The Bystander Effect : Personal Distress And Empathy Emotions

Darely, J. M., & Latane, B. (1968). BYSTANDER INTERVENTION IN EMERGENCIES: DIFFUSION OF RESPONSIBILITY. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8(4), 377-383. Retrieved October 2013, from doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0025589

Furthermore, during empathizing, emotional reaction in the observer correlates with the fact that connections between the person’s mental state and his or her behavior are not always governed by lawful conduct of emotion. The response to the other person’s mental state creates a gap between systemizing and empathizing, for without empathetic response, one could only have a very small or inaccurate reading of a person’s emotion. The systemizer only expects that the person’s mental state will at least constrain their behavior. The level of empathy one has is greatly affected by how systematic they are.

different times) act as if they were is a lot of pain or a drunk. The test was to see how long it took

Suggests that someone who needs help will have an increased amount of empathic emotion which leads to long-term helpful behaviours.

The Bystander-Effect has a major impact on these types of situations. The Bystander-Effect is a theory that in an emergency, people don’t get involved due to various reasons. For instance, people don’t get involved because

“Why People Don’t Help in a Crisis” co-written by John M. Darley and Bibb Latané states that there are three primary reasons to a bystander’s unresponsive behavior. In the event of an emergency a person must first take notice of the situation. Then interpret if the scene is truly an emergency and ultimately determine if one has a personal responsibility to help. Darley and Bibb conclude that someone’s reactions are manipulated by how other people around respond to the situation.

In 1964 The Bystander Effect came about when two men of the names Bibb Latané, a social psychologist; and John Darley also a social psychologist were impacted by the murder of Kitty Genovese. Kitty had been stabbed to death outside her own apartment, while over 38 people standing nearby had watched the brutal crime being committed. These same people didn’t have the audacity to say anything or even try to stop the murderer. Those 38 people just stood there and watched while an innocent life was taken away. John Darley and Bibb Latané were so fascinated by this tragedy that they decided to create an experiment well known as the Bystander Effect. This experiment is a social psychological wonder that alludes to cases in which people don't offer

As suggested by Fischer et al.(2011) bystander effect usually no exist when the situation is obviously interpreted as emergency and dangerous. This can be explaining clearly that the observers understand the situation encounter by actor and they need to respond quickly to the situation and this will increase high level of emotional and physiological arousal of observers when acknowledging the situational conditions and take the responsibilities to help actor by showing the empathy.

The bystander effect is both a social and psychological phenomenon in which an individual’s inclination towards showing helping behaviours are minimised by the influence of other people. Research has found that the more people acting as bystanders in a situation, the less likely it is that helping behaviours will be demonstrated. However in the correct conditions, where conditioned cues increase self-awareness, it is possible to reverse the bystander effect phenomenon. The bystander effect is prevalent in everyday life, and often decorates the news, shocking the world, especially when authority figures such as police men and women succumb to the effect. Diffusion of responsibility, ignorance of others interpretation of an event and self-consciousness are all social processes which appear to lead to social inhibition of helping behaviours and one of the main theories of the bystander effect is provided Latané and Darley (1970) whose cognitive model provides a series of decisions that can lead to social inhibition. The bystander effect is influenced by the conditions an individual is in when an event occurs, for example the bystander effect appears to be most dominant when an individual is in a group of strangers with low group cohesiveness. FINISH

Crises will have a significant emotional impact on officers and how they will respond to the event. In some cases, emotions can become unbalanced that can lead to uncharacteristic behaviors.

A short story is a work of fiction and it focuses on 1 or 2 main characters and on a single problem or conflict. To understand a short story you can look for four elements to help, setting, character, theme, and plot.

“The Bystander Effect” video was actually pretty interesting to me. I thought it was crazy how so many people just passed by the people that where on the floor looking as if they where dead of injured. I personally think it’s pretty messed up, but i also feel like our society today just doesn’t really care. This video relates to the readings, because It has to do with social psychology and everyday life. On (Pages 339-340) it explains attitudes and actions which is similar to the attitudes and actions that took place in the video.

Based on these studies, it is now generally agreed that mere exposure to others' emotional responses can be powerful enough to elicit corresponding empathetic reactions in the observer (Kurth, Zilles, Fox, Laird, & Eickhoff,

The bystander effect was first formulated and studied by psychologist John Darley and Bibb Latane’ as they researched and used experimentations of the social behavior in the setting of a laboratory.

When we are the observers, however, we can observe the behaviors of others easily. As a result, it is more likely for us to consider situational forces when attributing our own actions and focus on internal factors such as ability, attitudes, personality and effort when explaining others’ behaviors. Another reason could be that we are afraid of hurting our self-esteem if we link negative experiences to our internal characteristics thus we blame the situational factors instead. Furthermore, when we associate others’ negative experiences to their internal characteristics, it may make us feel that we are better as ours is due to unpleasant circumstances. Therefore, I feel that actor-observer effect may be a result of our ability to see others’ behaviors but not our own, and that we want to protect our