The Central Nervous System

6.The fatty substances produced by certain glial cells that coat the axons of neurons to insulate, protect, and speed up the neural impulse is the myelin.

The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of neurons. This system is responsible for sending, receiving, and interpreting information from all parts of the body. The nervous system monitors and coordinates internal organ function and responds to changes in the external environment. This system can be divided into two parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Let 's take a look at the central nervous system.

As well as these there are also the axon of the cell which is covered in myelin sheaths which carried information away from the cell body and hands the action potentials, these are small short bursts of change in the electrical charge of the axon membrane through openings of ion channels, off to the following neurons dendrites through terminal buttons at the end of the axons. Whenever an action potential is passed through these terminal buttons it releases a chemicals that pass on the action potential on to the next neuron through the terminal button and dendrite connection. The chemicals that are

7. Myelin Sheath whitish fatty segmented sheath around most long axons. It protects the axon, electrically insulates fibers from one another , and increases the speed of nerve impulse transmition.

Nerve cells are made up of things called neurons, the cell body of the neuron has a long tinny axon that is covered by something called a myelin sheath, the axons are what pass the information from neuron to neuron and other cells in the body. The axons have a cover to protect them called myelin, this is what allows the brain and spinal cord to communicate with each other (Lindhom, 2014).

Neurons are made up of four parts which are the dendrites, the soma, the axon and the myelin. Dendrites are the branches of the neuron which receive messages and are attached to the soma. The soma contains the nucleus and is mainly responsible for keeping the cell alive and running. Axon is the message carrier of the neuron and it does so as a fiber attached to soma. Lastly, the myelin is a fatty substance made by glial cells that serves as a protecting sheath around the axons. It also speeds up the neural message traveling down the axon.

They receive information and send signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands by using electrical signals called nerve impulses. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of a chemical, or neurotransmitter. The neurotransmitter travels rapidly across the short gap between cells (synapse) and acts to signal the adjacent cell. First, the neuron receives information from the external environment, or from other neurons. Then, it integrates, or processes, the information from all of its inputs and determines whether or not to send an output signal. Next, it sends the signal along its length at full speed. The distance may be up to several meters (a giraffe or whale, for instance) with rates up to 328 feet per second. Finally, the neuron converts the electrical signal to a chemical one and transmits it to another neuron or an effecter, such as a muscle or gland. “Neurons have many different shapes and sizes. However, a typical neuron in a vertebrate (such as a human) consists of four major regions: a cell body, dendrites, and axon, and synaptic terminals” (Biology). A single neuron can have up to 10,000 dendrites connecting to other

The action that is required for standing up is for the muscle to contract in the lower portion of the body from the gluteus maximum to the Gastrocnemius muscle.

The axon of a neuron (nerve cell) is a long, slender projection that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body, or soma. The axons of neurons may or may not be coated with myelin. Myelin is a phospholipid layer that is an outgrowth of glial cells. Myelin-coated axons appear white, and thus these regions of the CNS are called "white matter," while "gray matter" is composed of unmyelinated neurons.

Central nervous system (CNS) is a system in our body that is responsible for integrating, processing and coordinating sensory data and motor commands. It consists of the brain and spinal cord. CNS may be associated with a lot of disorder. An article written by Tim Newman in Medical News Today proclaimed that the major causes of disorders that effect the CNS are trauma, infections, degeneration, structural defects, tumors, autoimmune disorders and stroke. One of the most common disorder or disease related closely to CNS is multiple sclerosis. An article in the Medline Plus updated by Joseph V. Campellone, MD, Division of Neurology,at the Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ and Multiple Sclerosis society of Canada agreed that multiple sclerosis

The central nervous system, or CNS, consists of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is responsible for accepting information from the rest of the body through the peripheral nervous system, and responding by sending signals back out into the body. It is essential that the CNS work properly for one to function properly in day to day life. However, there are circumstances in which it is necessary for the CNS to be suppressed or excited for the wellbeing of a patient. The CNS is affected by varying types of medications including but not limited to: anesthetics, anticonvulsants,

Central nervous system (CNS) is composed of brain and the spinal cord. Neurons constitute a major part of the developing CNS. An axon is an extension of a neuron. The brain grows as a swelling at the front (rostal) end of the neural tube and later leads to become a spinal cord (1,2). Development of the CNS involves many complex mechanisms beginning at the onset of transformation of a single layer of ectodermal cells, the neuroectoderm until the end of the differentiation process resulting into highly complex structure involving variety of neural cell types (1,2). A large number of cell types need to be arranged spatially and temporally to form a complex structure during an

The central nervous system (CNS) is one of the two major parts of the nervous system. The CNS includes the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord, which together include the body's main control and data centre. Together with the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the CNS performs important functions.

In the central nervous system, neurons, microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes secrete exosomes into the extracellular environment (Glebov 2015), raising the possibility that communication mediated via extracellular vesicles is a common mechanism in the CNS. It has been reported that exosomes are involved in the normal development and physiology of the nervous system. One study demonstrated that mature hippocampal and cortical neurons released exosomes in response to calcium and glutamatergic synaptic activity, which suggests a role in normal physiology (Lachenal 2011).

Although, MS only affects the central nervous system, myelin can be located in both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. All neurons consist of an axon and a cell body. Most of the axons in the CNS are wrapped in myelin, which is rich in proteins. Similar to coating around an electrical wire, myelin lines and protects the axon and assist in speeding nerve transmission. In the nervous system, neurons are the structures that allow us to feel, see, think, speak, hear, and move. Ultimately with MS, inflammation in the central nervous system is produced and this process destroys and damages myelin and oligodendrocytes. The action potential is a discharge between a neuron and everything around it. It is part of the method