How Did Mughal Decline

Although the Ottoman and Mughal empires had two different reasons for decline, both were because of the leaders currently in power at the time. Even though Suleyman, the ruler of the Ottomans, accomplished social and cultural achievements, the empire was losing ground. Suleyman made a mistake by killing two of his sons. His third son, the incompetent Selim II, inherited the throne. Suleyman set the pattern for the future sultans to gain and hold power. It became customary for each new sultan to kill his brother. This practice produced a long line of weak sultans who eventually brought ruin on the empire. Since India was mainly a land of the Hindus, The stability of the Emperor, in this case Aurangzeb, depended on the support of the people. Without their loyalty and cooperation, stability was impossible. When Aurangzeb came into power, he departed from the tradition of religious tolerance and persecuted the other

At that time, Mughal Empire was still strong compare to British settlers. British decided to trade with Mughal Empire, and swallowed it step by

The Mughal Empire: Zahir al-Din, also known as Babur, was a Chagatai Turk that, unlike the Ottoman and Safavids, was just a soldier of fortune not fighting on behalf of Islam. He wanted to use his fortune to transform a glorious central Asian empire. Although, he did not succeed at that goal he then focused on India. Babur took Delhi in 1526. He did not like the land that he had conquered, it was a hot and humid climate but, Babur decided to stay. By the time of his death he had embraced most of the Indian subcontinent. The height of the Mughal power and influence came from Babur’s grandson Akbar. He gained power in Gujarat and Bengal, destroyed the Hindu kingdom of Vijayanagar in order to later expand in southern India. He was a thoughtful man who tolerated the religious differences in

Since the beginning, all empires have faced change in many ways, declining and rising in status. Many empires have collapsed, only to start again under a different name. Like all empires, the three Muslim Empires, the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals have faced this inevitable state. Although each individual empire is different, they each have similarities in their reasons for decline. Whether it is social, religious, economic, or political reasons, the empires, like many others, have fallen.

Peaceful, powerful, and stable are all words one could use to describe India’s economy before the British. In fact, The economy of India’s was the second most developed in the world at the time as it dominated the world’s trade by its exports including textiles and agricultural

After they went into India, they expanded their control. After that, they start to run out of money. The British East India Company was running low on money even after they were given financial aid. They lost this abundance of money because they had to pay off wars they created to expand its control. In the article, British East India Company , it states, “Even after receiving government aid, finances continued to be a problem for the East India Company. The many wars that resulted in its control over most of India caused a staggering debt.” (ABC-Clio.com). This proves, that the British East India Company was running dangerously low on money. Meaning, this is a positive effect for India. This is because, if the British was in this crisis, they would have their chance to regain their

India was in a great shape up until the end of 19th century. When British arrived, the country was depleted of its wealth and

When the Mughal empire declined in the 1700’s, Britain turned its focus on India. The recent decline left India weak and ideal to colonize. Britain already had influence in India with the British East India Company, but now their outlook on India became political. The people of India were very diverse, spoke different languages, and had contrasting cultures. This was a disadvantage as Britain used their inability to unite against them. The British helped stimulate competition between the various Indian people and their princes. The Indians also had inferior weapons that couldn’t uphold against British firearms. In addition, Britain aimed to socially change India with an attempt to get rid of the caste system and important religious traditions like sati. By the 1850’s, the British selected Indians to provide service in fighting. Those employed were called Sepoys and were treated unfairly

The British East India Company gained trading rights on the Mughal empire. The company expanded its influence; it controlled three fifths of India by the mid 1800s, as the Mughal power declined. India was not able to unite because there were too many languages and cultures. Even though many effects of the East India Company were negative, many positive effects came out of it too. “The East India Company’s main goal in India was to make money, and leading officials often got very rich. At the same time, the company did work to improve roads, preserve peace, and reduce banditry.” (Esler, pg. 633) British officials introduced western education, pressed for social change, missionaries tried to convert Indians to Christianity, tried to end slavery, the caste system, and improve the position of women within the family.

When the Mughal Dynasty began to collapse, the British East India Company took control of India after winning a “decisive victory” over Indian forces during a battle. But when the sepoys, Indian soldiers working for the British, decided to rebel, the British government took over India. India was highly treasured by the British because it had abundant raw materials, such as indigo and cotton, which were highly sought after by the British during the Industrial Revolution. India was considered the most valuable out of Britain’s colonies. Britain’s imperial rule over India was systematic, allowing them to establish the framework for India’s government and modernize the country while improving the lives of the preeminent Indians. Despite this, the

The Ottoman empire; one of the greatest empires in history. The Empire, at its height, ruled most of the land around the Mediterranean. It contributed much to culture, science, religion, war, politics, and the world. Its monumental fall will be known throughout history. How can the swift decline of the Ottoman power be explained? Perhaps the best way to understand how important this event was, there needs to be a brief explanation of the history behind this epic collapse; showing the rise before the fall and the drastic change.

Having less competition in spice trade and more military resources, the British East India Company seek to expand its control in the India territory. From then, the Company has built more factories in different regions of India such as Madras in 1640, Bombay in 1661 and Calcultta in 1690. Despite the many influences on the India economy, the fact that EIC being a British company meant that there were liabilities of foreigness to face. One of the biggest liabilities was surrounding regulations of the Indian Empire. The Company found difficulties to maximise revenue under the control of its partner. The core

This makes sense when first looked at, but the “imperial overstretch” argument ignores the fact that as late as the 18th century, India was the second wealthiest society in the world. In 1526, Babur is said to have invaded India with 12,000 cavalrymen, but by the time of Shah Jahan, the imperial military reached 300,000 soldiers, of whom 200,000 were armed cavalrymen. The only way that the Mughals could support so massive a military was with an equally massive military budget. According to the economic historian Angus Maddison, India had been the largest economy in the world until it was surpassed in size by China, circa 1500, and between 1500 and 1700, the subcontinent still accounted for a full 25 percent of total world economic output.

Discuss the decline of the Mughal Empire. To what extent do you agree that the downfall of the Mughal Empire was caused by the agrarian crisis of the 17th and 18th century?

Shah Jahan, notes Hambly, resuscitated Akbar 's arrangement of squeezing southward against the autonomous Muslim Sultanate of the Deccan. At the same time the greater part of his development campaigns were unsuccessful. The uses coming about because of Shah Jahan 's fizzled endeavors at outskirts extension, and his unquenchable longing for new and fabulous building design, were apparent calculates the realm 's inevitable budgetary emergency.