The Causes of Federation in Australia Are Both Pragmatic and Ideological. Outline and Analyse Some of Those Causes as a Rationale for Federation.

On the 1st of January 1901, six British colonies were legalised by the British parliament to govern as a part of the Australian Federation. With the legalisation of unification also held the birth of national independence of Australia. Under a federal system, powers were divided between a central government and several regional governments. Power was divided between the federal government and the governments of the six colonies, which were renamed 'states' by the Constitution. One of the first pieces of legislation passed in the new Federal Parliament was the Immigration Restriction Act. Now known as the infamous White Australia Policy. This immigration restriction made it significantly difficult for Asians and Pacific Islanders to migrate to Australia.

Compared to earlier times the composition and direction of Australia’s major imports and exports contrasts majorly with Australia’s contemporary trade. In the 1900 Australia’s primary trading partners were European countries

As time progressed, colonists began to identify as Australian rather that British. During the time of federation over 80% of the population were Australian born. There were people

In this essay, it will be seen that the expansion of the external affairs power since Federation reflects Australia’s growing independence from a Dominion of the United Kingdom and its transition into nationhood.

Federation for Australia was when six independant Brisitsh colonies were no longer divided. It was the year “1901” when Federation happened for Australia. Federation took place because of the need to be more organised, to improve the defence of Australia, better transportation, stronger communication, to unify the economy and to strengthen the pride of being Australian. The idea of six colonies uniting as one had an apeal to people which lead to motivating the spirit of Australia and being as one. However, it was a long process to Federation, requiring referendums and the Queen's approval.

The patterns of change and continuity in Australia at the time of federation influenced Australia to become its own nation through the creation of the Australian identity. At time of Federation, the majority of people living in the Australian colonies were Australian-born. Colonists were also starting to see themselves as Australian, not as British. This meant people wanted their own identity that didn’t link back to Britain. The way of life in Australia helped build the identity, which was shaped by its differences to the typical Britain life. This was affected by the native flora and fauna, the weather and activities, sports and hobbies. There was also a change in the styles of literature and art, becoming more specifically Australian. This contributed to the growing national identity. For example, the popular oil canvas painting named Near Heidelburg by Arthur Streeton (Source 4.41, page 196, Oxford Big Ideas Australian Curriculum History 9) depicts the grasslands of Australia, and shows how people dressed accordingly to the weather. The change of the crops grown in Australia due to the climate, impacted the lifestyle of the people living in the colonies. This is a different landscape to Britain’s, where most of the population had

To introduce, Australia was country solely owned and run by Britian until 1901, the year of Australian federation, from 6 separate self-governing colonies to one, on the 26th day of January 1901. ’While Federation was not perfect, it was a system (of both laws and beliefs) that enabled Australia to flourish.’ The question itself represents the states coming together as one uniting nation. The laws, the beliefs, the privileges and the embellishment of the phrase gives you a sense of welcoming into the history of Australian federation.

Australia 's Federal System is dynamic and the division of lawmaking power between the Commonwealth and State since 1901 has changed dramatically; Critically discuss, focussing on the major reasons for those changes.

Even though Australia had federated in 1901, she was still part of the British Empire and Australians vowed to protect the “Mother Country”. Australian Labor Party Leader Andrew Fisher famously stated that Australia would defend Britain, “to the last man and the last shilling” (Darlington, Smithies and Wood, 2012, p.234). Fisher shared this view with many Australians, including the Prime Minister, Joseph Cook. Also, Australia and Britain both

Where there are problems, they are often with the way the Australian federal system operates, rather than with federalism itself. Rather than criticising our federal system, we should be working to make better use of its advantages
in order to improve our prosperity. In particular, the reform of the allocation of powers and responsibilities between the Commonwealth and the States, and reform of fiscal federalism, are desperately needed. (Twomey and Withers, 2007)

There are several similarities contained within the preambles of the Australian and United States constitutions. Immediately, they both tell of the people and their states which will be affected and governed by the constitution which follows. Next, they say they have agreed to come together to create a union of some form. In addition, they both end the opening of the

Federation in Australia was a big Debate at the time in the 1890’s some states wanted it to happen and some didn’t. They were also 6 different colonies being the same as they are today except for the ACT, South Australia, Northern Territory (as it was a part of South Australia) and Tasmania as they had not legislated for single-member electorates.

Before the 1900s, there was no Australia, just 6 colonies. New south wales, South Australia, Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia and Tasmania (the island colony). The colonies eventually joined up. Referendums were put to the people and on the 23rd of December 1901, Edmund Barton put forward and idea called the immigration act.The immigration restriction act is an act, led by the Australian parliament to limit immigration in Australia. This act formed the basis of the white Australian policy which disallowed all non-Europeans from Australia. This act was introduced on the 23rd of December 1901 by Edmund Barton.The law allowed all immigration officers a wide amount of responsibility to stop individuals from entering the country. The ACT

1901 was the turning point for Australian immigrants trying to come into Australia. It was during this time that Edmund Barton was trying to have an all white population. Edmund had gotten the idea for an all white population from R.Dixon. Edmund wanted to have an all white population because he thought it would be very patriotic to have a British outpost of all white people. Another reason is that Australians thought that the immigrants were taking their jobs and making Australians go broke from having no work. This law affected the immigrants because they were trying to escape from their country’s problems including: war, poor economy, poor health care and opportunity and Australia is their safe haven. The White Australia Policy not only denied them access to this safe haven but sent them back to where they would most likely be poor and end up dead

There are four present factors that promote the idea that Australia is becoming an Asian country in the twenty-first century. These are history and geography, immigration and culture, education and the economy. Australia was kept from the Asian region due to isolation but now Asian nations are within a short distance of the country and largely contribute to its prosperity. Britain was Australia’s source of protection until Asia became a more valuable cause. There has been movement away from Britain, the United States and Europe and a greater focus on Asian languages and Asia as a whole. The same restrictions do not apply in Australia for residency and jobs as they do in other Western countries. Constitutional links with the United Kingdom may