The Big Data Is A Significant Subject Of Modern Times With The Rapid Advancement Of New Technologies

Big data is the present most-liked theme of today 's technology. These research goes through all description of techniques and technologies of extracting of the data, storing of data, distribution of data, analyzing of data, managing of data with high velocity and from the structured data and helps in the handling of the extreme data. Big data has the presentation the capacity to improve predictions, saving money and enhancing the decision making process in the fields of the traffic control, weather forecasting, disaster prevention, fraud control, business transaction, education system, health and the national security.

In 1999,Steve Bryson, David Kenwright, Michael Cox, David Ellsworth, Robert Haimes published Visually exploring gigabyte data sets in real time, which is the first CACM article that uses the term “Big Data” [1]. Big Data defines the data sets with gazillion information that cannot be crawled, managed, or processed by traditional tools in a certain amount of time. It also represents the techniques to extract valuable information quickly from various information of large-amount data. Some common technologies that are applicable to big data are massively parallel processor (MPP) database, data mining, distributed file system, distributed database, cloud computing, network, and extensible memory system.

Big Data has taken the business world by storm. By 2020, it is expected that the amount of digital information in existence will have grown from 3.2 zettabytes in 2014 to 40 zettabytes. Companies are doing all they can to capture this digital information and turn it into actionable insights. Currently, the total amount of data being captured and stored by industry is doubling every 1.2 years. Therefore, companies must find increasingly efficient solutions to store and analyze this incredible amount of data.

The “Big Data” becomes a common word now in Information Technology and Business world. These two simple English words created history and meant a ton in Global market. In past the data refers to traditional data and data volumes either in single or multiple terabyte ranges. But today it’s beyond traditional data and includes real time transactional data which is a key to the business systems.

The term big data came into the picture to refer the big volumes of information’s both the companies and governments are storing. The data may be where we live, where we go, what we buy and what we say etc. all will be recorded and stored forever. More than 90% of data is generated in the past 2 years only and this volume is increasing day by day and doubling for every two years. In this world, the organizations are using the data generated by us and no one knows what they are doing with the collected data. Big data is defined as a lot of structured and unstructured data from different sources, such as E-commerce websites, online transactions, social networks, medical records, internet search indexes, banking and financial services, scientific searches, weblogs, and document searches and so on. Big data also can be described by four V’s: Volume, Velocity, Variety and finally Value.

Big data is an extensive collection of structured and unstructured data. It is a modern day technology which is applied to store, manage and analyze data that are not possible to manage, store and analyze by using the commonly used software or tools. Since all of our daily tasks are overtaken by the modern technologies and all the businesses and organizations are using internet system to operate, the production of data has increased significantly in past

The emergence of new technologies, applications and network systems makes it hard to run the current business models and huge data types, and thus emerged various types of analytic tools like Big Data, which make this work easier by way of proper organization of data. Big Data is all about analyzing different forms of data (Structured, Semi-structured and Un-structured) and it is not about the procedure, creation or consumption of data.

Big data is not a hype, but it is the future. The big data industry continues to advance, and big data service providers are making it easier for companies to work with big data in driving their businesses. Progressively, greater volumes and varieties of data will be incorporated with more business processes to support better decision making and greater insight. Moreover,

To address the question of how and what techniques has been used to manages this big amount of data or in the field of Big Data, I review some research papers and review articles in the field of Big Data. This paper provides the synthesis of those papers which I found relevant to this field. This paper will focus on the following things:

Big Data embraces structured, semi-structured and unstructured information. It can be demographic or psychographic information about the customers, their opinions, product reviews etc gathered from variety of sources such as tweets, blogs, other social media content, technical devices like sensors and stream of data from mobile devices. Businesses have started using Big Data to get right information to identify right markets and right customers at the right time in order to make right strategic decisions. The Big Data market is estimated to grow to $32.1 bn by 2015 and $54.1 bn by 2017. According to the report “Be Careful or Big Data Could Bury Your Bank”, the world creates 2.5 quintillion bytes of data daily and last 2 years have contributed to almost 90% of the data which exists today. It empowers institutions to learn more, create more and do more using the data available with them.

Data is a powerful weapon as well as a resource. Having data does not make you powerful but what you do with it makes all the difference. Companies like Amazon, eBay and Netflix are already using data to predict user behavior and utilizing that to increase their revenue. But processing data in real time is not an easy task. The data today has great volume, is veracious in nature and is increasing at an enormous rate and hence has been given the term Big Data. There is a constant research going on to find a solution to process such huge amount of data in real time.

Data has always been analyzed within companies and used to help benefit the future of businesses. However, the evolution of how the data stored, combined, analyzed and used to predict the pattern and tendencies of consumers has evolved as technology has seen numerous advancements throughout the past century. In the 1900s databases began as “computer hard disks” and in 1965, after many other discoveries including voice recognition, “the US Government plans the world’s first data center to store 742 million tax returns and 175 million sets of fingerprints on magnetic tape.” The evolution of data and how it evolved into forming large databases continues in 1991 when the internet began to pop up and “digital storage became more cost effective than paper. And with the constant increase of the data supplied digitally, Hadoop was created in 2005 and from that point forward there was “14.7 Exabytes of new information are produced this year" and this number is rapidly increasing with a lot of mobile devices the people in our society have today (Marr). The evolution of the internet and then the expansion of the number of mobile devices society has access to today led data to evolve and companies now need large central Database management systems in order to run an efficient and a successful business.

The term Big Data is to a large extent vague and amorphous. Information technology professionals look at Big Data as large data sets that require supercomputers to collate, process and analyse to draw meaningful conclusions. A phenomenon defined by the rapid acceleration in the expanding volume of high velocity, complex, and diverse types of data. The new character added in this definition is

These results are important for banking, retail, government, etc.…, which use the information to noticed habits of people who provided the info. It not only helps notice habits of people but also helps figuring out trends and what news is big from following data from social media. [1]

In today’s world, the amount of unstructured data collected is humungous. This unstructured data is of no use if it is not properly processed, analyzed and evaluated. Using this data for the betterment of mankind is what most of the largest companies like Google, Facebook, Amazon, Netflix and much more are targeting. Big data is a term for datasets which are so large and complex that traditional database systems such as MS SQL, MySQL, etc., are incapable of handling them. It is not the amount of data that is important, but what organizations do with data that matters the most. Data can be mapped to useful information which can be further utilized for analyzing and drawing insights that lead to better management practices and strategic