The Biology Behind Type 2 Diabetes Essay

Type 2 is characterized by the body’s inability to use insulin effectively because of a combination of resistance to insulin as well as an overall decrease production in insulin. There is a genetic predisposition to Type 2 diabetes, but there are several other factors that also put an individual at

There are many similarities and differences between the United States (U.S.) and New Zealand that make them unique. The U.S. has people from all around the world Including people from New Zealand. There is an abundance of jobs and opportunities for people who live there. They have freedom and liberty. This gives them rights that citizens of many other countries don’t have. They also have the right to vote for laws as well as political figures they want in office. Although the U.S. has some amazing qualities, New Zealand has many of the same Ideals, as well as several differences, but regardless both countries are amazing places.

Type 2 diabetes is a very serious disease with many life threatening consequences, but if it is manage properly through preventative measures, diabetics can live a normal life.

According to Healthy People 2020 (2014), diabetes affects over 29 million people in the United States, with another estimated 28 percent of the population having undiagnosed cases. Of those at risk, African Americans are almost 2 times more likely to be diagnosed as opposed to their Caucasian counterparts. Many preventable associated factors include limited knowledge regarding disease processes, healthy diet, and limited knowledge of one’s own body. Our goal is to provide our African American community the opportunity to learn more about diabetes and how to reduce the risk of type II diabetes and signs and symptoms of diabetes during a community event.

     Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by inadequate insulin secretion by the pancreas or cellular destruction leading to an insulin deficiency. Depending on the cause of the insulin shortage, diabetes can be subcategorized into type I and type II. Type I diabetes (T1DM) is usually mediated by the destruction of b-cells in the pancreas resulting in decreased insulin production and secretion. Type II diabetes (T2DM) is the failure of these b-cells to secrete adequate amounts of insulin to compensate for insulin resistance and increased gluconeogenesis combined with an overall resistance to the insulin action (8., 1997). T2DM accounts

Over the last decade there has been improvements, however in 2012 cardiovascular disease was recognised as the leading cause of death of indigenous individuals and still requires further improvement (Australian Indigenous Health InfoNet 2015). Based on national surveys, there are a number of contributing factors including, smoking, reduced physical activity, poor diet, alcohol consumption, mental health and obesity (Australian Indigenous Health InfoNet 2012). These modifiable risk factors are preventable and need to be further managed through ongoing management, education and health care

Type 2 diabetes is a self-caused disease that prevents your body from using and producing insulin correctly which leads to high levels of sugar in the blood. When people consume too much or too little sugar, it affects their insulin resistance, which causes the pancreas to not maintain the right amount of insulin to keep the body's

There are some factors that are non-modifiable and create a predisposition to the onset of developing Type 2 Diabetes. These non-modifiable factors include family history, race/ethnicity and age, and cannot be changed by lifestyle choices. Type 2 diabetes is traditionally a late onset disease however it is becoming more frequent to be diagnosed as a young person. Alpurrulam’s student network is made up of 89% Indigenous students alone. “Indigenous people were three times more likely to be living with Type 2 Diabetes than non-Indigenous people” (Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2004-05). It is vital for our students to be educated on Type 2 Diabetes because of the high vulnerability of our school population of developing this lifestyle disease.

There are two types of diabetes but this essay will focus more on Type 2 diabetes. Currently, the number of people with diabetes in Australia is going higher and went up to 1 million this year and doubled compared with the statistics in 1989. Approximately, 80 % of them are Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (Diabetes Australia, 2015). Furthermore, according to the survey there are about 1.8% of all Australians have an Intellectual Disability (328,000) and about 9% of them are suffering with diabetes. However, the true prevalence of diabetes in Australia’s population is still unidentified and unknown (Carolan, Holman, Ferrai,

New Zealand has culture that has been there years ago. Recently there has been a new group of people that has changed not only the government, but have limited the natives to land. They also have killed these people off from the disease that they brought as well. Today the Maori or the native group had less than ten percent of the population. Agriculture was the base economic activity New Zealand. Today they are a major agricultural trade center and have some manufacturing. Australia has a lot of similarity with New Zealand, for example the main sports that they play are rugby and cricket . The country of New Zealand is special and has a difference that makes it stand out, which is the fact of it having more environmental problems that political. New Zealand 's five themes of geography and its problems make up how strong this country actually is. The 5 themes of this country play a role in the makeup of this strong country.

Type 2 diabetes is a disease in which a person’s body does not have enough insulin or it cannot process insulin the correct way. This is the most common type of diabetes and it can develop at any age. Type 2 diabetes is usually developed in adults, but child diagnosis

Zinman (2010) explains how the Aboriginal population lifestyle change has resulted in ever growing cases of diabetes:

In New Zealand, regardless of ethnicity or socio-economic status, T1DM is the most common form of diabetes in children and adolescents (Jefferies, Owens, & Wiltshire, 2015) Additionally, New Zealand reflects the rate of increase of incidence of T1DM worldwide which is three to 3-5% annually (Jefferies et al., 2015). This is an important health issue because it affects the expected lifespan of the person afflicted (WHO, 2016) mainly due to cardiovascular disease and other complication of diabetes (J. W. Little et

To those in Britain, New Zealand was a world away in many ways other than distance. The portrayal of the colony in the motherland was of as a ‘working mans paradise’ with unlimited opportunity and wilderness waiting to be tamed. It was quite the contrast

New Zealand is more than just a beautiful country, it is an investment opportunity waiting to happen. The land is filled with natural beauty and can be seen even in the big cities. New Zealand preserves the countryside because they know how important it is to be close to nature. The government is very forward thinking. New Zealand’s economy is growing and business opportunities are everywhere. The growing free market has increased development in many sectors of business within New Zealand.