The Case of Andrew Luster

This essay will examine the social and cultural conditions, within the macro-diachronic and micro-synchronic theoretical models , that intensify or perpetuate sexual assault. I have chosen only one concept from each model because these are the only concepts that I feel that I can use to most accurately and comprehensively depict causes and reasons for why sexual assault is deeply entrenched in our social structure. I will thus explore, from these ideological viewpoints, some of the motivations and circumstances which lead offenders to sexual assault. I will also fuse some of the historical attitudes from which today's concepts have evolved to our contemporary understanding of this social

The official crime statistics show that men tend to commit more crime than women, and some Feminists would agree with this. One theory put forward is that this is because of the differential socialisation of males and females. Oakley argues that males are socialised to be aggressive, self-seeking and individualistic, which

High crime rates are an ongoing issue through the United States, however the motivation and the cause of crime has yet to be entirely identified. Ronald Akers would say that criminality is a behavior that is learned based on what an individual sees and observes others doing. When an individual commits a crime, he or she is acting on impulse based on actions that they have seen others engage in. Initially during childhood, individuals learn actions and behavior by watching and listening to others, and out of impulse they mimic the behavior that is observed. Theorist Ronald Akers extended Sutherland’s differential association theory with a modern viewpoint known as the social learning theory. The social learning theory states that

Larson in “Serial murderers: The Construction” states that socialization is said to begin after birth. The social learning theory is a theory that uses the childhood of serial offenders to identify the main reasons for causation. The social learning theory examines the offender’s past for clues in explaining aggressive behavior. The central idea of this theory is the relation of childhood victimization or observation of violent acts to future activities in criminal behavior. According to Hickey, stress caused by childhood traumatization may be a trigger to criminal behavior in adulthood. It

Judgement can be a complicated and uncomfortable process underpinned by tremendous responsibility. This process must produce a judgement that balances all relevant aspects of the case like the circumstances of the crime and the perpetrator, the crime itself, and many additional factors including the potential for the rehabilitation of the perpetrator in order to attain a semblance of justice. Obviously, this is no easy task; as the unfortunate case of Jonathan Wayne Nobles illustrates, it often proves impossible. On the night of September 13, 1986, Jonathan Wayne Nobles, 25, while under the influence of alcohol, speed, marihuana, and cocaine, broke in to an Austin Texas residence wielding a large knife. Nobles, a drug addict at the

The socio-cultural model views the social or environmental context of rape as an explanation of aggressive behavior. The socio-cultural view of rape is a result of a patriarchal system that is characterized by an ideology of male authority and different

as a general concept, social learning theory has been applied to the many different fields of social science to explain why certain individuals develop motivation to commit (or abstain from) crime and develop the skills to commit crime through the people they associate with. Social Learning Theory (SLT) is one of the most frequently looked at theories in the criminology field. This theory was introduced by Ronald L. Akers as a reformulation of Edwin H. Sutherland 's (1947) differential association theory of crime meld with principles of behavior psychology (Bradshaw, 2011). Akers retained the concepts of differential association and definitions from Sutherland 's theory, but conceptualized them in more behavioral terms and

Many etiological theories exist attempting to explain the root causes of sexual offending. Although few provide substantial evidence and no definitive conclusions have been made, the social learning theory has been proposed to account for sex offending behaviors. Specifically, the social learning theory, or victim-to-victimizer theory, suggests sexually abused children learn these behaviors and are much more likely to perpetrate abuse when they’re older (Seto & Lalumiere, 2010). The following studies have provided substantial support for the social learning etiology. Through the use of a meta-analysis, Seto and Lalumiere (2010) concluded that sexual offending is tied to prior sexual abuse. Burton, Miller, and Shill (2002) discovered

This paper analyzes and applies the social learning theory to Richard Ramirez a convicted serial killer. From exploring and understanding the social learning theory to giving a glimpse on Ramirez’s backstory and crimes. Beginning with early childhood that consists of his abusive father and personal head trauma. Thus, connecting social learning and other factors that lead to his heinous crimes. Middle childhood that includes his social interactions with his family members and the onset of his first crimes. Shortly, adolescence starts and stronger perverse emotions after hanging out and being influenced by his cousin Mike. Emerging adulthood and adulthood, Richard’s desire is thereon turned into actions that ultimately makes him the “Night Stalker”. Crimes such as burglary, rape, and murder that were learned from his social environment. Finally, a brief analysis on what was learned from the life span and applying the social learning theory to a serial killer Richard Ramirez.

There are many theories in the field of criminology that seek to explain the reasons behind why people commit crimes. Social process theory is one such theory and asserts that criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others (Schmalleger, 2012). There are four types of social process theories including: social learning theory, social control theory, labeling theory, and dramaturgical perspective. This paper will explore two of the theories including social learning theory and social control theory. The paper will discuss social process theory and the history of its development, the theory’s importance to criminology, examples of

At the time, when Clifford was being accused of the murder of Korzma there was not enough evidence to convict him. However, Randy Ludlow came to the rescue when he went to the police. He came forward and said that he was in the car with both Clifford and Judy for about an hour. Randy revealed that he had been with Clifford on July 9th driving into New Westminster between 11 o’clock and noon. At this time Clifford noticed Judy exiting a phone booth outside of the Royal Columbian Hospital. Olson waved Judy down and from what Rudy observed he assumed the two knew each other well. Clifford recommended that Rudy and Judy drink beers while he drove her to her interview. Olson wanted to stop somewhere to get more beer since they arrived so early to her interview. Clifford continued to offer Judy more beer even after she refused he kept forcing her. Randy knew that what was happening was not right so when it was his turn to mix the drinks he just poured coke into Judy’s cup; making sure Clifford didn’t know. Before dropping Randy off at the local mall he offered Judy little green pills that he said “will straighten her out after the alcohol.” After being dropped off Randy thought that Olson went on to drop Judy off at her interview. By Rudy coming forward as an eyewitness he aided in the conviction of Clifford Olson, for the murder of Judy Kormza. On the other hand this was still

Social learning theory refers to Akers’ theory of crime and deviance. Akers attempted to specify the mechanism and processes through which criminal learning takes place by explaining crime and deviance; he did this in such a way that the likelihood of conforming or deviant behavior based on the influence of an individual’s history of learning was accounted for. This theory was based off Sutherland’s differential association

Criminology has evolved over history into becoming a discipline all its own, along the way it grew and developed from a multiple sources of disciplines to become an integration of various theories. Reasons that seek to explain crime and deviant behaviors has mirrored the time in which research was being conducted and as time continues to change it is to be expected more theories will arise to incorporate past theories to become ever more inclusive. It is important to understand this development from the formulation of theories, the evolution of, the determining factors in testing, particular process such as social learning that are upheld as strong empirically sound theories in order for scholars to continue to advance further studies. But

A crime in America that is committed all too often is the act of forcible rape. Forcible rape is not a crime only against women. The definition was recently changed to aid in gender neutrality and to account for forcible rapes among same gender (FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program, 2013). Forcible rape in now defined as, according to the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) (2013), “Penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.” Although the act of forcible rape is a serious crime, many incidents go unreported for one reason or another. Some reasoning of why a rape may go unreported include, being embarrassed to tell somebody that you were forcibly raped, the victim knew the criminal and is afraid that further injury may occur if they report the incident to the police, or the victim was possibly drugged and was not aware of the situation. I will describe some of the statistics and trends involved with the act of forcible rape, explain some of the reasoning behind why one feels the need to commit forcible rape on another person, how the social learning theory shaped those individuals into the criminals that they are.

The main debate amongst the explanation is the key motivation that drives the offender to commit rape. Previously, majority of social scientists’ perspective of rape is seen as a sexually motivated crime; for instance, males are given the opportunity to fulfil their sexual desires that cannot be met legally, thus