The Chemistry And Development Of A Current Technology Essay

Opioids are a class of drugs used to help an individual’s pain perception. They include prescriptive and nonprescriptive medications: morphine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, codeine, and fentanyl. Heroin is also an opioid, but it is a classified Schedule 1 illegal drug.

A mixture of opium and alcohol was designed back in 1680. However this formula would not surface and be marketed until the 1900's by the Bayer company in Germany as a method to combat the cough associated along with Tuberculosis. It was also used as a method to treat morphine addictions, that is until it was discovered that heroin itself was extremely

Heroin was initially created by Charles Wright in 1874 to combat Morphine addiction amongst Civil War soldiers. The commercial production of heroin began in 1898, by the Bayer Pharmaceutical Company, and their “sales pitch” persuaded people that Heroin was a “safe, non-addictive” substitute for morphine, therefore, gaining popularity amongst healthcare professionals and their morphine addicted patients. As a result, numerous

Fun fact, in the UK, some hospitals use diamorphine, a generic name of heroin to prescribed as a strong pain medication in patients suffering from myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses. It is still given over there, instead of using Morphine, because some hospital state it a lot better from pain

Oxycodone is the main drug I am concentrating on even though there are many opiates or schedule II drugs that are considered Opioids. Oxycodone was created during the process to find a drug that was not addictive like morphine and heroin, which were commonly used in medicine before World War I(? A Forever Recovery. 2014. Web. 10 Mar. 2016?). Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic, ?Pain Killer? that is most often prescribed to control moderate to severe pain that must not be used with other medications. It is a slightly synthetic opiate that was created in 1916. The chemicals found in Poppy plants also make as morphine and heroin. Opiate:?A drug (such as morphine, codeine or heroin) containing or made from opium or the opium poppy, used to alleviate pain, or induce sleep or euphoria. ( A Forever Recovery. 2014. Web. 10 Mar. 2016). Opioid:?A synthetic or semi-synthetic substance producing an opium-like effect, often prescribed for the alleviation of moderate to severe pain; a prescription painkiller in the opiate class.

Oxycodone is the main drug I am concentrating on even though there are many opiates or schedule II drugs that are considered Opioids. Oxycodone was created during the process to find a drug that was not addictive like morphine and heroin, which were commonly used in medicine before World War I(? A Forever Recovery. 2014. Web. 10 Mar. 2016?). Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic, ?Pain Killer? that is most often prescribed to control moderate to severe pain that must not be used with other medications. It is a slightly synthetic opiate that was created in 1916. The chemicals found in Poppy plants also make as morphine and heroin. Opiate:?A drug (such as morphine, codeine or heroin) containing or made from opium or the opium poppy, used to alleviate pain, or induce sleep or euphoria. ( A Forever Recovery. 2014. Web. 10 Mar. 2016). Opioid:?A synthetic or semi-synthetic substance producing an opium-like effect, often prescribed for the alleviation of moderate to severe pain; a prescription painkiller in the opiate class.

Webster, an online and in print dictionary resource, describes opioids as synthetic drugs that tend to have characteristics similar to narcotics (painkillers) but are not actually associated with opium (2017). Opium is a seed of a certain poppy plant which is highly addictive. Doctors prescribe opioids, such as OxyContin, Vicodin, and Percocet, to patients either following surgery or with certain types of chronic pain- surgeries, including tonsil removal, wisdom teeth removal, or any surgery that will instill pain in the patient. Chronic pain is another issue. Advanced cancers are an opioid-treated type of chronic pain. Doctors aim to help a patient feel as little pain as possible near the end of his or her life. The National Institute of Drug

Since endorphins keep us from feeling pain, morphine and heroin can also stop pain signals from traveling to the brain. They would make us feel euphoric, and our body could easily get addicted to morphine and

Opioids are prescription drugs that deal with reducing pain when taken. There are various types of prescription drugs that can classify as opioids such as morphine, codeine, hydrocodone, or Demerol, to name a few. The drugs originally are synthesized and derived from the opium poppy, Physicians will prescribe this medication as a painkiller, but many others turned to purer doses of these medications and started turning to more potent drugs like heroin or Percocet. The one thing that these brand name drugs have in common is that they contain opium, an extremely addictive narcotic drug. In many cases, many patients receiving pain killing medication from doctors become dependent on the drug, leading them to use it recreationally instead

Opium is used to create morphine, a drug that is highly addictive and used to treat chronic pain in terminally ill patients as well as other medical conditions. Heroin, an illegal and highly dangerous drug, is made from morphine. “Heroin can be a white or brown powder, or a black sticky substance known as black tar heroin.” (NIDA 2017)) Other synthetic opioids that are just as addictive are prescription pain kills such as Oxycotin and Vicodin.

Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors in the brain to produce morphine-like effects. Opioids are most often used medically to relieve pain.

One advantage to using opioids is that they have been proven to be very effective at reliving pain, opiates also can be very cheap. Morphine has been around for little over a century, but it is still used frequently to control pain most likely after major surgery.

Since it is an opiate, morphine is extremely addictive. When used under a physician's supervision in small amounts, morphine can generally be used safely. If it is used for a long time period or in large quantities, it can become addictive.

According to MediResource (2012) Morphine belongs to a class of medication that is collectively referred to as narcotic analgesics. It is an opiate pain reliever. It functions in a manner that it binds to the opioid receptors within the body giving the following effect; cough suppression, pain relieving, drowsiness, relief from anxiety, initiates euphoria or dysphoria, decreases breathing, changes in the circulatory system, slows the digestive tract and release of histamine into the system.

Morphine is commonly used in clinical and surgical medicine for a multitude of reasons. This drug is highly addictive and because of its pleasurable effects, morphine is widely used for recreation and has a very high abuse rate. Morphine can be absorbed into the bloodstream through a number of routes of administration. One such way is in the form of capsules, taken orally. This method of administration takes about 30 minutes to experience the peak of effects (Glare & Walsh, 1991). Morphine can also be administered intravenously. This is one of the quickest ways to experience the effects of this drug, as it is administered directly into the bloodstream, and is the reason why this is one the most common routes of administration of this drug.