The Changes the Obama Adminsitation Has Made in Foriegn Policy

President Bush creates a logical appeal through precedent and an immediate course of action regarding the issues at hand to both reassure the audience and gain their support for the war. When Bush states that “for the past 136 years, [wars] have been...on foreign soil, except for one Sunday in 1941,” (Bush) he reminds the audience of the rarety and significance of war being fought within America. The minimal amount of precedent in recent American history for such an occurence makes the audience perceive fighting the terrorists logically the nest step, much like Americans supported entering World War II as a result of the attack on Pearl Harbor. George W. Bush announces “the creation of a Cabinet-level postion...the Office of Homeland Security,” (Bush) which presents an immediate and obvious way terrorism is being combatted, thus reassuring the American people. Bush strengthens his support further by creating an ethical appeal.

President Obama came into office in the aftermath of the disastrous foreign policy record of the Bush administration. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 had served as a “switchman,” leading to the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. The Bush administration exercised unilateral use of force and reluctance to engage the international community. As a result global elites and publics viewed the US unfavorably. The US economy was negatively affected by the costs of the wars coupled with the financial crisis of 2007. It was this environment that defined the contours of the election campaign of 2008. Obama campaigned on the idea of change, which represented a regeneration of America through domestic public policy reform and a return to multilateralism in foreign policy. Both domestic and international publics and elites were galvanized by Obama’s message.

President George W. Bush was elected surrounding a plume of controversy coming from a Supreme Court decision. After the attacks on 9/11 the public rallied around the President and his national security policies (Sarkesian, Williams, and Cimbala, 2013). Congress sided with the American people and approved funding, passed legislation, and supported the President into the “war” on terror. The advancement of national security measures in response to the attack, and the support of the American people and congress allowed the intelligence community to see its own advancements in intelligence gathering, such as potions of the PATRIOT

The 1776 united States of America Declaration of Independence contain the words that succinctly describe our national objective, strategy, and message, “We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.” In today’s United States of America, the world acknowledges American’s as the preeminent owner of individual freedoms, holding and promoting these three basic principles for some 240 years. During these years, the U.S. has employed the use of intelligence to shape its objectives and strategies, and then in times of war used the same intelligence to shape strategic messages against foreign powers. However, as hostilities decline and give way to the restoration of relative peace, the use of intelligence for strategic messages against foreign powers ceases. Under these circumstances, the void created by secession of U.S. messages, provides a communication opportunity to foreign powers for transmission of anti-U.S. messages. Attempts have been made to reinstate the offices that during war countered these anti-U.S. messages to a comprehensive reorganization of the U.S Government intelligence community. This paper does not support creation of a new agency or department to utilize existing strategic intelligence.

Prior to the events of 9/11 our national security plan was not heavily touched upon. It had remained more or less stable since 1947 when President Truman signed the National Security Act of 1947. During President Bush’s time in office prior to 9/11 the only steps he took to change any aspect were ones toward foreign policy. “During his first nine months in office, Bush made clear his intentions to move the country away from-or entirely out of-a

Both President Obama and Bush had different tactics when it came to foreign affairs. In the following weeks after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, President George W Bush issued executive orders including setting up a Secretary of Homeland Security and a Homeland Security Council, launching a military strike against Afghanistan and other executive orders. Bush issued these executive orders without going through Congress. Howell stated that “Though these commands did not come as executive orders, or any kind of formal directive, they nonetheless instigated some of the most potent expressions of executive power.” (Howell, pg 1-2) In a time of crisis, Howell agrees with Bush’s tactics of not seeking congressional approval for the orders that were passed in the weeks after 9-11.

From World War II to the present, policies both foreign and domestic have reshaped and changed American culture and Identity. Several of the events that greatly shape and impacted policies in the United States are Civil Rights Movement, the Vietnam War and the September eleventh terrorist attack in 2001.

The U.S. foreign policy was first established around the early 1900’s.This foreign policy was created in order to maintain a balance of power among nations and it is also the government’s strategy in interacting with foreign nations. America’s policy has been changing over time reflecting the change in its national interest. For Example, as a new nation after the Revolutionary War the U.S. wanted to maintain its independence from more powerful European Countries. During the time periods of 1898 to 1908 the U.S. was dealing with various problems with other countries such as wanting to take control of Hawaii. By the year 1899 the U.S. was involved in its first war in Asia. Three more follow in the course of the next century they were Japan,

In the aftermath of the attacks on September 11th President Bush declared that we would, "answer these attacks and rid the world of evil". For a mission that vast the president would have to have powers that matched and the Bush administration made some of the broadest assertions of Presidential power in history. Suddenly the President could launch wars at will, surveil Americans with impunity, and imprison or assassinate Americans at his discretion. These changes were accepted, as both parties, even in these increasingly politically polarized times, embrace an almost unlimited view of Presidential responsibility and power . Thus, in the wake of a catastrophe, Congress was more than willing to grant emergency power so that the President could better protect the nation from harm.

The analysis would suggest that in agreement with Roskin’s model it does seem that big events in history do have a substantial influence on the swaying of president’s policy towards interventionism vs isolationism. However, the problem is that just from looking at the president’s annual message to the congress on the state of the union we do not have enough information to tell if this was the main contributing force to sway the paradigm in presidents US foreign policy. We accessed all addresses to congress from 5 presidents during important changing times in American history. In the beginning of the addresses all

The US's interference in the Middle East was seen by many Americans as a charitable endeavor, with the US as a benevolent nation willing to swoop in and save the Middle East from itself. However, many Middle-Easterners didn't agree with this view, especially as Westernization was often a prerequisite for acceptance by US citizens, both within and outside of US borders. History had already taught us this lesson – in the Filipino revolt against the US troops who attempted to occupy their country and save them by shaping and imposing a government upon them. The quote 'resentment against American policy was still evident a century later' (Judis) goes to show how interference in other country's government processes could understandably breed pervasive anger within a country for years after. However, this anger sometimes appeared unjustified and arrogant to Americans who were far removed from the situation. The result of a nation rejecting what many American citizens saw as a selfless offer of help was often discrimination and

When president Obama first announced his candidacy for office in 2007 he said, “In the end, that's what this election is about. Do we participate in a politics of cynicism or a politics of hope?” Obama promised hope and a future to Americans. The Obama Administration has dedicated both of its terms of presidency to restore or reinforce existing loopholes in various areas of the country such as: economy, unemployment rate, environmental policies, immigration policies, and national security. However, the Obama presidency has been more restorative than transformative.

Eleven years on from the invasion, the Iraq war remains an unforgettable sequence of events for people around the world, especially American’s and one of the greatest intelligence failures in living history. The pre-war intelligence gathered by the CIA suggested that Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction and connections with al-Qaeda. American officials did everything to prepare the entire world and the entire globe for war against Iraq. The intelligence collected, key to the invasion, was subsequently wishful thinking and wrong. The striking thing about prewar U.S. intelligence is that it played such a small role in one of the most important U.S. policy decisions in recent decades.

Obama was elected president in 2008 .WHen Obama was running for president many people did not know him. He was unknown to the general public. When Obama was elected many people were happy and wanted him to win because Obama promised to end war in Afghanistan and Iraq. Which he did during the end of his presidency he ended the Iraq war and also signed a nuclear deal with Iraq from obtaining nuclear weapons. He tended to keep away from foreign policy. Some of Obama 's Major Foreign Policy accomplishments are:Ending the war in Iraq Killing of Osama Bin Laden ,Nuclear deal with Iran ,Paris Climate Change Agreement, Opening of relations with Cuba, Trans-Pacific Partnership. He also went to go visit Cuba during his last year

Obama took serious initiatives to better the image of USA on global platform. He respected the sovereignty of nations and tried to withdraw from their national and domestic matters. It is expected that his reselection as President will further add value to the image of USA.