The Benefits Of Reparative Therapy

An individual’s sexuality should not define who they are as a person. What is Conversion Therapy? Sexual Orientation Conversion Therapy has a range of treatments that are designed in hopes to turn a person’s sexual orientation to heterosexual. Conversion therapy is also used in attempts to convert a transgender person’s gender expression to match with the gender given at birth. It is currently banned for minors in 5 states (California, New York, New Jersey, Oregon, and Illinois) and the other 45 states have no law against it. Many teens in this current time period are coming out as either lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and/or queer. Homosexuality is often seen as a negative effect towards society.

This essay will critically analyse and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of retributivism. Throughout history the term “retributivism” has had a diverse though correlated meanings. The most significant meaning of retributivism is righting or rebalancing the scale of justice, through the use of mechanisms such as punishment e.g. punishing criminals in order to achieve justice for the offence they have committed. Retributivism also looks back at the offence, since the offender has committed a wrongful offence which needs to be punished. One of the core reasons why offenders should be punished is that they need to ‘pay back’ for the offence they have committed; the theory that is associated with retributivism is the just deserts theory. A theory is a concept that is based upon a hypothesis that can be supported with evidence. The just desert theory is used to justify retributivism punishment. Unlike other theories of punishment that mainly concentrates on preventing future crime, such as rehabilitation, deterrence and reductivism. The retributivist theory primarily concentrates on punishing past crimes. Although others would disagree with this for the reason that they think punishment should be used to ‘reduce’ and ‘prevent future crimes’ (Carlsmith et al., 2002 p284). The essay will take into account the views of various theories; theorist and philosophers so that the strengths and weaknesses of

Chapter 21 discusses the Forgiveness and Reconciling Though Experiencing Empathy (FREE) model as a useful model for couple therapy (Ripley & Worthington, 2014). Forgiveness interventions creates a platform to resolve issues that are affecting the ability to maintain a stable relationship. Forgiveness is not an isolated event but a filtration of hurt and emotional pain which takes considerable time to work through (Strelan, 2010). It is very difficult to move past any type of pain. When couples find themselves in a place that the pain seems to not go away then it may be time for interventions such as Forgiveness interventions to support the couple’s effort in relieving the relationship of the hurt and allow it to heal and for them move forward.

Celebrate Recovery is a self-help recovery program that contains a heavy emphasis on Christ and seeking healing through Him. There is a strong religious focus so individuals feel like they have help that is unconditional and they are surrounded by a body of individuals who are struggling with similar situations as well. Although these individuals cannot provide the answers or healing for one another, they are the support, a body, a family, and create a safe environment for fellow participants. Moreover, with this focus on Christs healing powers in their lives, the program emphasizes the eight recovery principles in the Beatitudes as well as the twelve-steps (similar to those used in Alcoholics Anonymous). I, therefore, attended a Celebrate Recovery meeting at the fellowship church in Rogers, AR on October seventh, two thousand sixteen.

For the timeline assignment, I found trying to figure out what was significant and what wasn’t was extremely tough. I did leave out several parts because I felt that they were more relevant to another person’s timeline, as in they didn’t happen to me I just witnessed it. I feel that this course was very therapeutic for me to be able to put labels on my thoughts and emotions concerning the events and traumas in my life. I will in this paper try to define these emotions and how I think certain techniques of therapy has impacted me. I also want to explain the events on my timeline and how I think they have impacted me today.

Conversion therapy, also known as reparative therapy, or Sexual Orientation Change Efforts (SOCE) has a troubled history within the United States and abroad. Conversion therapy is the use of a variety of means to attempt to change an individual’s sexual or gender orientation. Current practices include inducing vomiting or paralysis while showing a subject homoerotic images, having a subject snap a rubber band on their wrist whenever they have certain thoughts, or using tactics to create shame or aversion to same sex or transgender thoughts. Many established institutes claim that the therapy does or doesn't work and offer contradicting evidence for their position. The Movement Advancement Project, a group dedicated to providing research for the advancement of LGBT people, states in an infographic that nine states, plus the District of Columbia and a handful of municipalities have banned conversion therapy from being provided by licensed medical professionals to minors (“Kids” 1). Based on the established evidence and the overwhelming number of psychologists and sociologist that disavow conversion therapy, along with the multitude of horror stories from children who were persuaded, or forced, to participate by their parents, the federal government should ban conversion therapy for all minors.

The treatment would be to take a closer look at the recovery life for the individual or family instead of fixing it. For example this article talks about using the model in substance abuse such as; Lorie Obernauer, PhD, recovery consultant and coach and former Alumni Coordinator at CeDAR in Colorado, says that at CeDAR (Center for Dependency, Addiction and Rehabilitation), “We are actually putting something into play that is really directed to helping our clients live in recovery and use some new tools to understand the new world that they are now entering.”(S. Brys). The author talks about “She says this model of treatment is a solution-oriented model rather than one of relapse prevention, as it has been in the past. Obernauer will be presenting on this topic at this month’s National Conference on Addiction Disorders with Steve Millette, MS, LAC, Executive Director of CeDAR”(Brys). She explains how treatments professionals can be “tour guides,” helping clients move from what William White calls a “culture of addiction” to a “culture of recovery.” Here are other examples that she uses for when the family or individuals are ready to move on to culture of recovery;

The study that provides evidence that conversion therapy is both ineffective and harmful is provided by the American Psychological Association (APA) in a report entitled, Appropriate Therapeutic Responses to Sexual Orientation. The report concluded that, "efforts to change sexual

I would not conduct the child custody evaluation for him because this would be a dual role or multiple relationship. Since I have already been counseling this client, and already have a relationship and opinion (that he is a good person who loves his kids) with him, this may make it hard to remain objective if I were to conduct the child custody evaluation. Also, there are two sides to every story, thus even though the client seems nice and loving while in therapy, that may not be the case outside of therapy. Also, entering into a multiple relationship is against the American Psychological Association (APA) (2010) Ethical Principles. Ethical code 3.05 states that therapists should avoid multiple relationships because being in one can impair their competence, effectiveness, objectivity and can put the client at risk for harm or exploitation. The APA ethical principle of avoiding harm also applies to this scenario (APA, 2010). If I was to do the custody evaluation for my client, and find that he should not have custody, this would ruin our therapeutic alliance and greatly harm the client. Although some therapists may belief that they would be competent and objective enough to conduct the child custody evaluation for their current client, they should stay on the side of caution, not take the risk and refer the client to a different professional who is competent in these evaluations.

The one theory that I used on my client was the trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT). This is the actual intervention that I used with my client since during each week my fieldwork supervisor checks on my cases. My fieldwork supervisor and I went over his case together during supervision and we both collaborated with the intervention practice I was going to use during the sessions. Using cognitive behavioral theory was the most logical to us since it is evidence based treatment approach that can be customized with children that are victims of any form of trauma. According to Cohen (2008), TF-CBT is flexible and provides stress management skills before discussion of the traumatic experiences (p. 1). The steps I used were very

Restorative justice generate an opportunity for people who have been effected by crime to talk about their experiences (Shapland, Sorsby, & Robinson,2011). Not only can this be a therapeutic process, it can also be valuable to not only the victim but the community. By hearing the stories from person that was affected by a criminal act, it helps to develop awareness of all involved, which can in turn allow many people to gain a deeper perspective into the root or origins of the crime ( Shapland at el.,2011). In addition, storytelling grows compassion among individuals who find themselves connected by wrongdoing.

al., 2013, p. 253). With treatments such as “professional therapy and paraprofessional/religious ministry contexts”, Sanders and his colleagues report that thirty percent of those who participated in this form of therapy achieved “positive outcomes” (2013, p. 255). Although critics to changing one’s sexual orientation claim that there are many factors that limit the support of the research proving the success of this treatment option, Sanders states that there is data supporting successful conversions (2013, p. 255).

The victim is the person affected physically, emotionally and/or financially. For a victim to be restored, it involves the Criminal Justice System (Police, Court, Correctional) to perform some procedures for the victim to feel restored from the offender. Victims have rights and these are implemented by the State and Federal Government as well as some of them are in the Constitution. The right of the victims supports and imply restoration, and work to make them feel “whole again’’. In some cases something from the victim have been taken away and cannot be restored at all, so instead is compensated, which is something that will “help” the victim “restore” (Hume). However, the compensation is a right the victim has but they have to submit an

According to Patricia B. Nemec and Kathleen Furlong-Norman (2014), psychosocial rehabilitation or psychiatric rehabilitation began in the late 1940’s in New York City to restore the health and well-being of individuals with mental illness, mental impairment, psychiatric diagnosis, emotional disturbance or psychiatric disorder. The main focus was to assist people to live meaningful and successful lives after being institutionalized due to social domain dysfunctions (Nemec & Furlong-Norman, 2014). Although psychosocial rehabilitation programs provide various skills, personal growth, and empowerment, the services encourage self-determination to utilize personal and natural support networks within society. (Nemec & Furlong-Norman, 2014). Furthermore,

Psychosocial rehabilitation has its theoretical roots in evolving a failed effort, by the mental health system, to help mentally ill patients in coping with the psychosocial devastation brought on by severe mental illness and behavioural problems (Correctional Services Canada, 2013). The traditional methods of treatment viewed recovery as a process of curing an illness, usually with medication, but recovery does not subsequently occur once their illness is “treated” (CSC, 2013). This traditional method was ineffective because their recovery was halted by limited support and skills and ‘abnormal’ behaviours learned in institutions (CSC, 2013). These deficits resulted in chronic impairments and maladaptive social functioning (CSC, 2013). These individuals were unable to fulfill normal social roles and successfully live independently in the community (CSC, 2013). The PSR approach to recovery incorporates more than just eliminating the signs and symptoms of the illness, is based on understanding the patients voice and experiences and encouraging participation and self-determination in treatment (CSC, 2013). This approach recognises the care values such as hope, empowerment, and determination are essential to recovery (CSC, 2013). The importance of skill development and community support are also highlighted (CSC, 2013).