and the patriots. The British were under the command of General William Howe and General Robert Pigot and marched to Breeds Mountain.The British side had about 2,400 troops defending Britian. The Patriots had about 1,500 troops

The Battle of Agincourt occurred in the middle Ages, on October 25, 1415. This battle is one of the most memorable and strategically fought battles between England and France. The Battle of Agincourt involved England and France near Agincourt. The Battle of Agincourt happened during the “Hundred Years War”. The hundred year War began in 1337 and ended in 1453. The hundred years war actually lasted 116 years. The Hundred Years war included England, France and later Burgundy. Sometimes England won the battles and sometimes France won (Keegan 79).

The English gave the Scottish plenty of time to negotiate, but the Scottish, led by William Wallace, were prepared for battle. Well, actually, they were very out numbered, and could have easily lost this battle. Instead of winning by force, William Wallace was determined to outwit the English.

Strategy and tactics[edit] Many of the officers and veteran soldiers of the English Civil War studied and implemented war strategies that had been learned and perfected in other wars across Europe, namely by the Spanish and the Dutch during the Dutch war for independence which began in 1568.[7] The main battle tactic came to be known as pike and shot infantry, in which the two sides would line up, facing each other, with infantry brigades of musketeers in the centre, carrying matchlock muskets; these muskets were inaccurate, but could be lethal at a range of up to 300 yards. The brigades would arrange themselves in lines of musketeers, three deep, where the first row would kneel, the second would crouch, and the third would stand, allowing all three to fire a volley simultaneously.[8] At times there would be two groups of three lines allowing one group to reload while the other group arranged themselves and fired.[9][page needed] Mixed in among the musketeers were pikemen carrying pikes that were between 12 feet (4 m) and 18 feet (5 m) long, whose primary purpose was to protect the musketeers from cavalry charges.

The death of Alexander III in 1286 as well as any possible heirs led to a struggle for power in Scotland, which prompted the Scottish magnates to ask King Edward of England to settle the matter. In exchange for this, he claimed Scotland as a feudal dependency, and chose John Balliol. However, this was a façade for his plan to eventually subjugate Scotland, and prompted an invasion, which the Scots, under William Wallace, were able to repel. Despite this, in 1298 Wallace was defeated in the Battle of Falkirk by Edward. Over the years that followed, Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce were able to obtain an unofficial independence. The English, in the second war of Scottish independence, tried to instate Edward Balliol as King of Scotland, but were unable to do succeed. In 1356, Balliol gave up his efforts for the throne for King Robert’s son, David II who returned from exile in

The Battle of Brunanburh appears in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle’s annal entry for 937. This poem that makes reference to a battle fought in that year between an English army and a combined army of Scots, Vikings, and Britons. In fact, the battle of Brunanburh was the culmination of the conflict between King Æthelstan, Alfred the Great’s grandson, and the northern kings.

When Robert the Bruce ascended the throne in 1306 the defiance and animosity toward the English became apparent with the battles and land claims. Bruce's ascension to the throne came at the murder John Comyn in Greyfriars Church, Dumfries in February 1306. This incident before his crowning in March which he was excommunicated by the Pope for the argument and killing of a Scottish noble in a church. The ascension of the throne came with a convoluted history of the Bruce family strong arm approaches to gain power and reputation against other tribes and the quest to rule the kingdom of Scotland. Sources under Robert the Bruce came to acknowledge the bias against William Wallace similar to how the English pinned him as a robber, ruffian, and cruel leader of Independence.

Soon after King Edward 1 conquered Wales, the English set on building the castle. After the death of their prince, Llywen ap Gruffudd, and the capture of his brother, Dafydd ap Gruffud, the Welsh people were out of control. And to subjugate them, Edward 1 resorted to building castles across North Wales.