The Characteristics Of Kunnumpuram, Er And Social Structures

The organizational structures of political and economic systems cause and sustain the sort of hierarchical relations that enable dramatic differences between and across sectors of societies. Within these hierarchies, the people at the top have privilege, wealth, and power, while those at the bottom of the hierarchy are dominated, oppressed, and exploited (Christie, 1997). People are harmed and killed as a result of structural violence but, unlike direct violence, it occurs more slowly. The harm or death of oppressed people may come about because “some people are deprived of food, shelter, healthcare, and other resources” (Christie, 1997). Because structural violence is embedded in a society’s way of being, over the long-term, groups of people may not be able to meet their basic needs to the degree that normal development and growth is impacted.

B. R. Ambedkar once stated, “What are we having this liberty for? We are having this liberty in order to reform our social system, which is full of inequality, discrimination and other things, which conflict with our fundamental rights.” This powerful quotes illustrates how society has belittle the people with a low status and has not given a chance for those who have not proven themselves. It demonstrates that the world needs to understand that all people should be treated equally no matter what race, ethnic, or social status they inherit. Throughout the texts, “The Stolen Party” by Liliana Heker and “Borders” by Denice Frohman, both authors develop their text surrounding the topic of inequality by discussing how social class affects the main

Society is constructed over different opinions and translations that individuals have over each other. The academic reading, “The Social Construction of Difference”, points out two different views that a group of people may have over another. In the academic reading the author, Allan G. Johnson, defines two different kinds of approaches that are known as privilege and oppression. Privilege is commonly defined as a group of certain people having more value from those who are not consider like one of them. Oppression is defined as privilege groups of people feeling superior in which leads to taking control over those who don’t share common identities with them. Based on the academic reading, “The Social Construction of difference”, the reality of social construction is based upon privilege and oppression.

A structuralist-functionalist would point out that major social, political, and economic institutions foster the oppression of the Dalit. As the narrator of "India's Broken People" points out, the Dalit recognize that the policing and law enforcement structure almost

The axis of inequality that will be focused throughout this paper is the social class. Social class is defined as a group of individuals who are categorized according to class (i.e. poor, middle, and upper) due to their income, wealth, power, and occupation. Social class is socially constructed by the way we view how much income and wealth a person possess (Ore, 20011a, 10). In reality it is much more than that. According to the text, poverty is not only the shortage of income, but it is the rejection of opportunities and choices that leads a person to a standard way of living (Ore, 2011a, 10). Stereotyping also contributes to it being socially constructed. These stereotypes influence us by defining who is who based on their principles in each class category. This can cause some to feel worthless.

When the resources in a society are distributed unevenly it leads to social inequality. Often inequality is understood as being socio-economic and it is now closely associated with social inequality. “Social inequalities are differences in income, resources, power and status within and between societies. Such inequalities are maintained by those in powerful positions via institutions and social processes.” (Warwick-Booth, 2013 p.2)

So, when most individuals do not have access to resources in society in order to achieve necessary progress and therefore leads to greater social mobility. These individuals are most likely going to face some social injustices because they are below or on the poverty line. Because of the group's social position in society, it has led to several social injustices that include awareness-raising, improving access to medical care, education for children, employment opportunities and acceptable safe housing for families. Poverty is a social injustice because of economic policies it favors one class moreover another class. Social context known as the physical setting of which people were raised often is the building block of a moral society and are the reasons why poor people stay poor. In the book, there were a few stereotypes that were addressed to the population in poverty or the unprivileged. It was often seen that the families that had fallen into these types of situations were usually sing persons and one parent families, so because of their only being one potential wage earning it is not enough for a living (Rank, Mark 2005). Another stereotype is that the chances of an individual that failed to receive a high school diploma will be disadvantaged and will experience poverty during their lifetime than individuals with college degrees who were raised by wealthy parents (book). Along with education, many assume that poor people do not value education, while it is true the parents may not be involved in school activities it is because they are working to provide for their family. Poor people in the United States are often stereotyped in innumerable ways that impact those living in poverty and education falls along with the

When thinking about social institutions and how they shape society, it becomes clear that they have a very large role in maintaining inequality. The very nature of social institutions make them very hard to change and when an institution begins based on, or allowing for inequality, it can be extremely difficult for things to change.

The hierarchical atmosphere that concentrates power and wealth set against the commoners at the lower end of the

In the current event inequality is an important issue that is mentioned. People want to obtain the power and control of being a successful human being, but the way in actually doing so, is by committing serious crimes. Areas in politics, religion, and values can be found in Institutional Anomie Theory. People fantasize the idea of obtaining power and control through the means of violence in order to acquire financial success, and on this current event is exactly how the people make it out to be.

A world of system designed to keep people in unjust and unequal positions is held in place by several interrelated expression of "power over": political power, economic power, physical force, and ideological power (Bishop, 1994: 36). So, we can say power is defined as a possession of control, authority or influence over others. In terms of power of dominant groups over subordinate groups, we define power as domination of one group of people over another in major important spheres of life. Power inequities have been in existence throughout the history of humanity and the ways of manifestation evolved from extreme overt oppression to subtle, covert oppression. Three major forms of power inequalities discussed in this paper are

Structure and agency are two theoretical terms used to explain the capacity at which we as people are able to be individuals, and to what extent those influences limit our individuality. Structure refers to the ways in which a society is organized. Agency refers to the behaviors and actions of the individuals within the social structure. Agency is limited by the structure due to cultural barriers and inequalities within the structure. In this essay, I will present an overview of why critical theorists are concerned with those inequalities, and I will further identify the problems within the system contributing to the unequal access to the public sphere, relating specifically to class and gender inequalities.

Social justice is that status of the society where “equity” and “just treatment” of individuals exists. It is not limited to safeguarding the rights but also comes with responsibility to maintain a “society for all” providing equal opportunities. A socially just society can be achieved after examining the inequalities and seeking opportunity to curb the same by total elimination. The concept of social justice varies with the different philosophical approaches about the distribution or allocation of resources.

World is composed of social stratification, a system which people are divided into layers based on their property, power and prestige. This stratification labels people and causes them to think accordingly within their own stratification. It can be expressed in four major groups as follows: slavery, caste system, estate, and class. Though it can be described in slavery, caste system, and estate, these are all old forms of social stratification that are not used commonly in the present. Therefore, my paper will be focusing on the description of the class system.

Society is a structured hierarchical system of classes. The higher class you hold, the higher power often associated to you. With this construction of society one-group claims dominance over another doing so with “power over” (Bishop, 2015). Power over others can be visible through physical strength, wealth, resources, and access to opportunities, etc. These dominate groups not only spread ideas, but often are in charge of the creation of ideas, their importance, and the norms and roles for society and classes labeling groups different than their own as inferior.