The Causitive Agent of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Essay

A disease caused by the bacterium which is belongs to the class of Spirochaetes which implies cockscrew-shaped. This bacterial infection is caused by four species. Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia mayonii cause the disease in the United States, while in Europe and Asia it is Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii.

Lyme disease has emerged as the most common vector borne infectious disease in the United States and has presented a growing challenge to public health officials over the past three decades. The infection represents a significant disease burden to the population of the United States with nearly 30,000 new cases diagnosed per year and an estimated additional 270,000 annual incident cases that go unreported. The disease results from a bacterial infection with the spirochete bacteria B. burgdorferi. This bacterial agent is transmitted to humans from the bite of a tick and is most commonly associated Ixodes species blacklegged ticks. These ticks represent the largest genus of the family Ixodidae and mainly inhabit temperate forest or grassland

The incident of the Yellow Fever in Philadelphia occurred in 1793. The Yellow Fever was definitely a hard thing to go through, especially Matilda and her family. In the beginning, Mattie is very tenacious but at the end is very spontaneous and brave. We think the theme of Fever is always fighting through hard times because Mattie fights through everything even when she feels like she has nothing. She doesn’t stop even when no one can help. Even though she was inevitable to terrible things happening because of the Fever, she still fought. These are a few reasons why we think the theme of Fever 1793 is always fighting through hard times.

Lyme disease is transmitted to humans from a natural reservoir (rodents and deer) by ticks that feed on both sets of hosts. Most infections are caused by ticks in the nymphal stage. Ticks in this stage

First, Lyme disease is a tick borne illness, meaning it spreads through tick bites. The disease is only spread through a limited species of ticks, the utmost popular being the deer tick. Lyme disease can affect humans and dogs, as well as other animals. Although, only spread through a few species the disease is very harmful to one’s health. In 2009, it was found that “the C.D.C reported 38,000 cases, which is three times more than in 1991” (Specter 25). The process of the tick is rather simple and sudden. First, the ticks attach to their host and spread an antihistamine on the surface to numb the area to prevent the victim from feeling the bite. Thereafter they emit a glue resembling

In recent news, there have been a large number of cases associated to Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) which have impacted a number of American Indian communities in Arizona. (CDC/IHS, Newsweek).

In order to develop this disease, you must come into contact with a tick that caries Borrelia Burgdorferi. Some of the more common ticks that transmit this disease are the deer tick, dog tick, and lone star tick. In Indiana, there are about fifteen different species of ticks and only people and their pets encounter three. They are the dog tick, lone star tick, and blacklegged tick (www.harrisoncountyhealth.com).

Ticks, they are most significant vectors of infectious diseases in the United States. These arachnids can host a scary medley of infectious bacterium, and they are increasing at an alarming rate with one CDC graph showing their numbers have almost tripled since 1995 (Lyme Stats). Some point to greater awareness, other point to climate change, while we don’t know exactly why their reach is growing we do know we have to be wary of the diseases they carry. While not all ticks are hosts, ticks carrying the Borrelia bacteria known for causing Lyme disease present a massive public health risk. Lyme is one most under researched Infectious diseases with the CDC estimating that somewhere between 300,000 and 3,000,000 people are infected annual.

Lyme is a disease that is transmitted through the bite of a tick. "It is caused by a spirochete – which is a corkscrew shaped bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi" (About Lyme Disease. 2017). (Show Photo)

Unfortunately, people around the world struggle with deadly and rare diseases. From the outside looking in, these deadly and horrific diseases appear as something minor and easy to conquer. However, people everyday die from lack of resources and their inability to cope with the pain that these disease come with. The presentation Tick Tock discussed the horrific infection of lyme disease. Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected blacklegged tick on the west coast and on the east coast by ixodes ticks. The ticks infect the human with a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. It is a corkscrew shaped bacterium. Ticks usually attach to the armpit, groin, or scalp. Lyme disease is found throughout the United States and sixty other countries. Most people get lyme disease from a tiny, immature form

Lyme disease is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected ticks of the Ixodes genus.[3] Usually, the tick must be attached for 36 to 48 hours before the bacteria can spread.[4] In North America, the only

Lyme disease is an illness that is caused by a Borrelia bacteria. This disease is spread to humans through the bite of an infected tick that carries the pathogen. The main reservoir of the Lyme disease pathogen is usually a mouse, but any small mammal can act as the reservoir if it has been contaminated by the infected tick (either in the larval or nymph stage). The bacteria can then be passed on to a human host. Transmission of the pathogen could occur with as soon as twenty-four hours after the bite takes place.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), also called blue disease [1], was first identified in the rocky mountain region of the United States but has since spread across Northern and Southern America. The disease is transmitted by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsia and is spread to humans by the Dermacentor tick species. It is a fatal illness in humans but is curable with effective antibiotic treatment of Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol which, since the 1940s has drastically decreased the number of deaths associated with RMSF. Diagnosis of the disease in the early stages is often difficult due to the diverse clinical features, therefore the disease is often referred to as “the great imitator”. Symptoms usually appear with 2-14 days of infection

The most common animal with an exoskeleton to carry diseases that affect both animals and human in all of Europe are ticks. It is because of this that concerns on rather or not they can possess more than one pathogen at a time has become prominent. Scientists also question rather or not the anthropoids’’ symbolists, a major part of a tick’s biology, could affect these pathogens. Sara Moutailler, Claire Valiente Moro, Patrick Gasqui, and nine other writers for the Public Library of Science set out to answer the many questions surrounding this subject. In their article they conduct an experiment in the French Ardennes in order to examine pathogens and symbolists in ticks and possibly find a solution to any problems surround the tick-carried diseases (Moutailler).

2. Generalization Phase: Day 1 up to Day 5 from onset of clinical symptoms. MHF ( Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever ) presents wit a high fever ( 40*C ) and a sudden onset of a severe headache, with the following symptoms, chills, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pharyngitis, maculopapular rash, abdominal pain, conjunctivitis, and malaise.